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'Freedom Beyond Confinement' examines the cultural history of African American travel and the lasting influence of travel on the imagination particularly of writers of literary fiction and nonfiction. Using the paradox of freedom and confinement to frame the ways travel represented both opportunity and restriction for African Americans, the book details the intimate connection between travel and imagination from post Reconstruction (ca. 1877) to the present.

African Americans --- Travelers' writings, American. --- Segregation in transportation --- Travel in literature. --- Travel --- History. --- Imagination --- African American --- Mobility --- Jim Crow

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"On associe la notion de caste avec l'Inde brahmanique mais, dans le Sud des Etats-Unis entre les années 1890 et 1960, les Noirs, descendants d'esclaves, étaient traités comme une sous-caste, véritables "intouchables" dans le pays berceau de la démocratie. Jim Crow est le nom communément donné au système de domination raciale qui les a tenus sous son emprise féroce et contre lequel le Mouvement des droits civiques de Martin Luther King s'est insurgé. Mais en quoi consistait-il au juste et comment fonctionnait-il ? S'agissait-il seulement de "ségrégation du berceau à la tombe" , de fontaines d'eau et de places de bus réservées aux Blancs, de bagnards noirs trimant les fers aux pieds et de lynchages épisodiques, comme on le croit généralement ? Loïc Wacquant dresse un bilan historique méticuleux visant à construire un modèle sociologique robuste de ce régime. Il montre qu'il se composait de quatre éléments étroitement imbriqués : une infrastructure économique de métayage virant à la servitude pour dettes ; un noyau social fait de bifurcation institutionnelle et d'exigence de déférence des Noirs envers les Blancs ; et une superstructure d'interdiction électorale et judiciaire. Mais les Afro-Américains n'ont jamais acquiescé à ces trois mécanismes d'exploitation, de subordination et d'exclusion. Il a donc fallu les sécuriser au moyen d'un quatrième élément, la violence terroriste, violence protéiforme (intimidation, agression, viol, chasse à l'homme, pogrom, supplice du fouet, lynchage et torture publique, mais aussi arrestations arbitraires, embastillements hâtifs et exécutions sommaires) qui plane sur chaque interaction sociale entre Blancs et Noirs et qui peut frapper à tout moment pour communiquer un message politique strident : l'impériosité de la suprématie blanche. Ce livre lucide et révélateur est une invitation urgente à repenser de fond en comble les rapports historiques mais aussi contemporains entre caste, justice et démocratie en Amérique ainsi que dans les pays qui, redécouvrant leur passé colonial, se débattent aujourd'hui avec la "question raciale" . Il est certain de changer l'idée que le lecteur se fait de la race, du terrorisme et de la démocratie en Amérique."

Lois Jim Crow --- Castes --- Noirs américains --- Discrimination raciale --- Histoire. --- Ségrégation --- African Americans --- Caste --- Race discrimination --- Ethnic relations --- Segregation --- Legal status, laws, etc.

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Undoing Plessy: Charles Hamilton Houston, Race, Labor and the Law, 1895-1950 explores the manner in which African Americans countered racialized impediments, attacking their legal underpinnings during the first half of the twentieth century. Specifically, Undoing Plessy explores the professional life of Charles Hamilton Houston, and the way it informs our understanding of change in the pre-Brown era. Houston dedicated his life to the emancipation of oppressed people, and was inspired early-on...

African American civil rights workers --- African Americans --- Jim Crow laws --- Jim Crowism --- Segregation --- Segregation. --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Civil rights --- History. --- Social conditions --- Houston, Charles Hamilton, --- Houston, Charles, --- Houston, Charles H. --- African Americans Legal status, laws, etc.

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Marylin, a novel by the Austrian writer Arthur Rundt about a mixed-race woman passing as white, moves from Chicago to New York City and concludes tragically on a Caribbean island. First published in 1928 and now translated into English, it offers a European view of racial attitudes in the US during the era of the Harlem Renaissance and Jim Crow. Rundt's short but powerful novel touches several vital issues in society today, engaging each in a way that prompts further examination and cross-fertilization. First, it sheds historical light on what has become painfully obvious in the Black Lives Matter era (if it wasn't before): the continued injustice experienced by Blacks in America as an effect of structural racism. Second, it confronts issues of migration and hybrid identities. Third, it has relevance for Women's Studies through the title character's interaction with the patriarchy. Through these connections, it responds to a growing current in German Studies concerned with diversity and inclusion and integrating the discipline into the broader humanities. An introduction and an afterword, both of them extensive and scholarly, contextualize the novel in its time and as it relates to ours.

African American women. --- #MeToo. --- Black Lives Matter. --- Caribbean island. --- Chicago. --- German Studies. --- Harlem Renaissance. --- Jim Crow. --- New York City. --- Women's Studies. --- diversity and inclusion. --- hybrid identities. --- migration. --- mixed-race woman. --- passing as white. --- patriarchy. --- racial attitudes. --- structural racism.

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Signs of the Times traces the career of Jim Crow signs-simplified in cultural memory to the "colored/white" labels that demarcated the public spaces of the American South-from their intellectual and political origins in the second half of the nineteenth century through their dismantling by civil rights activists in the 1960's and '70s. In this beautifully written, meticulously researched book, Elizabeth Abel assembles a variegated archive of segregation signs and photographs that translated a set of regional practices into a national conversation about race. Abel also brilliantly investigates the semiotic system through which segregation worked to reveal how the signs functioned in particular spaces and contexts that shifted the grounds of race from the somatic to the social sphere.

African Americans --- Visual communication --- Signs and signboards --- Photography --- Racism in popular culture --- Segregation --- History --- Social aspects --- Southern States --- Race relations --- 1960s. --- 1970s. --- 19th century. --- african americans. --- america. --- american culture. --- american south. --- civil rights activists. --- cultural history. --- cultural memory. --- historians. --- jim crow laws. --- jim crow signs. --- nonfiction. --- political history. --- political tension. --- public spaces. --- racial issues. --- racism. --- regional history. --- regional practices. --- retrospective. --- segregation signs. --- semiotics. --- social history. --- social sphere. --- united states. --- us history. --- visual communication. --- visual politics.