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Venedig war im 18. Jahrhundert nicht nur ein Zentrum des Theatergeschehens, sondern zugleich Mittelpunkt lebendiger Theaterdiskussionen. Der sogenannte venezianische Theaterstreit mit den Protagonisten Carlo Goldoni und Carlo Gozzi erscheint in der Literatur- und Theatergeschichtsschreibung vielfach in Form einer vereinfachenden Reproduktion der Polemik. Das überwiegend kritisch-negative Gozzi-Bild korreliert mit einer einseitigen Hochschätzung Goldonis und der von ihm propagierten Theaterreform, wird dagegen Gozzi als Retter der Commedia dell ́arte verehrt, gilt Goldoni als ihr Totengräber. Die vorliegende Studie versucht, derartige Vorurteile aufzubrechen und Carlo Gozzis Fiabe teatrali als veritablen Gegenentwurf zu Goldonis Komödien und zum aufklärerischen Drama zu verstehen. Auf dem Hintergrund des italienischen Theaterkontexts im 18. Jahrhundert und der venezianischen Theaterszene der Zeit treten die Besonderheit der Märchenstücke und das Anliegen Gozzis deutlich zutage. Mit den Grundkonstituenten Märchen und Commedia dell ́arte wenden sich die Fiabe teatrali gegen ein Theater, das die Wirklichkeitsnähe betont und einen Nützlichkeitsanspruch verfolgt. Die Verbindung der wirklichkeitsfernen Elemente erfolgt in einer Art ars combinatoria, die auf Kontraststrukturen basiert und den artifiziellen Charakter unterstreicht. Damit tritt die Autonomie der theatralen Wirklichkeit hervor, und die Einbildungskraft wird zum entscheidenden Faktor. Das Märchenhafte wird allerdings zweifach an die Erfahrungswirklichkeit rückgebunden: zum einen finden sich in der Maskenrede direkte Verweise auf die nicht-theatrale Wirklichkeit, zum anderen scheinen in der Bühnenillusion Wahrheiten auf, die in der diskursiven Diskussion verborgen bleiben. So eröffnet das neue dramatische Genus der Fiabe teatrali die Möglichkeit, auf den Konstruktcharakter von Wirklichkeit hinzudeuten und die Problematik der Erkenntnis von Wahrheit in Szene zu setzen. In the eighteenth century, Venice was not only a center of theatre life but also a center for discussion about theatre. In literary and theatre history the well-known Venetian theatrical dispute, with its protagonists Carlo Goldoni and Carlo Gozzi, seem to provoke a simplistic reproduction of the polemics. A predominantly negative image of Gozzi is correlated with an appreciation of Goldoni and his dramaturgical reform, whereas while Gozzi is considered the savior of the commedia dell ́arte, Goldoni appears as ist grave-digger. This study tries to break open such prejudice, reading Gozzi ́s "Fiabe teatrali" as a veritable counterpoint to Goldoni ́s comedies and Enlightenment drama. Against the background of Italian theatre in the 18th century and contemporary Venetian theatricality, Gozzi ́s intention, as well as the special characteristics of his tales for the theatre, becomes evident. Using fairy tales and commedia dell ́arte as basic constituents for his "Fiabe teatrali", Gozzi responds to a theatre that emphasizes the reflection of everyday life and follows the concept of utility. The combination of elements are distanced from reality in a way that resembles an ars combinatoria, based on a structure of contrasts that underlines its artificial character. This displays the autonomy of theatrical reality and the importance of imagination. However, the fairy tale illusion refers back to reality in two ways: on the one hand the traditional masks comment directly current events, on the other hand theatrical illusion indirectly reveals truth that remains secret in discourse. As a new dramatic genre the "Fiabe teatrali" open the possibility to reflect on the constructed character of reality and to set on stage the problematic nature of the perception of truth.
Italian drama --- Gozzi, Carlo, --- Carlo Gozzi --- Italian theatre --- fairy tales --- commedia dell´arte --- illusion --- Enligthenment --- Harlekin --- Märchen --- Pantalone --- Polemik --- Theologische Realenzyklopädie --- Venedig
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"The Dramaturgy of the Spectator: pioneers a shift in the way we think about theatre audience as both theoretical concept and historical phenomenon by examining the metomorphosis of spectators from an uncritical mass of early modern theatre-goers to an Enlightenment audience of experts and critics. This study argues for a gradual change in the self-conception of the spectatorship during the two"golden" centuries of Italian dramatic literature, outlining the dramatic strategies by which theatre called into being an adjusting audience capable of both aesthetics and political analysis. The author shows that, contrary to expectations, the public's progressive centrality to the theatre helped to create rather than hinder the playwrights's self-assertion and expression. At the same time, the discussion moves beyond spectatorship per se to consider a range of cultural assumptions and practices. These include the emergent public sphere, the power structures and social and cultural politics in Italy."--
Italian drama --- History and criticism. --- To 1799 --- Italy. --- art. --- audience. --- drama. --- dramaturgy. --- history of the theatre. --- italian history. --- italian literature. --- italian theatre. --- literature. --- performance studies. --- public sphere. --- spectators. --- theatre studies.
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Italian literature --- Theatrical science --- Paris --- Theater --- Théâtre --- History --- Histoire --- Nouveau théâtre italien (Paris, France) --- Commedia dell'arte --- History and criticism --- Riccoboni, Luigi, --- Nouveau Théâtre italien (Paris, France) --- Théâtre --- Nouveau théâtre italien (Paris, France) --- Dramatics --- Histrionics --- Professional theater --- Stage --- Theatre --- Performing arts --- Acting --- Actors --- Riccoboni, Lewis, --- Riccoboni, Louis, --- Lelio, --- Nouveau Théâtre italien (Paris, France) --- Atarashii Itaria Kagekijō (Paris, France) --- New Italian Theatre (Paris, France) --- Theater - France - Paris - History - 18th century --- Commedia dell'arte - History and criticism --- Riccoboni, Luigi, - 1676-1753
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