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Civil rights. --- Liberty. --- Diplomacy. --- Diplomatic documents. --- Passports. --- Americans --- Clergy. --- Richmond, James Cook.

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This book explores the first encounters between Samoans and Europeans up to the arrival of the missionaries, using all available sources for the years 1722 to the 1830s, paying special attention to the first encounter on land with the Lapérouse expedition. Many of the sources used are French, and some of difficult accessibility, and thus they have not previously been thoroughly examined by historians. Adding some Polynesian comparisons from beyond Samoa, and reconsidering the so-called ‘Sahlins-Obeyesekere debate’ about the fate of Captain Cook, ‘First Contacts’ in Polynesia advances a hypothesis about the contemporary interpretations made by the Polynesians of the nature of the Europeans, and about the actions that the Polynesians devised for this encounter: wrapping Europeans up in ‘cloth’ and presenting ‘young girls’ for ‘sexual contact’. It also discusses how we can go back two centuries and attempt to reconstitute, even if only partially, the point of view of those who had to discover for themselves these Europeans whom they call ‘Papalagi’. The book also contributes an additional dimension to the much-touted ‘Mead-Freeman debate’ which bears on the rules and values regulating adolescent sexuality in ‘Samoan culture’. Scholars have long considered the pre-missionary times as a period in which freedom in sexuality for adolescents predominated. It appears now that this erroneous view emerged from a deep misinterpretation of Lapérouse’s and Dumont d’Urville’s narratives.

History & Archaeology --- Regions & Countries - Australia & Pacific Islands - Oceania --- Samoan Islands --- Europe --- Foreign relations --- History. --- Social life and customs. --- Navigators Islands --- Samoa Islands --- Samoan Archipelago --- Council of Europe countries --- Islands of the Pacific --- Polynesia --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia --- History --- Anthropology --- history --- customs --- social life --- samoan islands --- foreign relations --- europe --- Bougainville Island --- Ethnic groups in Europe --- James Cook --- Jean-François de Galaup --- comte de Lapérouse --- Polynesians --- Tahiti

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Cet ouvrage présente une étude des journaux que James Cook rédigea à l’occasion des trois grandes expéditions qu’il dirigea dans le Pacifique entre 1768 et 1779. Le nom de James Cook appartient avant tout au domaine de la navigation et de l’exploration maritime. Les écrits de celui que l’histoire a retenu comme l’un des plus grands navigateurs de son temps n’ont que très rarement intéressé la critique en dehors de leur aspect hautement référentiel, comme compte rendu fidèle de l’expérience vécue en mer et lors des nombreuses escales dans le Pacifique. Au-delà de l’intérêt géographique, ethnologique et scientifique que présente indubitablement le texte de Cook, l’étude de ces journaux révèle cependant la présence d’un certain nombre de mécanismes d’écriture et de procédés narratifs proches de ceux, traditionnellement dévolus au récit de fiction, qui conduisent à envisager ces écrits dans leur dimension littéraire et à y voir moins la description d’un réel, au demeurant impossible à saisir véritablement, que l’élaboration d’un discours qui prenne en compte l’horizon d’attente d’un lectorat avide d’exotisme et d’aventure, au sujet de cette région du globe largement méconnue à l’époque qu’est le Pacifique. C’est également l’une des caractéristiques des journaux de Cook d’avoir été préparés pour la publication par une tierce personne qui n’avait pas pris par à l’expédition : John Hawkesworth pour le premier voyage et John Douglas pour les voyages suivants. C’est le parcours du texte de Cook, depuis les premières notes prises dans le journal de bord jusqu’à la publication du récit officiel qui est également présenté ici.

Travelers' writings, British --- Travel writing --- History and criticism. --- History. --- Cook, James, --- Travel --- Pacific Area --- Discovery and exploration. --- British travelers' writings --- British literature --- Cook, Jacques --- Asia-Pacific Region --- Asian-Pacific Region --- Asian and Pacific Council countries --- Pacific Ocean Region --- Pacific Region --- Pacific Rim --- voyage --- journal de voyage --- Pacifique --- James Cook

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This edited collection understands exploration as a collective effort and experience involving a variety of people in diverse kinds of relationships. It engages with the recent resurgence of interest in the history of exploration by focusing on the various indigenous intermediaries – Jacky Jacky, Bungaree, Moowattin, Tupaia, Mai, Cheealthluc and lesser-known individuals – who were the guides, translators, and hosts that assisted and facilitated European travellers in exploring different parts of the world. These intermediaries are rarely the authors of exploration narratives, or the main focus within exploration archives. Nonetheless the archives of exploration contain imprints of their presence, experience and contributions. The chapters present a range of ways of reading archives to bring them to the fore. The contributors ask new questions of existing materials, suggest new interpretive approaches, and present innovative ways to enhance sources so as to generate new stories.

First contact of aboriginal peoples with Westerners --- Aboriginal Australians --- Discoveries in geography --- Recreation & Sports --- Social Sciences --- Discoveries, Maritime --- Discovery and exploration --- Exploration and discovery --- Explorations in geography --- Exploring expeditions --- Geographical discoveries --- Geographical discovery --- Maritime discoveries --- Aboriginal peoples' first contact with Westerners --- Contact, First, of aboriginal peoples with Westerners --- Westerners, First contact of aboriginal peoples with --- Discoveries in geography. --- Voyages and travels --- Explorers --- Geographical discoveries in literature --- Anthropology --- Contact, First (Anthropology) --- Cultural contact --- Interethnic contact --- Aboriginal Australians. --- First contact (Anthropology) --- Aboriginals, Australian --- Aborigines, Australian --- Australian aboriginal people --- Australian aboriginals --- Australian aborigines --- Australians, Aboriginal --- Australians, Native (Aboriginal Australians) --- Native Australians (Aboriginal Australians) --- Ethnology --- Indigenous peoples --- travel --- history --- indigenous people --- exploration --- Bungaree --- James Cook --- Lindt & Sprüngli --- Noongar --- Tupaia (navigator)