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In recent years there has been an attempt by activists, service providers, and feminists to think about violence against women in more inclusive ways. In Knowing What We Know, activist and sociologist Gail Garfield argues that this effort has not gone far enough and that in order to understand violence, we must take the lived experiences of African American women seriously. Doing so, she cautions, goes far beyond simply adding voices of black women to existing academic and activist discourses, but rather, requires a radical shift in our knowledge of these women’s lives and the rhetoric used to describe them. Bringing together a series of life-history interviews with nine women, this unique study urges a departure from established approaches that position women as victims of exclusively male violence. Instead, Garfield explores what happens when women’s ability to make decisions and act upon those choices comes into conflict with cultural and social constraints. Chapters explore how women experience racialized or class-based violence, how these forms of violence are related to gendered violence, and what these violations mean to a woman’s sense of identity. By showing how women maintain, sustain, and in some instances regain their sense of human worth as a result of their experiences of violation, Garfield complicates the existing dialogue on violence against women in new and important ways.

African American women --- Violence against. --- Crimes against. --- Afro-American women --- Women, African American --- Women, Negro --- Women --- Interviews. --- Jordan, Barbara, --- Conversation --- Interviewing --- Jordan, Barbara Charline, --- African Americans --- Intellectual life. --- United States --- Civilization --- African American influences. --- African American intellectuals

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Thirty years ago there were nine African Americans in the U.S. House of Representatives. Today there are four times that number. In Going Home, the dean of congressional studies, Richard F. Fenno, explores what representation has meant-and means today-to black voters and to the politicians they have elected to office. Fenno follows the careers of four black representatives-Louis Stokes, Barbara Jordan, Chaka Fattah, and Stephanie Tubbs Jones-from their home districts to the halls of the Capitol. He finds that while these politicians had different visions of how they should represent their districts (in part based on their individual preferences, and in part based on the history of black politics in America), they shared crucial organizational and symbolic connections to their constituents. These connections, which draw on a sense of "linked fates," are ones that only black representatives can provide to black constituents. His detailed portraits and incisive analyses will be important for anyone interested in the workings of Congress or in black politics.

African Americans --- African American legislators --- Politics and government --- Jordan, Barbara, --- Stokes, Louis, --- Fattah, Chaka, --- Jones, Stephanie Tubbs, --- United States. --- Constituent communication --- representation, voters, black politicians, stephanie tubbs jones, chaka fattah, barbara jordan, louis stokes, district, capitol, legislators, politics, history, nonfiction, constituency, constituents, congress, communication, government, diversity, inclusion, influence, personal goals, experience, strategy, negotiation, connections, liberty hill baptist church, campaign, dewey street award program, party, protection, minority, race, racism, discrimination, bias, political science.