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The book is aimed at description of recent progress in studies of light extinction, absorption, and scattering in turbid media. In particular, light scattering/oceanic optics/planetary optics research communities are greatly benefit from the publication of this book.

Optics. --- Earth sciences. --- Geography. --- Applied Optics. --- Earth and Environmental Sciences. --- Light-Matter Interaction. --- Cosmography --- Earth sciences --- World history --- Geosciences --- Environmental sciences --- Physical sciences --- Physics --- Light

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Prototypical quantum optics models, such as the Jaynes–Cummings, Rabi, Tavis–Cummings, and Dicke models, are commonly analyzed with diverse techniques, including analytical exact solutions, mean-field theory, exact diagonalization, and so on. Analysis of these systems strongly depends on their symmetries, ranging, e.g., from a U(1) group in the Jaynes–Cummings model to a Z2 symmetry in the full-fledged quantum Rabi model. In recent years, novel regimes of light–matter interactions, namely, the ultrastrong and deep-strong coupling regimes, have been attracting an increasing amount of interest. The quantum Rabi and Dicke models in these exotic regimes present new features, such as collapses and revivals of the population, bounces of photon-number wave packets, as well as the breakdown of the rotating-wave approximation. Symmetries also play an important role in these regimes and will additionally change depending on whether the few- or many-qubit systems considered have associated inhomogeneous or equal couplings to the bosonic mode. Moreover, there is a growing interest in proposing and carrying out quantum simulations of these models in quantum platforms such as trapped ions, superconducting circuits, and quantum photonics. In this Special Issue Reprint, we have gathered a series of articles related to symmetry in quantum optics models, including the quantum Rabi model and its symmetries, Floquet topological quantum states in optically driven semiconductors, the spin–boson model as a simulator of non-Markovian multiphoton Jaynes–Cummings models, parity-assisted generation of nonclassical states of light in circuit quantum electrodynamics, and quasiprobability distribution functions from fractional Fourier transforms.

microwave photons --- n/a --- circuit quantum electrodynamics --- fractional Fourier transform --- spin-boson model --- reconstruction of the wave function --- multiphoton processes --- quantum entanglement --- topological excitations --- Floquet --- light–matter interaction --- semiconductors --- quasiprobability distribution functions --- dynamical mean field theory --- global spectrum --- superconducting circuits --- Jaynes-Cummings model --- quantum Rabi model --- quantum simulation --- non-equilibrium --- stark-effect --- integrable systems --- light-matter interaction

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This book presents a new approach to understanding the foundation of quantum physics through the "quantum wave model" hypothesis. It addresses some of the key challenges in the current quantum theory, including the conflict between quantum mechanics and relativity, and offers a comprehensive solution to many of the existing mysteries in the field. By proposing that the vacuum is a dielectric medium and quantum particles are quantized excitation waves of the vacuum, the book provides a clear physical interpretation of wave-particle duality and explains the physical basis of energy, momentum, and mass. With topics ranging from the physical foundation of quantum mechanics to the derivation of the quantum wave equations and the resolution of the conflict between quantum physics and relativity, this book offers a comprehensive overview of the most pressing issues in the field. Written at a level accessible to undergraduate students and senior researcher scientists alike, this book offers a valuable resource for anyone seeking a deeper understanding of quantum mechanics and its fundamental role in shaping our understanding of the physical world.

Quantum theory. --- Wave mechanics. --- Quantum physics. --- General relativity (Physics). --- Electrodynamics. --- Optics. --- Elementary particles (Physics). --- Quantum field theory. --- Fundamental concepts and interpretations of QM. --- General Relativity. --- Classical Electrodynamics. --- Light-Matter Interaction. --- Elementary Particles, Quantum Field Theory.

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This book discusses analytic and asymptotic methods relevant to radiative transfer in dilute media, such as stellar and planetary atmospheres. Several methods, providing exact expressions for the radiation field in a semi-infinite atmosphere, are described in detail and applied to unpolarized and polarized continuous spectra and spectral lines. Among these methods, the Wiener–Hopf method, introduced in 1931 for a stellar atmospheric problem, is used today in fields such as solid mechanics, diffraction theory, or mathematical finance. Asymptotic analyses are carried out on unpolarized and polarized radiative transfer equations and on a discrete time random walk. Applicable when photons undergo a large number of scatterings, they provide criteria to distinguish between large-scale diffusive and non-diffusive behaviors, typical scales of variation of the radiation field, such as the thermalization length, and specific descriptions for regions close and far from boundaries. Its well organized synthetic view of exact and asymptotic methods of radiative transfer makes this book a valuable resource for both graduate students and professional scientists in astrophysics and beyond.

Radiative transfer. --- Radiative transfer --- Data processing. --- Transfer, Radiative --- Astrophysics --- Geophysics --- Heat --- Radiation --- Transport theory --- Radiation and absorption --- Mathematical physics. --- Astrophysics. --- Thermodynamics. --- Heat engineering. --- Heat transfer. --- Mass transfer. --- Optics. --- Mathematical Methods in Physics. --- Engineering Thermodynamics, Heat and Mass Transfer. --- Light-Matter Interaction. --- Physics --- Light --- Mass transport (Physics) --- Thermodynamics --- Heat transfer --- Thermal transfer --- Transmission of heat --- Energy transfer --- Mechanical engineering --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Dynamics --- Mechanics --- Heat-engines --- Quantum theory --- Astronomical physics --- Astronomy --- Cosmic physics --- Physical mathematics --- Mathematics

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The Special Issue contains theoretical and experimental works that report on studies of impurities in quantum gases, fundamental properties and universal aspects of quasiparticles and other related many-body phenomena. Particular focus is placed on the Fermi and Bose polarons. The Special Issue contains ten research articles and two reviews. M. G. Skou et al. report on the experimental observation of time dynamics of Bose polarons. Theoretical studies by H. Tajima et al., L. A. Ardila, and G. Panochko and V. Pastukhov touch upon the physics of multiple impurities, in particular, the induced impurity–impurity interactions in different spatial dimensions and the formation of multi-polaron states. G. M. Koutentakis et al. elaborate on the phenomenon of temporal orthogonality catastrophe in low dimensions. Polaritons in an electron gas are discussed by M. A. Bastarrachea-Magnani et al. M. Brooks et al. describe the emergence of anyons originating from angulons. F. Scazza et al. provide an overview of our current understanding of repulsive Bose and Fermi polarons. C. D’Errico and M. G. Tarallo explicate the effects of disorder in bosonic systems. The Special Issue also includes studies of correlated atom pairs in bosonic mixtures by O. Alon, the behavior of the three-body decay rate coefficients into shallow dimers in mass-imbalanced three-atom systems by P. Giannakeas and C. H. Greene, population and angular momentum transfer in Raman-coupled Bose–Einstein condensates by K. Mukherjee et al.

Research & information: general --- Physics --- Bose–Einstein condensate --- Laguerre–Gaussian --- Raman transition --- cold atoms --- light–matter interaction --- particle transfer --- density pattern --- polaron --- impurity --- spectroscopy of quasiparticles --- interpolaron correlations --- quantum depletion --- ultracold atoms --- Fermi degenerate gases --- Bose–Einstein condensates --- impurity dynamics --- ramsey interferometry --- polarons --- polariton --- Fermi polaron --- Landau theory --- quasiparticle interactions --- mixtures --- identical-boson pairs --- distinguishable-boson pairs --- natural geminals --- natural orbitals --- reduced density matrices --- intra-species reduced density matrices --- inter-species reduced density matrices --- fragmentation --- condensation --- infinite-particle-number limit --- harmonic-interaction models --- pair fragmentation --- Schmidt decomposition --- center-of-mass --- relative center-of-mass --- anyons --- quasiparticles --- Quantum Hall Effect --- topological states of matter --- few-body collisions --- Efimov effect --- mass-imbalanced systems --- recombination --- cold gases in optical lattices --- quantum phase transitions --- disordered systems --- Bose polaron --- pattern formation --- temporal orthogonality catastrophe --- Lee-Low-Pines transformation --- mobile and immobile impurities --- Bose polaron and bipolaron --- effective field theory approach --- induced interaction --- polaron–polaron interaction --- gas of impurities --- quantum–Monte Carlo --- Fermi polarons --- Bose polarons --- repulsive interactions --- metastable quasiparticles --- quasiparticle lifetime --- mediated interactions --- repulsive Fermi gas --- ultracold atomic mixtures