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Lamarck --- Naturalists --- Lamarck, Jean Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet de, - 1744-1829 --- Lamarck, Jean Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet de, 1744-1829

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"Over the past twenty years, the role of phenotypic plasticity in Darwinian evolution has become a hotly debated topic among biologists and philosophers of science. For instance, in the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis, a new form of evolutionary theory that aims to include processes not taken into account by standard theory (the Modern Synthesis), the question of the remarkable plasticity of living beings is central. Beyond Lamarckism, Plasticity in Darwinian Evolution shows that the evolutionary impact of plasticity was in fact debated long before the emergence of the current debate on the limits of the Modern Synthesis. The question of how the plasticity of organisms could play a causal role in Darwinian evolution was raised on two separate occasions. First, around 1900, with the emergence of the theory of "organic selection". Second, during the formation of the Modern Synthesis itself, in the mid-20th century. Out of these reflections came a very large number of concepts, models, and many different terms ("organic selection", "stabilizing selection", "genetic assimilation", "Baldwin effect", etc.), which were often developed independently in various research traditions and empirical contexts. This book also looks at the reasons why these conceptions have been downplayed in the standard understanding of adaptive evolution. Showing the extraordinary complexity of this history, Beyond Lamarckism is aimed at readers interested in evolutionary theory, whether philosophers, biologists or historians"--

Criticism and interpretation. --- Evolution --- Lamarckisme --- Évolutionnisme --- Critique et interprétation --- Lamarck, Jean Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet de, 1744-1829 --- Criticism and interpretation --- Évolutionnisme --- Critique et interprétation --- Evolution (Biology) --- Phenotypic plasticity. --- History.

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Autour de 1800, la pensée du naturaliste français Jean-Baptiste Lamarck effectue une mutation remarquable qui fondera ce que l'on nommera plus tard le transformisme. L'analyse proposée ici décline, cette mutation, suivant quatre dimensions remarquables, chacune associée à des termes qui furent exceptionnellement importants pour Lamarck. : les transformations de sa " philosophie ", l'échec de son projet d'une " biologie ", c'est-à-dire d'une " physique spécifique de la vie ", la place centrale qu'il accorda aux " générations spontanées " et la " transmission des modifications acquises ", pièce cardinale de sa pensée transformiste. Curieusement, Lamarck n'a jamais utilisé le terme " hérédité " ; S'il a assurément repris une notion fort ancienne d'hérédité des caractères acquis, ce n'est qu'après sa mort que l'expression même d' " hérédité des caractères acquis " est apparue, au terme d'une histoire dans laquelle il a joué un rôle important sans en avoir été pour autant le seul acteur.

Evolution (Biology) --- Biology --- Evolution (Biologie) --- Biologie --- Philosophy --- Philosophie --- Lamarck, Jean Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet de, --- French natural philosophy --- 18th century --- Biology - Philosophy --- Lamarck, Jean Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet de, - 1744-1829 --- Lamarck (jean-baptiste de monet, chevalier de), naturaliste francais, 1744-1829 --- Critique et interpretation