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Obtaining consistent estimates on poverty over time as well as monitoring poverty trends on a timely basis is a priority concern for policy makers. However, these objectives are not readily achieved in practice when household consumption data are neither frequently collected, nor constructed using consistent and transparent criteria. This paper develops a formal framework for survey-to-survey poverty imputation in an attempt to overcome these obstacles, and to elevate the discussion of these methods beyond the largely ad-hoc efforts in the existing literature. The framework introduced here imposes few restrictive assumptions, works with simple variance formulas, provides guidance on the selection of control variables for model building, and can be generally applied to imputation either from one survey to another survey with the same design, or to another survey with a different design. Empirical results analyzing the Household Expenditure and Income Survey and the Unemployment and Employment Survey in Jordan are quite encouraging, with imputation-based poverty estimates closely tracking the direct estimates of poverty.

Consumption --- E-Business --- Household Surveys --- Imputation --- Labor Force Surveys --- Poverty --- Poverty Reduction --- Private Sector Development --- Rural Poverty Reduction --- Science and Technology Development --- Statistical & Mathematical Sciences

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Since the last Ad Hoc Liaison Committee (AHLC) meeting, the PA has continued to strengthen its institutions, delivering public services and promoting reforms that many existing states struggle with. The quality of its public financial management (PFM) has further improved. Education and health in the West Bank and Gaza (WB&G) are highly developed, comparing favorably to the performance of countries in the region as well as globally. Ultimately, sustainable economic growth in WB&G can only be underpinned by a vibrant private sector. The latter will not rebound significantly while Israeli restrictions on access to natural resources and markets remain in place, and as long as investors are deterred by the increased cost of business associated with the closure regime. Education and health indicators for WB&G are impressive and reflect extensive coverage of the population, but a focus on improving the quality of these services remains warranted. Similarly, education investments take time to mature. While the PA is already implementing an education sector plan that highlights the importance of improving the quality of education, the relevance of graduates' skills remains an area requiring further attention. This report will therefore reflect on recent growth trends but also on the future trade regime and employability of the WB&G labor force.

Access to Education --- Access to Finance --- Accounting --- Audits --- Corruption --- Debt --- Debt Markets --- Domestic Debt --- Early Childhood --- Economic Development --- Employment --- Entrepreneurs --- Expenditures --- Finance and Financial Sector Development --- Financial Management --- Fiscal Policy --- Gender --- Gross Domestic Product --- Human Capital --- Human Rights --- Interest Rates --- Investment Climate --- Job Creation --- Labor Force Surveys --- Labor Market --- Labor Markets --- Labor Policies --- Legal Framework --- Legal Reform --- Legislation --- Municipalities --- Natural Resources --- Nutrition --- On-the-Job Training --- Private Sector --- Productivity --- Risk Management --- Social Protections and Labor --- Telecommunications --- Transparency --- Unemployment --- Valuations --- Wages --- Water Supply --- Younger Workers

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Inclusive growth (IG) analysis involves analyzing the available data in a country to determine the best course of action for accelerating growth and or improving the distribution of the opportunities and benefits from the growth process. In economies in which international migration is a significant trend, that determination may be especially challenging. The international migration phenomenon can contribute to (or detract from) growth and its distribution through myriad number of complex and sometimes divergent channels, and these effects can change substantially over time. The ability to analyze these impacts, however, is often significantly handicapped by a lack of appropriate data. Moreover, because the migration decision is inherently a private decision made by households in the best interest of their welfare, determining the policy conclusions based on the results of inclusive growth analysis is often unclear. Governments are rightfully wary of interfering with the migration process. This paper examines the issue of international migration in inclusive growth. The aim is to provide the practitioners of inclusive growth diagnostics a useful framework for assessing the nature of the international migration phenomenon, and to highlight the key tools utilized in evaluating its current and potential impact on shared growth.

Access to Finance --- Access to Information --- Accounting --- Banking Sector --- Brain Drain --- Business Development --- Central Banks --- Child Care --- Collateral --- Corruption --- Creditworthiness --- Debt --- Debt Management --- Developing Countries --- Economic Development --- Economic Policy --- Educational Attainment --- Employment Opportunities --- Exchange Rates --- Expenditures --- Finance and Financial Sector Development --- Financial Development --- Financial Institutions --- Financial Services --- Gender --- Health Monitoring & Evaluation --- Health, Nutrition and Population --- Host Countries --- Household Income --- Household Surveys --- Housing --- Human Capital --- Human Rights --- Immigration --- Income Inequality --- Inflation --- Insurance --- Interest Rates --- International Food Policy Research Institute --- International Migration --- Investment In Education --- Labor Force Surveys --- Labor Mobility --- Macroeconomics --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Migrant Workers --- Population Policies --- Poverty Reduction --- Productivity --- Profitability --- Remittances --- Return Migration --- Rule of Law --- Savings --- Secondary Education --- Skilled Workers --- Social Safety Nets --- Unemployment --- Urban Areas --- Wages