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This volume, the first in a new series by the National Bureau of Economic Research that compares labor markets in different countries, examines social and labor market policies in Canada and the United States during the 1980's. It shows that subtle differences in unemployment compensation, unionization, immigration policies, and income maintenance programs have significantly affected economic outcomes in the two countries. For example: -Canada's social safety net, more generous than the American one, produced markedly lower poverty rates in the 1980's. -Canada saw a smaller increase in earnings inequality than the United States did, in part because of the strength of Canadian unions, which have twice the participation that U.S. unions do. -Canada's unemployment figures were much higher than those in the United States, not because the Canadian economy failed to create jobs but because a higher percentage of nonworking time was reported as unemployment. These disparities have become noteworthy as policy makers cite the experiences of the other country to support or oppose particular initiatives.

Labour market --- Wages --- Canada --- United States --- Income maintenance programs --- Labor market --- Labor market - Canada. --- Income maintenance programs - Canada. --- income maintenance, labor, markets, immigration, unemployment compensation, unionization, unions, canada, united states, social safety net, poverty, government, nonfiction, economics, earnings inequality, need, households, skill differentials, immigrant skills, international, economy, national identity, leisure, happiness, justice, ubi, wealth gap, mobility, success. --- United States of America

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We analyze the flexibility of the Canadian labor market across provinces in both an interand intra-national context using macroeconomic data on employment, unemployment, participation, and (for Canada) migration and real wages. We find that Canadian labor markets respond in a similar manner to their U.S. counterparts and are more flexible than those in major euro area countries. Within Canada, the results indicate that labor markets in Ontario and provinces further west are more flexible, particularly with regard to migration, while those further east are less so.

Electronic books. -- local. --- Labor market -- Canada. --- Manpower policy -- Canada. --- Business & Economics --- Labor & Workers' Economics --- Labor market --- Manpower policy --- Labor --- Emigration and Immigration --- Demand and Supply of Labor: General --- Employment --- Unemployment --- Wages --- Intergenerational Income Distribution --- Aggregate Human Capital --- Aggregate Labor Productivity --- Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs: General --- International Migration --- Labour --- income economics --- Migration, immigration & emigration --- Labor markets --- Real wages --- Migration --- Labor market flexibility --- Economic theory --- Emigration and immigration --- Canada

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Demography --- Population aging --- Labor market --- Economic aspects --- Europe --- Canada --- Population --- Demography. --- Age-structured populations --- Population structurée par âge --- #SBIB:314H261 --- #SBIB:314H271 --- Demografische kenmerken: indeling volgens leeftijd --- Demografie en economische interrelaties: actieve bevolking --- Population structurée par âge --- Démographie sociale --- Age distribution (Demography) --- Répartition par âge (Démographie) --- Statistiques démographiques --- Social aspects --- Statistics --- Work --- Demographic aspects --- Congresses --- 311.94 --- 338.020 --- BE / Belgium - België - Belgique --- CA / Canada --- EEC / European Union - EU -Europese Unie - Union Européenne - UE --- Aging of population --- Aging population --- Aging society --- Demographic aging --- Graying (Demography) --- Greying (Demography) --- Historical demography --- Social sciences --- Vital statistics --- Verdeling van de bevolking naar leeftijd. Veroudering van de bevolking --- Theorie van de arbeid --- Council of Europe countries --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia --- Population aging - Economic aspects - Europe --- Population aging - Economic aspects - Canada --- Labor market - Europe --- Labor market - Canada --- Europe - Population - Statistics --- Canada - Population - Statistics --- Population active --- Vieillissement de la population --- Marché du travail --- Population active.