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The last-mile delivery market is characterized by disruptive changes and trends, like the unstoppable enormous growth of e-commerce orders in the upcoming years as well as changing customer needs, demanding new delivery services like same-day or instant delivery. Based on these profound transformation of the market, new technologies are on the rise changing the area of overcoming the last mile– the delivery service to the customer’s home. One out of the most promising solutions is the usage of robots for the task of delivery. For a successful deployment of delivery robots, the end-consumer acceptance is of crucial importance. The acceptance and usage of the robot is mainly impacted by an individual’s trust towards them. Therefore, examining the creation of trust in delivery robots is of high importance for delivery companies, considering the implementation of such autonomous systems. The aim of the present research is to identify factors which influence an individual’s trust in delivery robots. Therefore, the following research question has been defined: which factors affect the degree of trust towards robots in the area of last-mile delivery? Based on the trust theory, claiming that an individual’s level of trust depends on factors related to the trustor, the trustee and the trust situation, a research model has been developed, including several trust creating factors divided within the three overall categories. The categories have been adjusted to the case of last-mile delivery, namely: human-related factors, robot-related factors and situational factors. In order to answer the research question, an online survey has been conducted with end-consumers in the area of last-mile delivery. The participants responses have been analysed using a multiple regression analysis. The results revealed, that all of the three defined categories have an impact on the level of trust towards delivery robots. Individuals trust delivery robots more if they already perceive them as being useful for the task of delivery. Furthermore, a positive attitude towards new technologies in general supports the individuals trust in delivery robots. Individual’s also express a higher level of trust in delivery robots, when their upcoming actions are more predictable. Finally, individuals tend not to trust delivery robots to deliver hedonic goods, while they trust them to deliver utilitarian goods. Delivery companies considering the deployment of delivery robots should take into account the deployment of human-robot collaborations as well as implementing an opportunity to reveal the robots upcoming actions in order to overcome trust issues. Further research should focus on examining factors like gender, age, experience with autonomous systems and the area of living.
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The increased demand for parcel deliveries, caused by the growing e-commerce market, poses great challenges for the last-mile delivery. For this reason, in the upcoming years the capacity of the last-mile delivery systems will have to expand enormously and the burden on infrastructure will increase. This causes an increase in congested streets, air pollution and noise pollution. Additionally, the efficiency of the last-mile delivery suffers due to high costs and a poor capacity utilization of delivery vehicles. Within the next few years, the e-commerce market is likely to grow continuously and this will further aggravate the challenges in the last-mile delivery. This causes a need for transformation of the last-mile delivery. While millions of parcels are transported by logistics service providers to their recipients everyday, travelers and commuters are on their way with a non-exploited capacity. The passenger transportation is underutilized and free capacities are available. In order to utilize these free capacities a crowdsourcing concept for the logistics sector is conceivable. Parcels which need to be shipped from an origin to a destination can be matched with individuals travelling for instance, to work, on the same route. In this move the crowd transports parcels and hereby the transportation and delivery of parcels by postman is shifted to private individuals. In the best case transportation on the last-mile can be rationalized. Hereby, traffic utilization can be improved while empty runs can be decreased. Potential benefits to society, companies and consumers are conceivable. For the purpose to successfully implement such a crowdshipping concept, a sufficient number of drivers is essential. For this reason, in order to attract the drivers their underlying factors for participation are of major importance. In order to investigate the deliverers underlying motivations, expectations and habits, this work pursues the question, what factors influence the crowd’s willingness to participate as last-mile crowdshipping drivers, while they are on the way. To investigate, the research question initially factors from the existing literature were identified and supplemented. The identified factors were structured in intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, shipping conditions and habits and lifestyle. By means of an online survey the crowd’s attitude towards the factors were identified. The survey investigated the potential drives willingness to participate in crowdshipping given the availability of crowdsourced delivery services in the last-mile delivery. Using t-tests, chi-squared tests and cross-classified tables to examine the survey data, factors influencing drivers’ willingness to participate in crowdshipping were identified. The factors enjoyment, sustainability, social motivation and economic benefits all may have an influence on a drivers’ willingness. Anymore the experience carrying parcels, free capacity, package size, detour as well as mode of transport contributes to the drivers’ decisions. The results of this study may help to better recruit potential crowdshipping drivers and develop business models that match the potential drivers expectations. Crowdshipping companies should consider a balance of intrinsic and extrinsic motivational factors when implementing a crowdshipping concept. Further when designing the platform the potential driver’s enjoyment and social motivation should be taken into consideration. A vital aspect is to convey a sense of sustainability. For the implementation of a crowdshipping concept, important aspects such as the detour acceptance and the readiness and capacity to transport parcels was mentioned. The most conceivable concept for implementation is the delivery by cars.
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E-commerce has opened a new era of how products are bought and delivered to customers. Vietnamese in general and Hanoian, in particular, have a habit of going to market every day for hundreds of years, to make sure that their daily food is fresh and safe to eat. However, now they no longer have to worry about how long it may take them to wait when buying a basket of fresh fruits via the internet, which they know might probably be stalled after just about half a day. 4-hour shipping or 2-hour shipping is becoming more familiar to online purchasers thanks to the development of advanced technology. Delivery time, which used to make Hanoian going out shopping by themselves to get things needed as soon as possible, now seems to encourage them just stay at home, scroll the screen, click to add to cart and pay when receiving what they buy. This significant innovation has set a higher level of satisfaction in the logistics and supply chain industry, with the expectation of customers in express delivery service of different businesses, making them become their regular buyers. It can be said that the shopping experience of customers today is completing with the same-day delivery service.
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Last Mile delivery represents a particularly complex part of the process of the Supply Chain for a company. It can be described as a multi-objectives problem dealing with environment, cost, congestion, implementation and social impact. All of them should be considered on the process of delivery of a company. Especially in urban city-centres, with the growth of e- commerce, the concept of delivery must change in order to fit the needs of tomorrow. In collaboration with Proximus, this thesis aims to find alternatives of the current delivery method.
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Last mile logistics (LML) is a very complex and inefficient part of logistics, thus this subject is often studied in the literature. The subject of first mile logistics (FML) is also gaining interest, as its complexity is increasing due to the growth of e-commerce. The objective of this thesis is to identify first and last mile solutions that could improve the sustainability of these segments of logistics. First, key performance indicators (KPIs) that can be used to measure the sustainability of the first and last mile were identified and classified based on the three aspects of sustainability: economic, environmental and social. Many of these indicators, such as the distance traveled and the CO2 emissions, are interrelated and can influence each other. Then, several solutions were highlighted: crowdshipping, parcel lockers, electric vehicles (EVs), cargo bikes, urban consolidation centers (UCCs) and passenger/freight transport integration. For each solution, the benefits, KPIs impacted and barriers to its implementation were identified. The results were obtained by analyzing the literature, and were validated and supplemented by qualitative interviews with several logistics operators. In practice, several solutions, such as electric vehicles and cargo bikes, can be used for the first mile pickup, especially in the context of reverse logistics. We can also observe that these solutions are often combined. Finally, in the conclusion, the key results are summarized, the limitations of this thesis are presented and areas for future research are suggested.
sustainability --- first mile pickup --- last mile delivery --- crowdshipping --- parcel lockers --- electric vehicles --- cargo bikes --- urban consolidation centers --- passenger/freight integration --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Production, distribution & gestion de la chaîne logistique
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With Internet becoming the destination of choice for many consumers, online retailers cannot afford to become complacent about the impact that delivery management can have on their strategies. When it comes to competing in an increasingly overcrowded online environment, delivery can prove to be an important catalyst as it helps online retailers to provide an outstanding customer experience. This project-thesis focuses on the improvement of the delivery offering proposed by Clarins in order to enhance the customer experience. A better customer experience will normally lead to a better customer satisfaction which in turn will help to cultivate customer loyalty. In the first place, a review of the scientific literature is performed in order to prove that last-mile delivery is an important aspect of the e-Commerce business. Afterwards, reports about online customer preferences are gathered. The purpose is to gain insights into what the customers with regard to delivery. Today’s highly experienced and difficult-to-satisfy customers desire more convenient and faster delivery options, more control over the delivery, real time notifications, delivery windows, etc. A first analysis focuses on the carriers’ performance reports. Obviously, this analysis is conducted to assess the performance of the carriers. It turns out that all the carriers performed relatively well. An interesting finding concerns the responsibility of the customers for the delivery delays. Most of the time they occurred because the customers were absent from home when the delivery person showed up. A benchmark analysis is also carried out to determine where Clarins stands vis-à-vis its main competitors in terms of delivery services. The outcome is rather mixed, in particular with regard to the prices and the variety of the delivery options. Based on the customer preferences as well as on the analyses, recommendations are made. They include a change of carrier for France and the addition of new delivery options in the other countries. Propositions are also provided for parameters fully controlled by Clarins such as the price of the delivery options, a system of order tracking integrated on the websites. A chapter dedicated to last-mile delivery innovations is also included. Internet devenant la destination de choix pour beaucoup de consommateurs, les commerçants en ligne ne peuvent négliger l’impact de la gestion de la livraison sur leurs stratégies. Dans un environnement en ligne de plus en plus surpeuplé, la livraison s’avère être un catalyseur important puisqu’elle aide les commerçants à offrir une expérience client exceptionnelle. Ce mémoire-projet se concentre sur l’amélioration de l’offre proposée par Clarins en termes de services de livraison. En particulier, l’objectif est d’améliorer l’expérience client. Une meilleure expérience débouchera normalement sur une meilleure satisfaction participant à fidéliser les clients Tout d’abord, une revue de la littérature scientifique est réalisée afin de prouver que la livraison au dernier kilomètre est un aspect important de l’e-Commerce. Ensuite, des rapports ayant trait aux préférences des consommateurs sont rassemblés. L’objectif est d’avoir un aperçu de ce que les clients attendent en ce qui concerne les services de livraison. Ces derniers exigent des modes de livraison plus pratiques et plus rapides, un meilleur contrôle sur la livraison, des notifications en temps réel, des fenêtres de livraison, etc. Deuxièmement, plusieurs analyses sont effectuées. La première se concentre sur les rapports mensuels de performance des transporteurs. Bien évidemment, cette analyse vise à évaluer leur performance qui s’est avérée relativement bonne. Une constatation intéressante concerne la responsabilité des clients pour certains retards de livraison. Ces derniers sont principalement imputés à l’absence du client de son domicile au moment de la livraison. Une analyse comparative est aussi réalisée afin de déterminer où Clarins se situe par rapport à ses principaux concurrents à propos des services de livraison. Le résultat est plutôt mitigé notamment en ce qui concerne les prix et la variété des options de livraison. En se basant sur les préférences des consommateurs ainsi que sur les analyses réalisées, des recommandations sont établies. Un changement de transporteur pour la France et un ajout de nouvelles options de livraison dans les autres pays sont notamment proposés. De plus, des suggestions sont fournies pour des paramètres entièrement gérés par Clarins tels que le prix des options de livraison et un système de suivi de commandes intégré sur les sites Internet
Last-mile delivery --- delivery options --- convenience --- carriers’ performance analysis --- benchmark analysis --- last-mile delivery innovations --- customer satisfaction --- customer loyalty --- customer experience --- 3PL --- carrier --- Livraison au dernier kilomètre --- options de livraison --- convenance --- analyse de performance des transporteurs --- analyse comparative --- innovations en matière de livraison au dernier kilomètre --- expérience client --- satisfaction client --- fidélité du client --- 3PL --- transporteur --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Production, distribution & gestion de la chaîne logistique
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Sustainable industrial engineering addresses the sustainability issue from economic, environmental, and social points of view. Its application fields are the whole value chain and lifecycle of products/services, from the development to the end-of-life stages. This book aims to address many of the challenges faced by industrial organizations and supply chains to become more sustainable through reinventing their processes and practices, by continuously incorporating sustainability guidelines and practices in their decisions, such as circular economy, collaboration with suppliers and customers, using information technologies and systems, tracking their products’ life-cycle, using optimization methods to reduce resource use, and to apply new management paradigms to help mitigate many of the wastes that exist across organizations and supply chains. This book will be of interest to the fast-growing body of academics studying and researching sustainability, as well as to industry managers involved in sustainability management.
Technology: general issues --- information and communication technologies --- green supply chain --- update and sustainable --- sustainability --- green degree --- game model --- sustainable supplier selection --- DEMATEL --- ANP --- fuzzy VIKOR --- IVTFN --- hybrid information aggregation --- TBL theory --- energy intensity --- income --- education --- eco-efficiency --- circular economy --- equipment development task --- foreseeable rework --- hidden rework --- uncertainty --- complexity --- blockchain --- supply chain --- use cases --- applications --- quality level --- reliability demonstration test --- Bayesian approach --- conjugacy --- beta-binomial distribution --- sequential sampling --- one-shot devices --- finite population --- express delivery service --- last mile delivery --- pricing --- collaboration --- market share --- reverse supply chain --- collection strategy --- waste mobile phones --- evolutionary game theory --- evolution mechanism --- reward-penalty mechanism --- ammunition incineration --- down-cycling --- energetic material recycling --- industrial ecology --- life-cycle assessment --- cap-and-trade --- production --- carbon emissions reduction --- consumers’ environmental preferences --- newsvendor model --- Lean Manufacturing --- Industry 4.0 --- economic --- environmental --- and social --- structure equations modeling --- sustainable global supply chain --- single- and multi-objective optimization method --- sustainability design constraint --- software application --- real case study --- pulp and paper industry --- comparative index --- cross-country analysis --- JIT implementation --- suppliers in JIT --- operational benefits --- human factor in JIT --- material flow --- structural equation model --- carbon credit --- environmental cost accounting --- pyrolysis --- solid waste --- vendor selection --- product life cycle --- multi-objective linear programming --- multi-choice goal programming --- additive manufacturing --- social change --- social impacts --- 3D printing --- rapid prototyping --- recycling investment strategy --- demand uncertainty --- Stochastic nonlinear Programming --- Monte-Carlo based sample average approximation method --- memetic algorithm --- industrial symbiosis --- potential industrial symbiosis --- eco-industrial parks --- sustainable supply chain management --- research methods --- scientific production --- metrics --- indicators
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Sustainable industrial engineering addresses the sustainability issue from economic, environmental, and social points of view. Its application fields are the whole value chain and lifecycle of products/services, from the development to the end-of-life stages. This book aims to address many of the challenges faced by industrial organizations and supply chains to become more sustainable through reinventing their processes and practices, by continuously incorporating sustainability guidelines and practices in their decisions, such as circular economy, collaboration with suppliers and customers, using information technologies and systems, tracking their products’ life-cycle, using optimization methods to reduce resource use, and to apply new management paradigms to help mitigate many of the wastes that exist across organizations and supply chains. This book will be of interest to the fast-growing body of academics studying and researching sustainability, as well as to industry managers involved in sustainability management.
information and communication technologies --- green supply chain --- update and sustainable --- sustainability --- green degree --- game model --- sustainable supplier selection --- DEMATEL --- ANP --- fuzzy VIKOR --- IVTFN --- hybrid information aggregation --- TBL theory --- energy intensity --- income --- education --- eco-efficiency --- circular economy --- equipment development task --- foreseeable rework --- hidden rework --- uncertainty --- complexity --- blockchain --- supply chain --- use cases --- applications --- quality level --- reliability demonstration test --- Bayesian approach --- conjugacy --- beta-binomial distribution --- sequential sampling --- one-shot devices --- finite population --- express delivery service --- last mile delivery --- pricing --- collaboration --- market share --- reverse supply chain --- collection strategy --- waste mobile phones --- evolutionary game theory --- evolution mechanism --- reward-penalty mechanism --- ammunition incineration --- down-cycling --- energetic material recycling --- industrial ecology --- life-cycle assessment --- cap-and-trade --- production --- carbon emissions reduction --- consumers’ environmental preferences --- newsvendor model --- Lean Manufacturing --- Industry 4.0 --- economic --- environmental --- and social --- structure equations modeling --- sustainable global supply chain --- single- and multi-objective optimization method --- sustainability design constraint --- software application --- real case study --- pulp and paper industry --- comparative index --- cross-country analysis --- JIT implementation --- suppliers in JIT --- operational benefits --- human factor in JIT --- material flow --- structural equation model --- carbon credit --- environmental cost accounting --- pyrolysis --- solid waste --- vendor selection --- product life cycle --- multi-objective linear programming --- multi-choice goal programming --- additive manufacturing --- social change --- social impacts --- 3D printing --- rapid prototyping --- recycling investment strategy --- demand uncertainty --- Stochastic nonlinear Programming --- Monte-Carlo based sample average approximation method --- memetic algorithm --- industrial symbiosis --- potential industrial symbiosis --- eco-industrial parks --- sustainable supply chain management --- research methods --- scientific production --- metrics --- indicators
Choose an application
Sustainable industrial engineering addresses the sustainability issue from economic, environmental, and social points of view. Its application fields are the whole value chain and lifecycle of products/services, from the development to the end-of-life stages. This book aims to address many of the challenges faced by industrial organizations and supply chains to become more sustainable through reinventing their processes and practices, by continuously incorporating sustainability guidelines and practices in their decisions, such as circular economy, collaboration with suppliers and customers, using information technologies and systems, tracking their products’ life-cycle, using optimization methods to reduce resource use, and to apply new management paradigms to help mitigate many of the wastes that exist across organizations and supply chains. This book will be of interest to the fast-growing body of academics studying and researching sustainability, as well as to industry managers involved in sustainability management.
Technology: general issues --- information and communication technologies --- green supply chain --- update and sustainable --- sustainability --- green degree --- game model --- sustainable supplier selection --- DEMATEL --- ANP --- fuzzy VIKOR --- IVTFN --- hybrid information aggregation --- TBL theory --- energy intensity --- income --- education --- eco-efficiency --- circular economy --- equipment development task --- foreseeable rework --- hidden rework --- uncertainty --- complexity --- blockchain --- supply chain --- use cases --- applications --- quality level --- reliability demonstration test --- Bayesian approach --- conjugacy --- beta-binomial distribution --- sequential sampling --- one-shot devices --- finite population --- express delivery service --- last mile delivery --- pricing --- collaboration --- market share --- reverse supply chain --- collection strategy --- waste mobile phones --- evolutionary game theory --- evolution mechanism --- reward-penalty mechanism --- ammunition incineration --- down-cycling --- energetic material recycling --- industrial ecology --- life-cycle assessment --- cap-and-trade --- production --- carbon emissions reduction --- consumers’ environmental preferences --- newsvendor model --- Lean Manufacturing --- Industry 4.0 --- economic --- environmental --- and social --- structure equations modeling --- sustainable global supply chain --- single- and multi-objective optimization method --- sustainability design constraint --- software application --- real case study --- pulp and paper industry --- comparative index --- cross-country analysis --- JIT implementation --- suppliers in JIT --- operational benefits --- human factor in JIT --- material flow --- structural equation model --- carbon credit --- environmental cost accounting --- pyrolysis --- solid waste --- vendor selection --- product life cycle --- multi-objective linear programming --- multi-choice goal programming --- additive manufacturing --- social change --- social impacts --- 3D printing --- rapid prototyping --- recycling investment strategy --- demand uncertainty --- Stochastic nonlinear Programming --- Monte-Carlo based sample average approximation method --- memetic algorithm --- industrial symbiosis --- potential industrial symbiosis --- eco-industrial parks --- sustainable supply chain management --- research methods --- scientific production --- metrics --- indicators
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