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Emile Zola, employé de bureau, chroniqueur, romancier besogneux... un autodidacte acharné ? En reprenant la notion d’autodidaxie dans son sens originel et en la replaçant dans son histoire au XIXe siècle, cet essai revisite le cliché littéraire qui pèse sur Zola. La décrire suppose de reconsidérer les racines culturelles d’une autoformation hors du commun, entre 1858 et 1868. A partir de 1869, avec le lancement des Rougon-Macquart, son activité d’écrivain ne met pas un terme à son apprentissage, mais témoigne plutôt d’une autodidaxie experte qui dépasse la formation initiale tout en conservant la logique exploratoire des formes artistiques. Sur l’étendue de sa carrière, l’artiste sculpte son œuvre selon un dépassement de soi, en lien avec le champ littéraire de son temps. Le montrer à partir de la genèse des grands cycles zoliens, mise en relation avec sa correspondance littéraire et le baromètre de la réception, suppose de concevoir une génétique culturelle des processus de création. 
Dans cet essai Olivier Lumbroso s’interroge sur la naissance de l’écrivain et se demande comment on le demeure grâce à des médiations qui, en dehors de l’Ecole, offrent à l’artiste les « écoles » de sa « formation permanente », dont les avant-textes sont l’un des laboratoires. Il en ressort, chez Zola, une posture de résistance contre son propre talent et un défi d’autodéveloppement, qui dépasse le métier et la doctrine naturaliste, afin de redonner de la puissance au roman et à la vie.

Space and time in literature --- French literature --- History and criticism --- Zola, Émile, --- Knowledge --- Politics and government. --- Criticism and interpretation. --- Zola, Émile, --- Politics and government --- Criticism and interpretation --- French literature - 19th century - History and criticism --- Zola, Émile, - 1840-1902 - Knowledge - Politics and government --- Zola, Émile, - 1840-1902 - Criticism and interpretation --- Zola, Émile, - 1840-1902

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Water acquisition, storage, allocation and distribution are intensely contested in our society, whether, for instance, such issues pertain to a conflict between upstream and downstream farmers located on a small stream or to a large dam located on the border of two nations. Water conflicts are mostly studied as disputes around access to water resources or the formulation of water laws and governance rules. However, explicitly or not, water conflicts nearly always also involve disputes among different philosophical views. The contributions to this edited volume have looked at the politics of contested knowledge as manifested in the conceptualisation, design, development, implementation and governance of large dams and mega-hydraulic infrastructure projects in various parts of the world. The special issue has explored the following core questions: Which philosophies and claims on mega-hydraulic projects are encountered, and how are they shaped, validated, negotiated and contested in concrete contexts? Whose knowledge counts and whose knowledge is downplayed in water development conflict situations, and how have different epistemic communities and cultural-political identities shaped practices of design, planning and construction of dams and mega-hydraulic projects? The contributions have also scrutinised how these epistemic communities interactively shape norms, rules, beliefs and values about water problems and solutions, including notions of justice, citizenship and progress that are subsequently to become embedded in material artefacts.

n/a --- politicized collective identity --- first nations --- socio-technical imaginaries --- dam --- political ecology --- STS --- irrigation --- contested knowledge --- negotiation --- Guatemala --- social construction of technology --- indigenous peoples --- multi-actor multi-scalar alliances --- vernacular statecraft --- compensation measures --- modernist traditions --- hydropower development --- agonistic unity --- Ecuador --- anti-dam resistance movements --- fantasy --- environmental governance --- collective action --- modernity --- depoliticization --- British Columbia --- hydraulic utopia --- A.O. Hirschman --- megadams --- India --- Canada --- hiding hand --- large dams --- Jacques Lacan --- commensuration --- DR Congo --- Málaga --- technological design --- Peru --- knowledge systems --- manufactured ignorance --- knowledge politics --- Himalayas --- San Lorenzo irrigation project --- politics of the governed --- North Sikkim --- uncertainty --- Bolivia --- hydrosocial territory --- psychoanalysis --- marginalization --- territorial control --- mega-dam --- hazard risk --- UnGovernance --- hydropolitics --- expectations --- power --- socioenvironmental impacts --- socio-economic impacts --- public knowledge controversies --- mega-hydraulic projects --- hydropower --- environmental impacts --- Site C --- knowledge encounters --- dam safety --- Dzumsa --- energy policy --- anti-dam movement --- hydroelectric megaprojects --- Spain --- hydraulic projects --- Chixoy irrigation project --- co-creation --- Mekong River Basin --- dehumanizing rationality --- hydroelectric development --- Inga --- territory --- knowledge arenas --- Málaga