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Aquatic environments, including freshwater and marine ecosystems, raw and treated sewage, sludge, and sediments, are home to a huge variety of microorganisms that mediate the recycling of dissolved organic carbon and recalcitrant substrata into food webs and the atmosphere. Archaea, bacteria, filamentous fungi, and yeasts play a key role in degradation processes, and many of them are used or have the potential to be harnessed in bioremediation. The importance of aquatic microorganisms is in their physiology and behavior: they can sink or float, some are motile, others adhere to a range of biotic and abiotic substrates (e.g. algae, invertebrates, sediments, driftwood), and they can form biofilms on surfaces, remain planktonic, or produce a broad diversity of bioactive compounds. By gathering a collection of papers focused on microorganisms in the over-cited environments, this Special Issue will improve the current knowledge of aquatic microbial biodiversity.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Microbiology (non-medical) --- marine fungi --- new taxa --- phylogeny --- lignicolous fungi --- biofilms --- zeolite A --- Vibrio spp --- antimicrobials --- heavy crude oil --- mycodegradation --- deep-sea fungi --- bioremediation --- fungal isolation --- copper --- antifouling --- coating --- biofilm --- Indian Ocean --- Oman --- green algae --- diatoms --- cyanobacteria --- microalgae --- stone conservation --- diagnosis tool --- preservation strategies --- biodeterioration --- antibacterial --- Vibrio harveyi --- Nannochloropsis oceanica --- Chaetoceros gracilis --- Isochrysis sp. --- marine fungi --- new taxa --- phylogeny --- lignicolous fungi --- biofilms --- zeolite A --- Vibrio spp --- antimicrobials --- heavy crude oil --- mycodegradation --- deep-sea fungi --- bioremediation --- fungal isolation --- copper --- antifouling --- coating --- biofilm --- Indian Ocean --- Oman --- green algae --- diatoms --- cyanobacteria --- microalgae --- stone conservation --- diagnosis tool --- preservation strategies --- biodeterioration --- antibacterial --- Vibrio harveyi --- Nannochloropsis oceanica --- Chaetoceros gracilis --- Isochrysis sp.

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Acute inflammation is a highly regulated process, and its dysregulation can lead to the development of a chronic inflammatory state which is believed to play a main role in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including cancer. In recent years, the need to find new anti-inflammatory molecules has raised the scientific community´s interest for marine natural products. In this regard, the marine environment represents a source for isolating a wealth of bioactive compounds. In this Special Issue, the reported products have been obtained from microalgae, sea cucumber, octopus, squid, red alga-derived fungus, cnidarians, hard-shelled mussel, and sponges.

Tropical Eastern Pacific --- Zoanthus pulchellus --- critical illness --- zoanthamine --- SPR analysis --- dendritic cells --- endothelial cell death --- T cell differentiation --- seafood waste --- microalgae --- pyrogallol-phloroglucinol-6 --- NRLP3 --- THP-1 macrophages --- fucoxanthin --- photo-protection --- cytokine --- thromboxane --- Isochrysis galbana --- fish oil --- photoprotection --- functional ingredients --- rosmarinic acid --- MAPK --- marine invertebrates --- poor blood circulation --- anti-inflammatory activity --- eicosapentaenoic acid --- anti-oxidative --- macroalgae --- colon inflammation --- MGDG --- TLR4 --- 6-bieckol --- polyunsaturated fatty acid --- matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) --- acute sickness behavior --- UVB --- eicosanoid --- clavulones --- carotenoids --- denervation --- polyunsaturated fatty acids --- skin --- epidermal hyperplasia --- Geodia barretti --- omega-3 --- parenteral nutrition --- inflammation --- ultraviolet B --- docosahexaenoic acid --- signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) --- anti-inflammatory --- zoantharia --- vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration --- bioactive molecules --- polysaccharides --- lipopolysaccharide (LPS) --- glycolipids --- DSS colitis --- punaglandins --- marine nutraceuticals --- marine vertebrates --- phlorotannins --- acute lung injury (ALI) --- NF-?B --- diatoms --- interleukin (IL) --- inflammasome --- Frondanol --- Cucumaria frondosa --- prostaglandins --- Ecklonia cava --- 6-bromoindole --- NO inhibition --- surgery