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"In 1912, Italy occupied Rhodes, an Ottoman town inhabited by Greek Orthodox, Muslims, Jews, and Catholics. Rhodes became a territory of Italy’s empire in 1923 following the Treaty of Lausanne, only one year after Mussolini seized power in Rome. The Ottoman demise corresponded to the expansion of Fascist imperialism in the Mediterranean. Both the Ottoman Young Turks and Italian colonial governors invoked the role of a “new generation” of youth in imperial rule. Generations of Empire investigates the relationship between state and society in light of successive transformations of imperial rule, rethinking Italian colonialism as post-Ottoman history. Andreas Guidi explores how communal life on Rhodes and other islands of the Southern Aegean were affected by the islands’ transition between these regimes, from Muslim empire to military occupation to fascist annexation. Based on archival sources in five languages from seven countries, the book investigates generational dynamics in the domains of political activism, the family, education, work and leisure, and mobility. Generations of Empire offers a vivid picture of how a local society navigated large-scale social and political transformations in the modern Mediterranean."--

Italiens --- Familles --- Jeunesse --- Italians --- Families --- Students --- Youth --- Histoire --- Conditions economiques --- Activite politique --- History --- Economic conditions --- Political activity --- Greece --- Rhodes (Grece : Île) --- Rhodes (Greece : Island) --- Moeurs et coutumes --- Social life and customs --- Dodecanese. --- Fascist colonialism. --- Italy. --- Late Ottoman Empire. --- Mediterranean. --- Mussolini. --- Ottoman Empire. --- Ottoman Young Turks. --- Rhodes. --- Treaty of Lausanne. --- generations. --- imperial. --- post-Ottoman history. --- youth. --- 1900-1999

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When Mustafa Kemal Atatürk became the first president of Turkey in 1923, he set about transforming his country into a secular republic where nationalism sanctified by science--and by the personality cult Atatürk created around himself--would reign supreme as the new religion. This book provides the first in-depth look at the intellectual life of the Turkish Republic's founder. In doing so, it frames him within the historical context of the turbulent age in which he lived, and explores the uneasy transition from the late Ottoman imperial order to the modern Turkish state through his life and ideas. Shedding light on one of the most complex and enigmatic statesmen of the modern era, M. Sükrü Hanioglu takes readers from Atatürk's youth as a Muslim boy in the volatile ethnic cauldron of Macedonia, to his education in nonreligious and military schools, to his embrace of Turkish nationalism and the modernizing Young Turks movement. Who was this figure who sought glory as an ambitious young officer in World War I, defied the victorious Allies intent on partitioning the Turkish heartland, and defeated the last sultan? Hanioglu charts Atatürk's intellectual and ideological development at every stage of his life, demonstrating how he was profoundly influenced by the new ideas that were circulating in the sprawling Ottoman realm. He shows how Atatürk drew on a unique mix of scientism, materialism, social Darwinism, positivism, and other theories to fashion a grand utopian framework on which to build his new nation.Now with a new preface, this book provides the first in-depth look at the intellectual life of the Turkish Republic's founder.

Social change --- History --- Atatürk, Kemal, --- Political and social views. --- Knowledge and learning. --- 1900-1999 --- Turkey --- Politics and government --- Intellectual life --- Social conditions --- Allied diplomacy. --- Committee of Union and Progress. --- Darwinism. --- European Turkey. --- Great Britain. --- Great War. --- Islam. --- Kemalism. --- Late Ottoman. --- Muslims. --- Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. --- Ottoman Westernizers. --- Ottoman empire. --- Ottoman military. --- Ottoman order. --- Ottoman society. --- Ottomans. --- Royal Military Academy. --- Salonica. --- Staff Officer College. --- Turkey. --- Turkish Republic. --- Turkish War of Independence. --- Turkish historiography. --- Turkish nationalism. --- Turkish nationalist movement. --- Turkish republic. --- Turkish transformation. --- Vulgärmaterialismus. --- Western civilization. --- Westernization. --- Young Turk movement. --- Young Turks movement. --- army. --- civic religion. --- cults. --- heroism. --- ideology. --- institutional membership. --- intellectual development. --- intellectual transformation. --- intellectual utopia. --- kōgeki seishin. --- materialism. --- military education. --- modern Turkey. --- nationalism. --- offensive wars. --- pan-Islamic leadership. --- polygamy. --- positivism. --- primary education. --- scientism. --- secular republic. --- secularism. --- social Darwinism. --- social milieu. --- social transformation.