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Liaoning Sheng (China) --- China --- Antiquities

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Le " miracle " chinois suscite des commentaires dithyrambiques ou des inquiétudes en proportion. Mais 1a Chine ne se réduit pas à la croissance vertigineuse de Shanghai ou de Canton. Cette longue enquête de terrain à Shenvang, bastion industriel de l'ancienne économie socialiste, durement éprouvé par le passage 'a l'économie de marché, montre que la " transition chinoise " est faite de contrastes et de complexités. Les entreprises d'État restent au centre des réformes. Elles contribuent au développement du secteur privé tout en amortissant le choc des privatisations. Elles permettent à l'Etat de mettre en place une nouvelle couverture sociale et de renégocier son rôle d'arbitre des conflits du travail. Ces derniers sont légion : retards dans le paiement des salaires, faillites, manifestations ouvrières font partie du lot quotidien. En définitive la longue marche de la Chine vers l'économie de marché, qui a été officiellement instaurée pour cause d'entrée dans l'OMC, ne se ramène pas au désengagement de l'Etat. Celui-ci reste présent au cour d'une économie qui, en fait, demeure " socialiste de marché " en dépit de son nouvel affichage. Accordant une large place aux stratégies et aux représentations des acteurs eux-mêmes, cet ouvrage apporte un éclairage neuf et nuancé sur la nouvelle révolution chinoise, industrielle celle-ci, mais aussi lourde de conséquences sur notre monde que le fut la révolution communiste de 1949. Antoine Kernen est maître d'enseignement et de recherche à l'Université de Lausanne et chargé de cours à l'Institut universitaire du développement à Genève. Il a consacré ses premiers travaux aux petits entrepreneurs privés. Il poursuit désormais sa sociologie économique de la " transition " chinoise eu étudiant le processus de privatisation et les entreprises d'Etat.

Privatization --- Government business enterprises --- Shenyang (Liaoning Sheng, China) --- Economic conditions.

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"Nonfarm activity plays an increasingly important role in rural household income. Based on data from the Living Standards Measurement Study in the provinces of Hebei and Liaoning, the authors study the distribution of nonfarm income in rural China. First, they assume nonfarm income as an exogenous transfer to total income to decompose the Gini index. Second, they assume nonfarm income as a potential substitute for farm income to take household choices into account and simulate household income. The results show that nonfarm activity reduces rural income inequality by raising the income of poor households to a larger extent than that of rich households. Improving rural infrastructure and implementing universal basic education are critical to build up the capacity of households (in particular, poor households) to participate in nonfarm activity. Strengthening the links between farm activity and nonfarm activity is essential to optimize the contribution of nonfarm activity to pro-poor rural economic development. "--World Bank web site.

China --- Hebei Sheng (China) --- Liaoning Sheng (China) --- Economic conditions --- Rural conditions. --- Rural conditions.

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"The civil war in China that ended in the 1949 victory of Mao Zedong's Communist forces was a major blow to US interests in the Far East and led to heated recriminations about how China was 'lost.' Despite their significance, there have been few studies in English of the war's major campaigns. The Liao-Shen Campaign was the final act in the struggle for control of China's northeast. After the Soviet defeat of Japan in Manchuria, Communist Chinese and then Nationalist troops moved into this strategically important area. China's largest industrial base and a major source of coal, Manchuria had extensive railways and key ports (both still under Soviet control). When American mediation over control of Manchuria failed, full-scale civil war broke out. By spring of 1946, Chiang Kai-shek's Nationalist armies had occupied most of the southern, economically developed part of Manchuria, pushing Communist forces north of the Songhua (Sungari) River. But over the next two years, the tide would turn. The Communists isolated the Nationalist armies and mounted a major campaign aimed at destroying the Kuomintang forces. This is the story of that campaign and its outcome, which were to have such far-reaching consequences"--Provided by publisher.

Civil War (China : 1945-1949) --- China --- Liaoning Sheng (China) --- Manchuria (China) --- History --- Campaigns. --- History, Military

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"Traces the history of Japan's prewar Manchurian empire over four decades, mapping how South Manchuria--and especially its principal city, Dairen--was naturalized as a Japanese space and revealing how this process ultimately contributed to the success of the Japanese army's early 1930s takeover of Manchuria. Simultaneously, the book demonstrates the conditional nature of popular support for Kwantung Army state-building in Manchukuo, highlighting the settlers' determination that the Kwantung Leasehold and Railway Zone remain separate from the project of total empire"--Provided by the publisher.

Colonists --- Japanese --- Imperialism --- Political activity --- History --- Minami Manshū Tetsudō Kabushiki Kaisha --- Japan. --- Dalian (Liaoning Sheng, China) --- Kwantung Leased Territory --- Japan --- Manchuria (China) --- Colonies --- Relations