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At the crossroads of major trade routes and characterised by intense human circulations, the area that encompasses northern Nigeria and southern Niger is a privileged space to study transnational religious dynamics. Islam is, indeed, an essential feature of this region assuming today new forms in terms of discourses, practices, and modes of dissemination. In order to capture their changing complexity and diversity, regional Islamic dynamics need to be observed from both sides of the Niger-Nigeria border, where religious patterns echo each other but also obey different socio-political injunctions. While studying the processes of religious renewal and mutation, it is necessary to pay attention to the varied forms these processes take, to their direct and indirect effects and to the channels of transmission used. An interdisciplinary team of seven researchers from Niger, Nigeria, France and the United Kingdom was set up to conduct this transnational study; all authors carried out ethnographic fieldwork in both countries while constantly exchanging, comparing and discussing their respective findings with each other. Thus, this book provides first-hand material collected in the field, that contributes to enrich the reflexion on contemporary transformation dynamics in the Islamic landscapes of Niger and Nigeria, but also reflects the relevance of a transnational and comparative approach of these phenomena. Finally, it showcases the collaborative work of African and European scholars from Francophone and Anglophone countries - a type of scientific partnership unprecedented in this field.
Religion --- History --- Islam --- Islamic movements --- radicalism --- NGO --- sermons --- Boko Haram
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history --- politics --- international relations --- Islam --- Islamic fundamentalism --- 1945 --- new Islamic movements --- colonialism --- secularisM --- violence --- globalization --- transnational Islamic movements --- 9-11
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This book is the first attempt to understand Boko Haram in a comprehensive and consistent way. It examines the early history of the sect and its transformation into a radical armed group. It analyses the causes of the uprising against the Nigerian state and evaluates the consequences of the on-going conflict from a religious, social and political point of view. The book gives priority to authors conducting fieldwork in Nigeria and tackles the following issues: the extent to which Boko Haram can be considered the product of deprivation and marginalisation; the relationship of the sect with almajirai, Islamic schools, Sufi brotherhoods, Izala, and Christian churches; the role of security forces and political parties in the radicalisation of the sect; the competing discourses in international and domestic media coverage of the crisis; and the consequences of the militarisation of the conflict for the Nigerian government and the civilian population, Christian and Muslim.
Political Science --- Boko Haram --- Islamic movements --- fundamentalism --- rebellions --- terrorism --- government policy
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"Graveyard of Clerics is an ethnographic study of political action in Saudi Arabia. The book studies two phenomena that have rarely been analyzed together in the Middle East: urban sprawl and the politicization of religious activism. Suburbs emerged in Saudi Arabia after WWII, when the US oil company Aramco built racially segregated housing for its American employees and its Saudi, Arab, and Asian workforce. The country became an early non-western testing ground for urban growth techniques that, perfected in the United States before WWII, were widely exported during the Cold War: state guaranteed mortgages, standardized building and subdivision, and extensive freeway systems. Cheap gas, safe loans, and real estate speculation metamorphosed the Saudi landscape from the 1970s onward. Saudis started fleeing the inner cities, choked with car traffic and invaded by foreign migrants, to the peace and isolation of the suburbs. At the same time, autonomous religious movements emerged in the suburbs of Riyadh, Jeddah, Mecca, Medina, and Dammam between the late 1960s and the early 1980s. The Saudi Muslim Brotherhood, created by activists who had fled Egypt, Syria, and Iraq to avoid repression, developed within the cracks of the fledgling educational system. Various Salafi groups soon appeared in reaction to both the Muslim Brotherhood and the increased state control of religion and social life. In the 1970s and 1980s, the relative isolation of the suburbs allowed for the constitution and mobilization of vast activist networks. Religious activists politicized the suburban spaces where consumer debt and welfare benefits, boosted by the oil boom of the 1970s, had fostered political apathy. Islamists found followers through their powerful critique of the religious establishment (the senior Saudi 'ulama') and the country's military and economic alliance with the United States. Scholarship on Saudi religious movements typically focuses on ideology and rarely mentions the impact of US imperial policies on state building and space making. Graveyard of Clerics contests these well-trod narratives, which (1) fail to explain the emergence and resilience of vast political networks in highly repressive environments, (2) overlook the anti-imperialist undertone of religious protests, and (3) focus on elites while being oblivious of the vast majority of everyday activists. Combining interviews, archival research, analysis of secondary sources, and extensive field research, Graveyard of Clerics contends that activists use the spatial resources offered by urban sprawl to organize and protest. Taking Riyadh as a case study, Menoret analyzes what happens to Islamic activists when they hail from a wealthy, religious society. In the suburbs of Riyadh, religious activism is not primarily an expression of socioeconomic frustration. It most often represents conservative, homeowner-based politics in an environment that Islamic activists view as both questionable and promising. The book thus contributes to three bodies of literature: the study of global suburbs, the study of religion in Saudi Arabia, and the study of political activism in suburban spaces."--
Political participation --- Political activists --- Islam and politics --- Suburbs --- Political aspects --- Saudi Arabia --- Politics and government. --- Islamic action. --- Islamic movements. --- activism. --- boredom. --- everyday. --- protest. --- student activism. --- suburbs.
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In the post-Cold War era, why has democratization been slow to arrive in the Arab world? This book argues that to understand support for the authoritarian status quo in parts of this region--and the willingness of its citizens to compromise on core democratic principles--one must factor in how a strong U.S. presence and popular anti-Americanism weakens democratic voices. Examining such countries as Jordan, Kuwait, Morocco, Palestine, and Saudi Arabia, Amaney Jamal explores how Arab citizens decide whether to back existing regimes, regime transitions, and democratization projects, and how the global position of Arab states shapes people's attitudes toward their governments. While the Cold War's end reduced superpower hegemony in much of the developing world, the Arab region witnessed an increased security and economic dependence on the United States. As a result, the preferences of the United States matter greatly to middle-class Arab citizens, not just the elite, and citizens will restrain their pursuit of democratization, rationalizing their backing for the status quo because of U.S. geostrategic priorities. Demonstrating how the preferences of an international patron serve as a constraint or an opportunity to push for democracy, Jamal questions bottom-up approaches to democratization, which assume that states are autonomous units in the world order. Jamal contends that even now, with the overthrow of some autocratic Arab regimes, the future course of Arab democratization will be influenced by the perception of American reactions. Concurrently, the United States must address the troubling sources of the region's rising anti-Americanism.
Anti-Americanism --- Democratization --- Islam and politics --- Democratic consolidation --- Democratic transition --- Political science --- New democracies --- Antiamericanism --- Government policy --- Arab countries --- United States --- Politics and government --- Foreign relations --- Arab citizens. --- Arab world. --- Cold War. --- Hamas. --- Islamic Party for Justice and Development. --- Islamic movements. --- Islamist opposition movements. --- Jordan. --- Kuwait. --- Morocco. --- Palestine. --- Saudi Arabia. --- Sharia. --- Soviet Union. --- U.S. patronage. --- United States. --- anti-American sentiment. --- anti-Americanism. --- authoritarianism. --- clientelism. --- democracy. --- democratization. --- global order. --- international relations. --- monarchy. --- political preferences. --- political transition. --- post-Cold War. --- regime change. --- regime clientelism. --- regime stability. --- stateгociety relations.
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"The fertile land of the five rivers (punj+ab in Persian) has persistently stirred the imagination of its peoples. Its story is the story of invasion. In 326 BCE Alexander the Great marched through the Hindu Kush, conquered the verdant plains now divided between India and Pakistan, and stamped Greek cultural and linguistic influence on the region. Over the centuries the lure of the Punjab attracted further waves of outsiders: Scythians, Sassanians, Huns, Afghans, Turks, Mughals and - closer to our own times - the British. Many savage battles were fought. But at the same time, as different ethnic and religious groups came together and melded, the collective psyche of the Punjab was coloured by vibrant new patterns, new worldviews and new languages. Punjabi poetry is the dynamic result of these cross-cultural encounters. In her rich and diverse anthology, Nikky-Guninder Kaur Singh makes a major contribution to interfaith dialogue and comparative literary studies. Covering the entire spectrum of writers, from the artistic patterns of the first Punjabi poet (Baba Farid, 1173-1265) to feminist author Amrita Pritam (d. 2005), the volume serves as an ideal introduction to the three faiths of Sikhism, Islam and Hinduism. Whether focusing on Sikh gurus or Sufi saints, it boldly illuminates the area's unique character, linguistic rhythms and celebrations, and will have strong appeal to undergraduate students of religion, literature and South Asian studies, as well as general readers."--Bloomsbury publishing.
Islam and politics --- Islamophobia --- Islam et politique --- Islamophobie --- Islam --- 297 <4> --- #SBIB:316.331H330 --- #SBIB:316.331H421 --- #SBIB:39A10 --- Islam. Mohammedanisme--Europa --- Godsdienst en politiek: algemeen --- Morfologie van de godsdiensten: Islam --- Antropologie: religie, riten, magie, hekserij --- Islam and politics - Europe --- Islam - Europe --- Islamophobia - Europe --- Islam and politics. --- Islam. --- Islamic movements --- the Muslim Brotherhood --- Milli Görüs --- the Jama'at-i Islami --- Tablighi Jama'at --- the Wahhabiya --- Saudi Arabia --- the Salafist movement --- Hizb ut-Tahrir --- Harakat al-Nahda and Islamic movements in Tunisia --- the Moroccan Islamist movement --- the Islamic movement in Algeria --- politics of Islamism --- Islamic movements in Europe --- Spain --- Germany --- Islamische Gemeinschaft in Deutschland --- Islamische Zentren --- German Muslim youth --- Muslimische Jugend in Deutschland --- the Union of Islamic Organisation of France --- the Muslim Asociation of Britain --- the Union of Islamic Communities and Organisations --- UCOII --- Italy --- the European Council for Fatwa and Research --- Yusuf al-Qaradawi --- Islamische Gemeinschaft Milli Görüs --- IGMG --- the Caliphate State --- the Islamic Federation of Belgium --- FIB --- the Netherlands --- Denmark --- Salafist groups --- Salafist politics in the Netherlands --- Salafi doctrine --- Salafism --- Salafist-jihadist groups --- Jihadi movements in the United Kingdom --- Abu Hamza al-Masri --- Shari'a --- Al-Muhajirun --- Al-Ghuraba' --- virtual jihadist media --- laïcité and piety --- Hizb ut-Tahrir al-Islami --- Muslim representative bodies --- Al-'Adl wa-l-Ihsan --- the Islamic foundation in the United Kingdom --- Sheikh Abdalqadir al-Murabit --- Süleymanlis --- the Süleymanli movement --- the Muslim Council of Britain --- pious lay preaching --- political lobbying --- German Muslim federations --- Zentralrat der Muslime in Deutschland --- Koordinierungsrat der Muslime --- Islamic guidance and public debates --- imams --- chaplains --- de-radicalisation --- radicalisation --- moderation --- integration --- the German debate about imams --- imams in Belgium --- imams and radicalisation --- prison and processes of radicalisation --- Rashid al-Ghannushi --- Tariq Ramadan --- Islamic knowledge and education --- Islam classes --- Islamic higher education --- the Islamic University of Rotterdam --- the Dutch written media --- Islamic education in Germany --- Institut für Interreligiöse Pädagogik und Didaktik, Cologne --- Zentrum für Islamische Frauenförderung und Forschung --- l'Institut Européen des Sciences Humaines --- Muslim internet sites in Denmark --- Muslim free schools in Denmark --- Federation of Student Islamic Societies --- FOSIS --- Muslims at British universities --- Islamism and Islamophobia --- Brussels --- fear --- otherness --- radical Islam in France --- the headscarf affair --- Islam in German public culture --- 'Pig Day' --- tolerance --- identity and secularism --- the British National Party --- anti-Muslim politics --- the politics of fear
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