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Why has postwar Japanese abortion policy been relatively progressive, while contraception policy has been relatively conservative? The Japanese government legalized abortion in 1948 but did not approve the pill until 1999. In this carefully researched study, Tiana Norgren argues that these contradictory policies flowed from very different historical circumstances and interest group configurations. Doctors and family planners used a small window of opportunity during the Occupation to legalize abortion, and afterwards, doctors and women battled religious groups to uphold the law. The pill, on the other hand, first appeared at an inauspicious moment in history. Until circumstances began to change in the mid-1980s, the pharmaceutical industry was the pill's lone champion: doctors, midwives, family planners, and women all opposed the pill as a potential threat to their livelihoods, abortion rights, and women's health. Clearly written and interwoven with often surprising facts about Japanese history and politics, Norgren's book fills vital gaps in the cross-national literature on the politics of reproduction, a subject that has received more attention in the European and American contexts. Abortion Before Birth Control will be a valuable resource for those interested in abortion and contraception policies, gender studies, modern Japanese history, political science, and public policy.

Politics. --- Drug Industry. --- Contraception. --- History of Medicine. --- Abortion, Eugenic. --- Women's Rights. --- Abortion, Legal. --- Legislation as Topic. --- Public Policy. --- History, 20th Century. --- Disabled Persons. --- Contraceptives, Oral. --- Consumer Organizations. --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Chemical Actions and Uses --- Pharmacologic Actions --- Physiological Effects of Drugs --- Therapeutic Uses --- Technology, Industry, Agriculture --- Surgical Procedures, Operative. --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Delivery of Health Care. --- Sociology. --- Reproductive Control Agents. --- Therapeutics. --- Technology, Industry, and Agriculture --- Named Groups --- Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena --- Humanities. --- Obstetric Surgical Procedures. --- Contraceptive Agents. --- Health Care Economics and Organizations --- Policy. --- Social Control, Formal. --- History, Modern 1601-. --- Organizations. --- Persons --- Social Sciences. --- Industry. --- Reproductive Techniques. --- Abortion, Induced. --- History. --- Human Rights. --- Social Control Policies. --- Contraceptive Agents, Female. --- Women --- Family size --- Birth control --- Abortion --- Social conditions. --- Government policy --- Japan. --- Japan --- Social conditions --- Agricultural Basic Law. --- Aoshiba no kai. --- Asia Josei Kaigi. --- Chūpiren. --- Dai Nippon Seiyaku. --- Domo to Akiko. --- Drug Bureau. --- Eugenic Protection Committee. --- Fortune magazine. --- Fukuda Amano. --- Garon, Sheldon. --- Gordon, Linda. --- HIV infection. --- Hashimoto Ryūgo. --- Hinoue Sadao. --- Ichikawa Fusae. --- Iwamoto Misako. --- Jansson Yumiko. --- Japan National Railways. --- Japan Teacher’s Union. --- Kanemaru Shin. --- LaFleur, William. --- Lowi, Theodore. --- Majima Yutaka. --- Medical Affairs Bureau. --- Murakawa Ichiro. --- Nagai Sen. --- New Life movement (1950s). --- Nippon Times. --- Noriko Tsuya. --- Ogino, Miho. --- Organon. --- Potter, Joseph. --- Progressive Era. --- Public Health Council. --- Quinoform. --- Saxton, Marsha. --- Searle. --- Shio Nogi. --- Tanaka Kōtarō. --- abortion campaign of 1931 (Germany). --- barrier birth control methods. --- collective action theory. --- contraceptive marketing. --- corporatism. --- dynamic constraints model. --- familial feminism. --- feedback effect. --- gaiatsu strategy. --- midwives. --- relational feminism.