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SAINT EMPIRE ROMAIN GERMANIQUE --- HENRI RASPE, LANDGRAVE DE THURINGE, 1202-1247 --- HISTOIRE --- SAINT EMPIRE ROMAIN GERMANIQUE --- HENRI RASPE, LANDGRAVE DE THURINGE, 1202-1247 --- HISTOIRE --- 1215-1250 (FREDERIC II)

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Le landgrave Philippe de Hesse (1504-1567) fut le plus actif des princes allemands ralliés à Luther et convaincus des idées de la Réforme. Son caractère entier et la puissance de sa principauté le conduisaient à jouer un rôle majeur dans les répressions des révoltes des paysans puis des anabaptistes. En 1530, il prenait la tête de la Ligue de Smalkalde réunissant les princes des villes libres opposés aux desseins de l'empereur Charles Quint. Sa fortune sembla basculer lorsque vaincu en 1547 il fut soumis àcinq ans de captivité. Revenu à la tête de ses États, il y prenait figure de chef et héros de la cause protestante dans l'Empire. Ses choix religieux, son alliance avec les rois de France renforçaient son autonomie et ses défis envers la puissance impérial e. Prince conscient de sa force institutionnelle, esprit curieux et inquiet, il fut sans conteste un personnage politique essentiel de son temps, il peut aussi être considéré comme une figure emblématique de la Renaissance. Sa biographie avait fait l'objet au XIXe siècle de travaux importants dont cependant les sources et les problématiques devaient être renouvelées aujourd'hui. Ce fut l'entreprise que Jean-Yves Mariotte, disparu prématurément, a pu toutefois mener à bien.

Philip I [Landgrave of Hesse] --- Philippe, --- Réforme protestante --- --Saint Empire romain germanique --- --Pouvoir --- --biographie --- --284.1 <43> "15" --- Lutheraanse hervorming. Reformatie van Luther--Duitsland --"15" --- 284.1 <43> "15" --- --Philip I [Landgrave of Hesse] --- Philippe (landgrave de hesse ; 1504-1567) --- Pouvoir --- Philippe, 1504-1567 --- Saint Empire romain germanique

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Manuscripts --- Chemistry --- Alchemy --- Medicine --- Bibliography --- Mss alchimie --- Mss médecine --- Mss chimie --- 091 <43 KASSEL> --- 091:54 --- 54 --- -World history --- -Universal history --- History --- Codices --- Books --- Nonbook materials --- Archival materials --- Charters --- Codicology --- Diplomatics --- Illumination of books and manuscripts --- Paleography --- Transmission of texts --- Handschriftenkunde. Handschriftencatalogi--Duitsland voor 1945 en na 1989--KASSEL --- Handschriften i.v.m. scheikunde --- Chemistry. Mineralogical sciences --- Sources --- Wilhelm IV, Landgrave of Hesse --- -Library --- Gesamthochschul-Bibliothek Kassel --- Hesse (Germany). --- Gesamthochschulbibliothek Kassel --- Murhardsche Bibliothek der Stadt Kassel und Landesbibliothek --- Universitätsbibliothek Kassel --- -Handschriftenkunde. Handschriftencatalogi--Duitsland voor 1945 en na 1989--KASSEL --- 54 Chemistry. Mineralogical sciences --- 091 <43 KASSEL> Handschriftenkunde. Handschriftencatalogi--Duitsland voor 1945 en na 1989--KASSEL --- -54 Chemistry. Mineralogical sciences --- Universal history --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Physical sciences --- Metals, Transmutation of --- Philosophers' egg --- Philosophers' stone --- Stone, Philosophers' --- Transmutation of metals --- Occultism --- Health Workforce --- Manuscripts - Germany - Kassel - Catalogs --- Chemistry - Bibliography - Catalogs --- Alchemy - Bibliography - Catalogs --- Medicine - Catalogs - Manuscripts --- Mss Kassel

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William II [Count of Holland] --- Heinrich Raspe [Holy Roman emperor] --- Heinrich Raspe, --- Willem --- Diplomatics, Latin --- Diplomatique latine --- Wilhelm, --- William --- William, --- Heinrich Raspe --- Germany --- Holy Roman Empire --- Heiliges Römisches Reich Deutscher Nation --- Heiliges Römisches Reich --- Svi︠a︡shchennai︠a︡ Rimskai︠a︡ Imperii︠a︡ --- Imperium Romano Germanicum --- S.R.I. --- Sacrum Romanum Imperium --- Austria --- Weimar Republic --- Germanii︠a︡ --- Германия --- BRD --- FRN --- Jirmānīya --- جرمانيا --- Nimechchyna --- Gjermani --- Federalʹna Respublika Nimechchyny --- Veĭmarskai︠a︡ Respublika --- Ashkenaz --- Germanyah --- Bundesrepublik Deutschland --- Federal Republic of Germany --- Deutschland --- Repoblika Federalin'i Alemana --- República Federal de Alemania --- Alemania --- República de Alemania --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh German Uls --- Kholboony Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh German Uls --- KhBNGU --- ХБНГУ --- German Uls --- Germania --- Republika Federal Alemmana --- Deutsches Reich --- Grossdeutsches Reich --- Weimarer Republik --- Vācijā --- Germany (Territory under Allied occupation, 1945-1955) --- Germany (Territory under Allied occupation, 1945-1955 : British Zone) --- Germany (Territory under Allied occupation, 1945-1955 : French Zone) --- Germany (Territory under Allied occupation, 1945-1955 : Russian Zone) --- Germany (Territory under Allied occupation, 1945-1955 : U.S. Zone) --- Germany (East) --- Germany (West) --- History --- ドイツ --- Doitsu --- ドイツ連邦共和国 --- Doitsu Renpō Kyōwakoku --- ドイツ レンポウ キョウワコク --- Deguo --- 德国 --- Gėrman --- Герман Улс --- Guillaume de Hollande, 1227-1256 --- Henri Raspe, Landgrave de Thuringe, 1202-1247 --- Oeuvres --- Edition critique

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A captivating historical look at the cultural and artistic significance of shells in early modern EuropeAmong nature's most artful creations, shells have long inspired the curiosity and passion of artisans, artists, collectors, and thinkers. Conchophilia delves into the intimate relationship between shells and people, offering an unprecedented account of the early modern era when the influx of exotic shells to Europe fueled their study and representation as never before. From elaborate nautilus cups and shell-encrusted grottoes to delicate miniatures, this richly illustrated book reveals how the love of shells intersected not only with the rise of natural history and global trade but also with philosophical inquiry, issues of race and gender, and the ascent of art-historical connoisseurship.Shells circulated at the nexus of commerce and intellectual pursuit, suggesting new ways of thinking about relationships between Europe and the rest of the world. The authors focus on northern Europe, where the interest and trade in shells had its greatest impact on the visual arts. They consider how shells were perceived as exotic objects, the role of shells in courtly collections, their place in still-life tableaus, and the connections between their forms and those of the human body. They examine how artists gilded, carved, etched, and inked shells to evoke the permeable boundary between art and nature. These interactions with shells shaped the ways that early modern individuals perceived their relation to the natural world, and their endeavors of art and knowledge.Spanning painting and print to architecture and the decorative arts, Conchophilia uncovers the fascinating ways that shells were circulated, depicted, collected, and valued, during a time of remarkable global change.

Shells. --- Collectors and collecting --- History --- Abraham Bloemaert. --- Adage. --- Adriaen Coorte. --- Aestheticism. --- Ambonese. --- Art history. --- Automaton. --- Balthasar van der Ast. --- Baruch Spinoza. --- Bernard Palissy. --- Chinese ceramics. --- Cittarium pica. --- Clara Peeters. --- Classical mythology. --- Cockle (bivalve). --- Collecting. --- Colonialism. --- Conchology. --- Cornelis. --- Crustacean. --- Depiction. --- Desiderius Erasmus. --- Dora Maar. --- Dutch Golden Age. --- Early modern Europe. --- Early modern period. --- Emblem book. --- Emblem. --- Engraving. --- Ephemerality. --- Erudition. --- Exoskeleton. --- Exoticism. --- George Vertue. --- Good Housekeeping. --- Govert Flinck. --- Greek mythology. --- Grotto. --- Handbook. --- Hendrik Goltzius. --- Hieronymus Bosch. --- Horseshoe crab. --- Illustration. --- Illustrator. --- Interior design. --- Jacob Cats. --- Jacques Callot. --- Jan Luyken. --- Jan Steen. --- Joachim Wtewael. --- John Lightfoot (biologist). --- John Tradescant the Younger. --- Kara Walker. --- Karel van Mander. --- Lacquer. --- Landgrave. --- Leonardo da Vinci. --- Levinus Vincent. --- Literature. --- Lucas van Leyden. --- Malacology. --- Martin Kemp (art historian). --- Michel de Montaigne. --- Mourning. --- New Thought. --- Petrarch. --- Petronella Oortman. --- Pierre Belon. --- Pieter de Hooch. --- Pinnidae. --- Pliny the Elder. --- Porcelain. --- Precious coral. --- Printmaking. --- Publication. --- Reginald Scot. --- Renaissance art. --- Rijksmuseum. --- Ruler. --- Shell money. --- Spanish Netherlands. --- Spontaneous generation. --- Statue. --- Still life. --- Suetonius. --- Superiority (short story). --- The Decoration of Houses. --- The Discoverie of Witchcraft. --- The Travels of Marco Polo. --- Treatise. --- Turbo marmoratus. --- Ulisse Aldrovandi. --- Vinegar. --- Visual culture. --- Wampum. --- Wenzel Jamnitzer. --- Whelk. --- Work of art. --- Writing. --- Young Man with a Skull.