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This long-awaited companion volume to The Literature of the Sages , First Part (Fortress Press, 1987) brings to completion Section II of the renowned Compendia series. The Literature of the Sages, Second Part, explores the literary creation of thousands of ancient Jewish teachers, the often- anonymous Sages of late antiquity and the Middle Ages. Essays by premier scholars provide a careful and succinct analysis of the content and character of various documents, their textual and literary forms, with particular attention to the ongoing discovery and publication of new textual material. Incorporating groundbreaking developments in research, these essays give a comprehensive presentation published here for the first time. This volume will prove an important reference work for all students of ancient Judaism, the origins of Jewish tradition, and the Jewish background of Christianity. The literary creation of the ancient Jewish teachers or Sages – also ­called rabbinic literature – consists of the teachings of thousands of Sages, many of them anonymous. For a long period, their teachings existed orally, which implied a great deal of flexibility in arrangement and form. Only gradually, as parts of this amorphous oral tradition became fixed, was the literature written down, a process that began in the third century C.E. and continued into the Middle Ages. Thus the documents of ­rabbinic literature are the result of a remarkably long and complex process of creation and editing. This long-awaited companion volume to 'The Literature of the Sages, First Part' (1987) gives a careful and succinct analysis both of the content and specific nature of the various documents, and of their textual and literary forms, paying special attention to the continuing discovery and publication of new textual material. Incorporating ground-breaking developments in research, these essays give a comprehensive presentation published here for the first time. 'The Literature of the Sages, Second Part' is an important reference work for all students of ancient Judaism, as well as for those interested in the origins of Jewish tradition and the Jewish background of Christianity.

Jewish religion --- Jewish religious literature --- History and criticism. --- Judaïsme --- 296*1 --- Hebreeuwse bijbel: targum; midrasj; bijbelcommentaren; haggadische verzamelingen--(algemeen) --- Rabbinical literature --- 296*1 Hebreeuwse bijbel: targum; midrasj; bijbelcommentaren; haggadische verzamelingen--(algemeen) --- History and criticism --- Jewish religious literature. --- Rabbinical literature. --- Hebrew literature --- Jewish literature --- Religious literature, Jewish --- Religious literature --- Jewish religious literature - History and criticism

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Biblissimo : un superlatif pour dire l'ampleur et la richesse de ce livre imposant, véritable plaidoyer pour la reconnaissance d'une Antiquité judaïque et fruit de cinquante années de travail. De vraies galaxies de traditions et de livres, dont on n'a parfois que des restes, en hébreu, araméen, grec ou dans nombre de traductions anciennes, sont ici explorées et restituées sous la forme d'introductions claires et de textes choisis. André Paul fait revivre, dans leur diversité, les courants culturels des sociétés judaïques, dont la Bible, leur fleuron unique, s'est un jour trouvée séparée. Bien des problèmes d'ordre éthique et religieux, anthropologique et même politique, posés de nos jours en des termes graves, trouvent dans cet outil pédagogique aux informations antiques, un éclairage aussi vif que surprenant. Une somme culturelle et didactique !

Judaism (Christian theology) --- Jewish religious literature --- History of doctrines --- Sources. --- History and criticism. --- Bible --- Criticism, interpretation, etc --- Criticism, interpretation, etc, Jewish --- Judaism (Christian theology) - History of doctrines - Early church, ca. 30-600. --- Judaism (Christian theology) - History of doctrines - Sources. --- Jewish religious literature - History and criticism.

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Is it justice when deities allow righteous human beings to suffer? This question has occupied the minds of theologians and philosophers for many centuries and is still hotly disputed. All kinds of argument have been developed to exonerate the 'good God' of any guilt in this respect. Since Leibniz it has become customary to describe such attempts as 'theodicy', the justification of God. In modern philosophical debate this use of 'theodicy' has been questioned. However, this volume shows that it is still a workable term for a concept that originated much earlier than is commonly realised. Experts from many disciplines follow the emergence of the theodicy problem from ancient Near Eastern texts of the second millennium BCE through biblical literature, from both Old and New Testament, intertestamental writings including Qumran, Philo Judaeus and rabbinic Judaism.

Theodicy --- Middle Eastern literature --- Jewish religious literature --- Rabbinical literature --- History of doctrines. --- History and criticism. --- History and criticism --- Bible --- Criticism, interpretation, etc. --- 22.08*01 --- 22.08*01 Bijbelse theologie: God; Godsleer --- Bijbelse theologie: God; Godsleer --- Théodicée --- Littérature moyen-orientale --- Littérature religieuse juive --- Littérature rabbinique --- Histoire des doctrines --- Histoire et critique --- History of doctrines --- Biblia --- Theodicy - History of doctrines. --- Middle Eastern literature - History and criticism. --- Jewish religious literature - History and criticism. --- Rabbinical literature - History and criticism

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Jewish religious literature --- Covenants --- Judaism --- Justification --- History and criticism --- Religious aspects --- History of doctrines --- History --- Paul --- Views on Judaism --- 227.08 --- -Jewish religious literature --- -Covenants --- -Justification --- Faith and justification --- Justification by faith --- Salvation --- Agreements --- Religious literature, Jewish --- Jewish literature --- Religious literature --- Jews --- Religions --- Semites --- Paulinische theologie --- -History and criticism --- -Judaism --- -History of doctrines --- Christianity --- Religion --- Paul the Apostle, Saint --- -Views on Judaism --- 227.08 Paulinische theologie --- Jewish religious literature - History and criticism --- Covenants - Religious aspects - Judaism - History of doctrines --- Judaism - History - Post-exilic period, 586 B.C.-210 A.D. --- Paul - Views on Judaism

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Apocryphal books (Old Testament) --- Jewish religious literature --- Criticism, interpretation, etc. --- History and criticism --- Bible --- -221-05 --- Religious literature, Jewish --- Jewish literature --- Religious literature --- -Personen in het Oude Testament --- Bible. --- -Bible. --- Ba-yon Tipan --- Bagong Tipan --- Jaji ma Hungi --- Kainē Diathēkē --- New Testament --- Nouveau Testament --- Novo Testamento --- Novum Testamentum --- Novyĭ Zavet --- Novyĭ Zavi︠e︡t Gospoda nashego Īisusa Khrista --- Novyĭ Zavit --- Nuevo Testamento --- Nuovo Testamento --- Nye Testamente --- Perjanjian Baru --- Dhamma sacʻ kyamʻʺ --- Injīl --- Antico Testamento --- Hebrew Bible --- Hebrew Scriptures --- Kitve-ḳodesh --- Miḳra --- Old Testament --- Palaia Diathēkē --- Pentateuch, Prophets, and Hagiographa --- Sean-Tiomna --- Stary Testament --- Tanakh --- Tawrāt --- Torah, Neviʼim, Ketuvim --- Torah, Neviʼim u-Khetuvim --- Velho Testamento --- Biography --- -Criticism, interpretation, etc. --- -Jewish religious literature --- 221-05 Personen in het Oude Testament --- Personen in het Oude Testament --- -Apocryphal books (Old Testament) --- 221-05 --- Old Testament apocryphal books --- Pseudepigraphal books (Old Testament) --- Criticism, interpretation, etc --- Apocryphal books (Old Testament) - Criticism, interpretation, etc. - Congresses --- Jewish religious literature - History and criticism - Congresses