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Doelstelling: Het doel van deze scriptie is onderzoeken welke meertalige elementen aanwezig zijn in 'The 42nd Parallel' van John Dos Passos, wat de functies van die meertalige elementen zijn en hoe die meertalige elementen vertaald werden in het Nederlands. Middelen of methode: Korte literatuurstudie om de begrippen meertaligheid en code-switching te definiëren. Analyse van de brontekst om de verschillende types meertaligheid te selecteren. Vergelijking met de doeltekst met als doel na te gaan hoe die verschillende types meertaligheid weergegeven zijn in de vertaling. Resultaten: De analyse van de brontekst wijst uit dat er drie verschillende types meertaligheid aanwezig zijn in dit hoofdstuk van 'The 42nd Parallel', namelijk referenties, code-switching en heteroglossie. De voornaamste functies van die meertalige elementen zijn het benadrukken van de nationaliteiten van personages, het typeren van personages en een realistischer beeld schetsen in het verhaal. De vergelijking van de brontekst met de Nederlandse vertaling wijst uit dat de vertaler de referenties allemaal heeft behouden, dat hij bij code-switching enkel de hoofdtaal heeft vervangen of de volledige passages heeft behouden en dat hij bij de heteroglossie passages de Engelse spreektaal heeft vertaald door een spreektaal in het Nederlands.

Code-switching. --- Culturele referencies. --- Heteroglossie. --- John Dos Passos. --- Literatuur. --- Multilingualism. --- Verenigde Staten. --- Vertaalkundige studie – Onderzoek van vertalingen – schriftelijke taal. --- Vertaling.

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Nearly as global in its ambition and sweep as its subject, Franco Moretti's The Novel is a watershed event in the understanding of the first truly planetary literary form. A translated selection from the epic five-volume Italian Il Romanzo (2001-2003), The Novel's two volumes are a unified multiauthored reference work, containing more than one hundred specially commissioned essays by leading contemporary critics from around the world. Providing the first international comparative reassessment of the novel, these essential volumes reveal the form in unprecedented depth and breadth--as a great cultural, social, and human phenomenon that stretches from the ancient Greeks to today, where modernity itself is unimaginable without the genre. By viewing the novel as much more than an aesthetic form, this landmark collection demonstrates how the genre has transformed human emotions and behavior, and the very perception of reality. Historical, statistical, and formal analyses show the novel as a complex literary system, in which new forms proliferate in every period and place. Volume 2: Forms and Themes, views the novel primarily from the inside, examining its many formal arrangements and recurrent thematic manifestations, and looking at the plurality of the genre and its lineages. These books will be essential reading for all students and scholars of literature.

Literature. --- Actant. --- Aethiopica. --- Antonomasia. --- Author. --- Bildungsroman. --- Chronotope. --- Correction (novel). --- Debut novel. --- Despair (novel). --- Edition (book). --- English novel. --- Epic and Novel. --- Epilogue. --- Epistle. --- Epistolary novel. --- Essay. --- Fiction. --- Flood Tide (novel). --- Foreword. --- Francis Mulhern. --- French literature. --- G. (novel). --- Galatea 2.2. --- Genre fiction. --- Genre. --- Hans Fallada. --- Hogg (novel). --- Homo Faber (novel). --- Houseboy (novel). --- J. (newspaper). --- John Dos Passos. --- Literary criticism. --- Literary modernism. --- Louis Lambert (novel). --- Mary Shelley. --- Matthew Lewis (writer). --- Memoir. --- Michael Joyce (writer). --- Mircea Eliade. --- Misery (novel). --- Modernity. --- Nadja (novel). --- Narration. --- Narrative poetry. --- Narrative. --- New Society. --- Novel of manners. --- Novel. --- Novelist. --- Novella. --- On Writing (Hemingway). --- On the Beach (novel). --- Only Words (book). --- Paperback. --- Pen name. --- Penguin Books. --- Periodization. --- Persuasion (novel). --- Phaedrus (dialogue). --- Picaresque novel. --- Poetry. --- Potion. --- Precaution (novel). --- Preface. --- Prose. --- Protagonist. --- Psychological novel. --- Publishing. --- Pulp Fiction. --- Revelation. --- Rite. --- Robert Musil. --- Scrutiny (journal). --- Second International. --- Sentimental novel. --- Slowness (novel). --- Social novel. --- Song of Solomon (novel). --- State of the World (book series). --- Suffrage. --- Sune (Forgotten Realms). --- The Comic. --- The Cossacks (novel). --- The Mansion (novel). --- The Modern World (novel). --- The Unnamable (novel). --- The Unnamable (short story). --- The Veldt (short story). --- Tobias Smollett. --- Trope (literature). --- Valediction. --- Verb. --- Verisimilitude (fiction). --- Villette (novel). --- Wieland (novel). --- Woolf. --- Writer. --- Writing. --- Xala (novel).