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This series on condensed matter theories provides a forum for advanced theoretical research in quantum many-body theory. The contributions are highly interdisciplinary, emphasizing common concerns among theorists who apply many-particle methods in such diverse areas as solid-state, low-temperature, statistical, nuclear, particle, and biological physics, as well as in quantum field theory, quantum information and the theory of complex systems. Each individual contribution is preceded by an extended introduction to the topic treated. Useful details not normally presented in journal articles can

Condensed matter --- Quantum liquids --- Liquids, Quantum --- Low temperatures --- Quantum statistics

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Superfluid helium is a quantum liquid that exhibits a range of counter-intuitive phenomena such as frictionless flow. Quantized vortices are a particularly important feature of superfluid helium, and all superfluids, characterized by a circulation that can only take prescribed integer values. However, the strong interactions between atoms in superfluid helium prohibit quantitative theory of vortex behaviour. Experiments have similarly not been able to observe coherent vortex dynamics. This thesis resolves this challenge, bringing microphotonic techniques to bear on two-dimensional superfluid helium, observing coherent vortex dynamics for the first time, and achieving this on a silicon chip. This represents a major scientific contribution, as it opens the door not only to providing a better understanding of this esoteric quantum state of matter, but also to building new quantum technologies based upon it, and to understanding the dynamics of astrophysical superfluids such as those thought to exist in the core of neutron stars.

Condensed matter. --- Quantum physics. --- Chemistry. --- Materials science. --- Condensed Matter Physics. --- Quantum Physics. --- Chemistry/Food Science, general. --- Materials Science, general. --- Material science --- Physical sciences --- Quantum dynamics --- Quantum mechanics --- Quantum physics --- Physics --- Mechanics --- Thermodynamics --- Condensed materials --- Condensed media --- Condensed phase --- Materials, Condensed --- Media, Condensed --- Phase, Condensed --- Liquids --- Matter --- Solids --- Quantum liquids. --- Liquids, Quantum --- Low temperatures --- Quantum statistics

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This thesis presents an exact theoretical study of dynamical correlation functions in different phases of a two-dimensional quantum spin liquid. By calculating the dynamical spin structure factor and the Raman scattering cross section, this thesis shows that there are salient signatures—qualitative and quantitative—of the Majorana fermions and the gauge fluxes emerging as effective degrees of freedom in the exactly solvable Kitaev honeycomb lattice model. The model is a representative of a class of spin liquids with Majorana fermions coupled to Z2 gauge fields. The qualitative features of the response functions should therefore be characteristic for this broad class of topological states.

Electricity & Magnetism --- Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Quantum theory. --- Quantum liquids. --- Liquids, Quantum --- Quantum dynamics --- Quantum mechanics --- Quantum physics --- Low temperatures --- Quantum statistics --- Mechanics --- Thermodynamics --- Magnetism. --- Strongly Correlated Systems, Superconductivity. --- Magnetism, Magnetic Materials. --- Quantum Field Theories, String Theory. --- Mathematical physics --- Electricity --- Magnetics --- Superconductivity. --- Superconductors. --- Magnetic materials. --- Quantum field theory. --- String theory. --- Models, String --- String theory --- Nuclear reactions --- Relativistic quantum field theory --- Field theory (Physics) --- Quantum theory --- Relativity (Physics) --- Materials --- Superconducting materials --- Superconductive devices --- Cryoelectronics --- Electronics --- Solid state electronics --- Electric conductivity --- Critical currents --- Superfluidity

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The study of quantum fluids, stimulated by the discovery of superfluidity in liquid helium, has experienced renewed interest after the observation of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in ultra-cold atomic gases and the observation a new type of quantum fluid with specific characteristics derived from its intrinsic out-of-equilibrium nature. The main objective of this book is to take a snapshot of the state-of-the-art of this fast moving field with a special emphasis on the hot topics and new trends. Bringing together the most active specialists of the two areas (atomic and polaritonic quantum fluids), we expect that this book will facilitate the exchange and the collaboration between these two communities working on subjects with very strong analogies.

Quantum liquids. --- Quantum statistics. --- Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Atomic Physics --- Liquids, Quantum --- Quantum statistical mechanics --- Physics. --- Quantum physics. --- Phase transformations (Statistical physics). --- Condensed materials. --- Condensed matter. --- Solid state physics. --- Phase transitions (Statistical physics). --- Low temperature physics. --- Low temperatures. --- Materials science. --- Solid State Physics. --- Quantum Gases and Condensates. --- Quantum Physics. --- Phase Transitions and Multiphase Systems. --- Low Temperature Physics. --- Materials Science, general. --- Low temperatures --- Quantum statistics --- Matrix mechanics --- Statistical mechanics --- Wave mechanics --- Quantum theory. --- Materials. --- Quantum dynamics --- Quantum mechanics --- Quantum physics --- Mechanics --- Thermodynamics --- Engineering --- Engineering materials --- Industrial materials --- Engineering design --- Manufacturing processes --- Materials --- Phase changes (Statistical physics) --- Phase transitions (Statistical physics) --- Phase rule and equilibrium --- Statistical physics --- Solids --- Condensed materials --- Condensed media --- Condensed phase --- Materials, Condensed --- Media, Condensed --- Phase, Condensed --- Liquids --- Matter --- Material science --- Physical sciences --- Cryogenics --- Low temperature physics --- Temperatures, Low --- Temperature --- Cold