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The considerable commercial importance has stimulated a plethora of research projects studying the genomics, molecular biology and metabolic engineering of these bacteria and prompted the need for this concise book which provides a timely overview of the field. Topics covered include: the genomic perspective on niche adaptability; catabolic pathways of complex carbohydrates metabolism; the production of lactate; genetics, biology of the cell envelope and applications of the S-layer proteins; lactobacilli bacteriophage; DNA transfer into Lactobacillus species; recombinant gene expression and genomics of antibiotic resistance in Lactobacillus. This book is an invaluable source of information and essential reading for everyone working with lactobacilli, lactic acid bacteria and probiotics, from the PhD student to the experienced scientist, in academia, the pharmaceutical or biotechnology industries and those working in clinical environments.

Lactobacillus. --- Lactobacillus --- Genetic engineering.

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Autolysis --- Lactobacillus acidophilus --- Autolysis --- Lactobacillus acidophilus

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Lactobacillus --- Lactobacillus --- genetic markers --- genetic markers --- phenotypes --- phenotypes --- genetic engineering --- genetic engineering --- Lactobacillus acidophilus --- Lactobacillus acidophilus

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This dissertation by Tell Jakobsson explores the complexity of the normal vaginal flora, particularly focusing on the role of Lactobacillus iners and other lactobacilli species. The study highlights the challenges in classifying vaginal flora using traditional culture methods and emphasizes the importance of molecular biology techniques for accurate species identification. Through international collaboration, the research identifies key lactobacilli species, including L. crispatus, L. gasseri, L. jensenii, and L. iners, in healthy women and examines changes in flora during IVF treatment. The findings aim to inform strategies for managing and maintaining a healthy vaginal ecosystem, particularly in the context of bacterial vaginosis. The intended audience includes medical professionals and researchers in microbiology and women's health.

Lactobacillus. --- Bacterial vaginitis.

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Functional abdominal pain (FAP) is a chronic abdominal pain that is unrelated to any anatomical or biochemical abnormalities, or any structural or metabolic disease. FAP include irritable bowel syndrome, functional dyspepsia, abdominal migraine and functional abdominal pain syndrome. These pathologies are widely encountered in the pediatric population. They have a considerable impact on the quality of life of the child and important consequences health care costs. It is therefore essential to establish an efficient and cost-management of the FAP. Therapeutic management is empirical and holistic. Given the lack of proven therapeutic options, it is crucial to look at new treatment alternatives. The involvement of the gut microbiota in the pathophysiology of FAP arouses the interest in probiotics. Indeed, some observations, such as differences in the composition and functioning of the gut in FAP patients, reinforce the hypothesis that intestinal dedicated to the study of the therapeutic interest of probiotic strains lactobacillus rhmanosus GG and lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 as new treatments of FAP in children and adolescents. Les douleurs abdominales fonctionnelles (DAF) sont des douleurs abdominales chroniques qui ne sont reliées à aucunes anomalies anatomiques ou biochimiques, ni à aucune maladie structurelle ou métabolique. Les DAF comprennent le syndrome irritable, la dyspepsie fonctionnelle, la migraine abdominale et le syndrome de douleurs abdominales fonctionnelles. Ces pathologies sont largement rencontrées dans la population pédiatrique. Elles ont un impact considérable sur la qualité de vie de l’enfant et ont également des conséquences importantes en termes de coûts de soins de santé. Il est donc primordial d’établir un plan de traitement efficace et rentable. Malheureusement, à l’heure actuelle, on ne dispose toujours pas d’un consensus concernant la prise en charge optimale des DAF. La prise en charge thérapeutique est empirique et holistique. Face au manque d’options thérapeutiques probantes, il est primordial de s’intéresser à des nouvelles alternatives de traitement. L’implication du microbiote intestinal dans la physiopathologie des DAF suscite l’intérêt pour les probiotiques. En effet, certaines observations comme les différences de composition et fonctionnement du microbiote intestinal chez les patients souffrants de DAF renforcent l’hypothèse selon laquelle une dysbiose intestinale est impliquée dans l’apparition de cette pathologie. Ce mémoire sera donc consacré à l’étude de l’intérêt thérapeutique des souches probiotiques Lactobacillus rhmanosus GG et lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 comme nouveaux traitements des DAF chez l’enfant et l’adolescent.

Abdominal Pain --- Lactobacillus rhamnosus --- Lactobacillus reuteris --- Child --- Adolescent