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The consumption of fruits, vegetables, herbs, spices, etc., is thought to be associated with reduced risk for many human diseases, including cancers. Recently, significant advances have been made in evaluating the efficacy of natural products (compounds from natural sources) against human diseases. The purpose of this Special Issue, “Natural Products and Disease Prevention, Relief and Treatment", was to collect manuscripts concerning natural products for treating human diseases. Consequently, we have collected several high-quality manuscripts that focus on the molecular mechanisms of natural products, including their anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, antifibrotic, and anticancer effects, as well as other health beneficial effects across a wide range of human diseases. Overall, this Special Issue is an excellent source for information on promising natural products for future preclinical and clinical research into multiple diseases.

Medicine --- Pharmacology --- Rubi Fructus --- Rubus coreanus --- lipopolysaccharide --- macrophage --- ER stress --- calcium --- chop --- STAT --- cytokine --- nitric oxide --- β-glucan --- anticancer activity --- antioxidant --- anti-inflammatory --- cyclooxygenase --- lipoxygenase --- cauliflower mushroom --- breast cancer --- Spirulina --- tocotrienol --- immunomodulatory --- synergistic --- metastasis --- YG-1 extract --- bronchodilation --- fine particulate matter (PM2.5) --- acute lung injury --- airway inflammation --- pancreatic cancer --- natural product --- traditional medicine --- apoptosis --- angiogenesis --- drug resistance --- inflammation --- interleukin-6 --- sepsis --- Dracocephalum moldavica --- NASH --- lactoferrin --- fibrosis --- hepatocarcinogenesis --- connexin --- brown algae --- Sargassum plagiophyllum --- constipation --- gastrointestinal transit --- gut microbiota --- transepithelial transport --- glaucoma --- herbs --- retinal ganglion cells --- intraocular pressure --- SLC22A12 --- quercetin --- fisetin --- uricosuric activity --- anti-hyperuricemia --- functional food --- transporter --- uric acid --- health promotion --- rooibos tea --- doxorubicin --- mokko lactone --- heart --- Mokko lactone --- Dracocephalum moldavica ethanol extract --- Sparassis crispa --- fisetin and quercetin --- Sargassum plagiophyllum extract

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Applied biocatalysis and biotransformation, that is, the use of enzymes and whole-cell systems in manufacturing processes for synthetic purposes, has been experiencing a clear boom in recent years, which has led to the start of the so-called “fourth wave”. In fact, the latest advances in bioinformatics, system biology, process intensification, and, in particular, enzyme-directed evolution (encouraged by the 2018 Nobel Prize awarded to F. Arnold), are widening the range of the efficacy of biocatalysts and accelerating the rate at which new enzymes are becoming available, even for activities not previously known. European scientists have been very actively involved in different aspects of this field. Nine contributions dealing with different aspects of applied biocatalysis developed by European researchers are gathered in this Special Issue

Research & information: general --- biocatalysis --- glycosidases --- isomerases --- Pichia pastoris --- sweeteners --- rare sugars --- cheese whey --- sustainable chemistry --- penicillin acylase --- aculeacin acylase --- N-acyl-homoserine lactone acylases --- quorum quenching --- biofouling --- estolides --- castor oil --- lipase --- candida antarctica lipase A --- Arabidopsis thaliana --- hydroxynitrile lyase --- oxynitrilase --- His-tag --- immobilization --- batch --- continuous flow --- Geobacillus thermocatenolatus --- lipases --- ethanolysis --- ionic liquids --- kinetic resolution --- mandelic acid --- Aspergillus --- fermentation --- filamentous fungi --- genetic engineering --- heterologous expression --- recombinant protein --- secretion --- transcriptional regulation --- n/a --- Halohydrin dehalogenases --- conformational dynamics --- active site tunnels --- molecular dynamics simulations --- omega-3 ethyl esters --- monkfish liver oil --- COSMO-RS --- fungal resting cells --- selectivity --- ketone body ester --- asymmetric synthesis --- configuration inversion

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Applied biocatalysis and biotransformation, that is, the use of enzymes and whole-cell systems in manufacturing processes for synthetic purposes, has been experiencing a clear boom in recent years, which has led to the start of the so-called “fourth wave”. In fact, the latest advances in bioinformatics, system biology, process intensification, and, in particular, enzyme-directed evolution (encouraged by the 2018 Nobel Prize awarded to F. Arnold), are widening the range of the efficacy of biocatalysts and accelerating the rate at which new enzymes are becoming available, even for activities not previously known. European scientists have been very actively involved in different aspects of this field. Nine contributions dealing with different aspects of applied biocatalysis developed by European researchers are gathered in this Special Issue

biocatalysis --- glycosidases --- isomerases --- Pichia pastoris --- sweeteners --- rare sugars --- cheese whey --- sustainable chemistry --- penicillin acylase --- aculeacin acylase --- N-acyl-homoserine lactone acylases --- quorum quenching --- biofouling --- estolides --- castor oil --- lipase --- candida antarctica lipase A --- Arabidopsis thaliana --- hydroxynitrile lyase --- oxynitrilase --- His-tag --- immobilization --- batch --- continuous flow --- Geobacillus thermocatenolatus --- lipases --- ethanolysis --- ionic liquids --- kinetic resolution --- mandelic acid --- Aspergillus --- fermentation --- filamentous fungi --- genetic engineering --- heterologous expression --- recombinant protein --- secretion --- transcriptional regulation --- n/a --- Halohydrin dehalogenases --- conformational dynamics --- active site tunnels --- molecular dynamics simulations --- omega-3 ethyl esters --- monkfish liver oil --- COSMO-RS --- fungal resting cells --- selectivity --- ketone body ester --- asymmetric synthesis --- configuration inversion

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Applied biocatalysis and biotransformation, that is, the use of enzymes and whole-cell systems in manufacturing processes for synthetic purposes, has been experiencing a clear boom in recent years, which has led to the start of the so-called “fourth wave”. In fact, the latest advances in bioinformatics, system biology, process intensification, and, in particular, enzyme-directed evolution (encouraged by the 2018 Nobel Prize awarded to F. Arnold), are widening the range of the efficacy of biocatalysts and accelerating the rate at which new enzymes are becoming available, even for activities not previously known. European scientists have been very actively involved in different aspects of this field. Nine contributions dealing with different aspects of applied biocatalysis developed by European researchers are gathered in this Special Issue

Research & information: general --- biocatalysis --- glycosidases --- isomerases --- Pichia pastoris --- sweeteners --- rare sugars --- cheese whey --- sustainable chemistry --- penicillin acylase --- aculeacin acylase --- N-acyl-homoserine lactone acylases --- quorum quenching --- biofouling --- estolides --- castor oil --- lipase --- candida antarctica lipase A --- Arabidopsis thaliana --- hydroxynitrile lyase --- oxynitrilase --- His-tag --- immobilization --- batch --- continuous flow --- Geobacillus thermocatenolatus --- lipases --- ethanolysis --- ionic liquids --- kinetic resolution --- mandelic acid --- Aspergillus --- fermentation --- filamentous fungi --- genetic engineering --- heterologous expression --- recombinant protein --- secretion --- transcriptional regulation --- Halohydrin dehalogenases --- conformational dynamics --- active site tunnels --- molecular dynamics simulations --- omega-3 ethyl esters --- monkfish liver oil --- COSMO-RS --- fungal resting cells --- selectivity --- ketone body ester --- asymmetric synthesis --- configuration inversion --- biocatalysis --- glycosidases --- isomerases --- Pichia pastoris --- sweeteners --- rare sugars --- cheese whey --- sustainable chemistry --- penicillin acylase --- aculeacin acylase --- N-acyl-homoserine lactone acylases --- quorum quenching --- biofouling --- estolides --- castor oil --- lipase --- candida antarctica lipase A --- Arabidopsis thaliana --- hydroxynitrile lyase --- oxynitrilase --- His-tag --- immobilization --- batch --- continuous flow --- Geobacillus thermocatenolatus --- lipases --- ethanolysis --- ionic liquids --- kinetic resolution --- mandelic acid --- Aspergillus --- fermentation --- filamentous fungi --- genetic engineering --- heterologous expression --- recombinant protein --- secretion --- transcriptional regulation --- Halohydrin dehalogenases --- conformational dynamics --- active site tunnels --- molecular dynamics simulations --- omega-3 ethyl esters --- monkfish liver oil --- COSMO-RS --- fungal resting cells --- selectivity --- ketone body ester --- asymmetric synthesis --- configuration inversion

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This book covers the most recent research trends and applications of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry. The included topics range from the adulteration of dietary supplements, to the determination of drugs in biological samples with the aim to investigate their pharmacokinetic properties.

Research & information: general --- growth hormone --- long-acting Fc-fusion recombinant human growth hormone --- method validation --- cell-based bioassay --- reporter gene assay --- pharmacokinetics --- tissue distribution --- alnustone --- rats --- LC-MS/MS --- inflammatory bowel disease --- fixed-dose combination --- biomimetic chromatography --- thiopurine immunosuppressants --- folic acid --- doxorubicin --- hernandezine --- pharmacokinetic study --- drug–drug interaction --- gardneramine --- monoterpenoid indole alkaloid --- memantine --- rimantadine --- amantadine --- zone fluidics --- o-phthalaldehyde --- derivatization --- stopped-flow --- quality control --- anwuligan --- rat --- optode --- polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride --- lactone-rhodamine B --- contact-lens detergent --- dietary supplement --- adulteration --- low-field NMR --- multivariate analysis --- steroids --- Partial Least Squares regression --- in vitro permeability --- predictive model --- ketamine --- norketamine --- high throughput bar adsorptive microextraction --- LVI-GC-MS(SIM) --- urine --- baricitinib --- UPLC-MS/MS --- irbersartan --- n/a --- drug-drug interaction