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Marine algae --- Ligurian Sea

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Plants --- Zoophyta --- Italy --- Liguria --- Ligurian Sea

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The application of advanced techniques to the study of ancient materials has increasingly led to a range of fundamental to deeper knowledge on artistic and historic artefacts, contributing to their conservation and restoration. An important role is played by materials science: scientific techniques developed in this field allow a multidisciplinary approach in archaeology, history of art, and conservation. By studying the materials that constitute an artefact, a great amount of information relevant to a work of art can be accessed, such as the elements and compounds with which it was made and their level of degradation by the time of the examination. The final goal is the possibility of determining the chronology of the making of the various parts of a work of art, its provenance, the techniques of realization, the attribution to an author, and the method of intervention for restoration. This Special Issue collects papers dealing with the application of materials science to different types of human artefacts, such as ceramics, glass, paintings, and metal objects. The considered topics range from instrumentation and technical developments to case studies and methodological innovations, from theoretical simulations to new data handling.

characterization --- ceramic --- glaze --- tin opacified --- cuerda seca --- lead isotopes --- SEM --- ICP-QMS --- Islamic --- obsidian --- sourcing --- trade and exchange --- pXRF --- trace elements --- Italy --- central Mediterranean --- Neolithic --- prehistory --- thermoluminescence --- dating --- clay-core --- bronze statue --- Leonardo da Vinci --- drawing --- multispectral reflectography --- microprofilometry --- optical coherence tomography --- archaeological glass --- archaeometry --- VIS–RS --- SEM–EDS --- Raman spectroscopy --- XRPD --- EPMA --- LA–ICP–MS --- dice --- gaming pieces --- Ligurian --- Etruscan --- clay spheres --- n/a --- VIS-RS --- SEM-EDS --- LA-ICP-MS

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In the last few centuries, the study of sea-level changes along the world's shores has been a primary scientific focus in analyses of climate change, but also for scientists exploring past landscape evolution, geomorphological processes, human impacts, and system responses. The relative variation in sea level derives as a result of global, regional, and local processes. All these processes are spatially and temporally variable and cause complex sea-level changes at both regional and local scales. A multidisciplinary approach addressed to palaeo sea-level reconstructions at regional and local scale is the best method to understand the role of natural and anthropogenic forcing in the landscape evolution, as well as to discover the historical human adaptions to natural modifications of the landscape. Definitely, investigating these regional and local patterns is mandatory to reconstruct possible scenarios of the relative sea level rise impacts and to prepare the adaptation of coastal communities threatened by future climate changes. The aim of this Special Issue has been to collect contributions addressing and discussing methodological and multi-disciplinary approaches to studying the regional and local coastal modifications in relation to historical and recent relative sea-level changes to hypothesize future trends.

Research & information: general --- Environmental economics --- sea-level rise --- Mediterranean Sea --- tide gauges --- natural variability --- vertical land motion --- Mississippi River Delta --- Louisiana --- salinity --- sediment --- wetland loss --- estuary --- diversion --- environmental planning --- coastal restoration --- sea level --- coastal erosion --- coastal morphometry --- Baltic Sea --- coastal changes --- vertical ground movements --- geoarchaeology --- 3D model --- relative sea level changes --- Campi Flegrei --- Holocene --- coastal lagoon --- geochronology --- sea level change --- bio-indicators --- climate change --- adaptation costs --- investment decision --- Spain and Portugal coastal cities --- uncertainty --- stochastic model --- coastal dynamics --- erosion --- accretion --- submersion --- boulders --- Medicane --- flow --- UAV --- waves --- coastal barrier --- continuous backstepping pattern --- incised valley --- sapropel S1 --- coastal plains --- relative sea-level rise --- 2100 --- marine submersion --- tide-gauges --- atmospheric variability --- Tyrrhenian sea --- interannual variations --- acqua alta --- well log correlation --- late Quaternary environments --- sea-level changes --- Volturno plain --- southern Italy --- geomorphological coastal changes --- sea storm effects --- integrated 3D remote sensing surveys --- sedimentary dynamics --- western Ligurian sea --- n/a

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In the last few centuries, the study of sea-level changes along the world's shores has been a primary scientific focus in analyses of climate change, but also for scientists exploring past landscape evolution, geomorphological processes, human impacts, and system responses. The relative variation in sea level derives as a result of global, regional, and local processes. All these processes are spatially and temporally variable and cause complex sea-level changes at both regional and local scales. A multidisciplinary approach addressed to palaeo sea-level reconstructions at regional and local scale is the best method to understand the role of natural and anthropogenic forcing in the landscape evolution, as well as to discover the historical human adaptions to natural modifications of the landscape. Definitely, investigating these regional and local patterns is mandatory to reconstruct possible scenarios of the relative sea level rise impacts and to prepare the adaptation of coastal communities threatened by future climate changes. The aim of this Special Issue has been to collect contributions addressing and discussing methodological and multi-disciplinary approaches to studying the regional and local coastal modifications in relation to historical and recent relative sea-level changes to hypothesize future trends.

Research & information: general --- Environmental economics --- sea-level rise --- Mediterranean Sea --- tide gauges --- natural variability --- vertical land motion --- Mississippi River Delta --- Louisiana --- salinity --- sediment --- wetland loss --- estuary --- diversion --- environmental planning --- coastal restoration --- sea level --- coastal erosion --- coastal morphometry --- Baltic Sea --- coastal changes --- vertical ground movements --- geoarchaeology --- 3D model --- relative sea level changes --- Campi Flegrei --- Holocene --- coastal lagoon --- geochronology --- sea level change --- bio-indicators --- climate change --- adaptation costs --- investment decision --- Spain and Portugal coastal cities --- uncertainty --- stochastic model --- coastal dynamics --- erosion --- accretion --- submersion --- boulders --- Medicane --- flow --- UAV --- waves --- coastal barrier --- continuous backstepping pattern --- incised valley --- sapropel S1 --- coastal plains --- relative sea-level rise --- 2100 --- marine submersion --- tide-gauges --- atmospheric variability --- Tyrrhenian sea --- interannual variations --- acqua alta --- well log correlation --- late Quaternary environments --- sea-level changes --- Volturno plain --- southern Italy --- geomorphological coastal changes --- sea storm effects --- integrated 3D remote sensing surveys --- sedimentary dynamics --- western Ligurian sea