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Ischemia. --- Cerebral ischemia. --- Spinal cord --- Wounds and injuries. --- Brain ischemia --- Cerebrovascular disease --- Ischemia --- Ischaemia --- Blood circulation disorders
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This book is a critical and comprehensive look at current state-of-the-art scientific and translational research being conducted internationally, in both academia and industry; it serves to address new ways to provide effective treatment to victims of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke and other ischemic diseases. Currently, stroke can be successfully treated through the administration of a thrombolytic, but the therapeutic window is short and many patients are not able to receive treatment. Only about 30% of patients are "cured" by available treatments. Divided into five sections, the proposed volume explores historical and novel neuroprotection mechanisms and targets, new and combination therapies, as well as clinical trial design for some of the most recent bench-side research.
Medicine. --- Neurosciences. --- Cardiology. --- Biomedicine. --- Cerebrovascular disease --- Ischemia. --- Neuroprotective agents. --- Prevention. --- Neuroprotectants --- Neuroprotective drugs --- Ischaemia --- Drugs --- Blood circulation disorders --- Neural sciences --- Neurological sciences --- Neuroscience --- Medical sciences --- Nervous system --- Heart --- Internal medicine --- Diseases
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THE left vagus nerve was stimulated during transient forebrain ischaemia in gerbils. The animals were exposed to 3 min of forebrain ischaemic insult at 37.5 degrees C. On day 5 post-ischaemia, the animals were perfusion-fixed for qualitative and quantitative histopathological analyses. High current stimulation of the vagus nerve inhibited ischaemic neuronal damage in the hippocampal CA1 sector (p<0.01), but low current stimulation did not (p<0.01). These effects might have been due to inhibition the effects of excitatory amino acids during ischaemia. These results indicate that vagus nerve stimulation might be protective to neurones subjected to ischaemic insult
Amino-acids. --- Animal. --- Animals. --- Brain. --- Ca1. --- Cerebral-ischemia. --- Damage. --- Gerbil hippocampus. --- Gerbil. --- Gerbils. --- Glutamate. --- Hippocampal. --- Hippocampus. --- Inhibition. --- Ischaemia. --- Neuronal damage. --- Neuronal. --- Receptors. --- Seizures. --- Stimulation. --- Time. --- Vagal-stimulation. --- Vagus nerve stimulation.
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The present studies evaluated the effect of chronic intraventricular microinfusion of norepinephrine (NE) to examine if higher levels of intracerebral NE could protect against the development of delayed neuronal death (DND) in the hippocampus of a transient forebrain ischaemia model. Small cannulas connected to osmotic minipumps were stereotactically placed in the lateral ventricle, and NE (40 mu M) was pumped at the rate of 0.5 mu l/hour for periods of up to 14 days. Brain tissue was then analysed for the total NE content at 2.5 mm intervals from the cannula tip, using high pressure liquid chromatography, The result of these preliminary studies showed a 5 to 40-fold increase in the NE levels in the specimens on the infusion side and a 2 to 3-fold increase on the non-infusion side. The number of surviving pyramidal neurones in the hippocampal CA1 region were then compared between the ipsilateral and contralateral hemispheres of the brains obtained from experimental and control animals. Significant suppression of neuronal death was demonstrated in the presence of increased levels of exogenous NE on the infusion side. These studies suggest that intraventricular administration of NE is feasible and that the resulting higher levels of NE may attenuate the phenomenon of DND in the hippocampus, possibly by a direct protective action upon the neurones
Animal. --- Animals. --- Brain. --- Ca1. --- Cannula. --- Control. --- Damage. --- Death. --- Delayed neuronal death. --- Density. --- Development. --- Forebrain ischemia. --- Gerbil hippocampus. --- Hemisphere. --- Hippocampal. --- Hippocampus. --- Increase. --- Injury. --- Ischaemia. --- Ischemic brain. --- Level. --- Locus coeruleus. --- Model. --- Neuronal death. --- Neuronal. --- Norepinephrine. --- Periods. --- Production. --- Rat. --- Suppression. --- Time. --- Transient ischemia.
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Courants electriques --- Electric currents --- Electrophysiologie --- Electrophysiology --- Elektrische stromen --- Elektrofysiologie --- Fysiologie --- Ischaemia --- Ischemia --- Ischemie --- Ischémie --- Physiologie --- Coronary Disease --- Ions. --- Ischemia. --- Electric Conductivity. --- Heart Conduction System --- Ion Channels --- Coronary Vessels --- Electrophysiology. --- 612 --- 616.1 --- Electrical Conductivity --- Conductivity, Electric --- Conductivity, Electrical --- Ischemias --- Blood Circulation --- Cold Ischemia --- Warm Ischemia --- metabolism. --- physiology. --- physiopathology. --- Pathologie van het cardiovasculair systeem. Bloedvaten. Cardiovasculaire aandoeningen --- Ions --- Electric Conductivity --- metabolism --- physiology --- physiopathology
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Ischemia. --- Arteriosclerosis. --- Efferent pathways. --- Motor nervous system --- Motor pathways --- Motor tracts --- Arterial sclerosis --- Arteries --- Hardening of the arteries --- Sclerosis, Arterial --- Ischaemia --- Hardening --- Sclerosis --- Central nervous system --- Arterial occlusions --- Blood circulation disorders --- Ischemia --- Arteriosclerosis --- Efferent Pathwayx --- Neovascularization, Physiologic --- therapy --- Ischemia - therapy --- Arteriosclerosis - therapy
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Reperfusion injury --- Ischemia. --- Immunosuppressive agents. --- Pathophysiology. --- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury --- Fingolimod Hydrochloride --- Myocardial Ischemia. --- physiopathology. --- therapeutic use. --- Heart Disease, Ischemic --- Ischemia, Myocardial --- Ischemic Heart Disease --- Disease, Ischemic Heart --- Diseases, Ischemic Heart --- Heart Diseases, Ischemic --- Ischemias, Myocardial --- Ischemic Heart Diseases --- Myocardial Ischemias --- Immunosuppressant agents --- Immunosuppressants --- Immunosuppressive drugs --- Drugs --- Immunopharmacology --- Ischaemia --- Blood circulation disorders --- Injury, Reperfusion --- Ischemia
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Brain Hypoxia and Ischemia Gabriel G. Haddad, M.D. and Shan Ping Yu, M.D., Ph.D., Editors Brain Hypoxia and Ischemia explores the various aspects of cell death and survival that are crucial for understanding the basic mechanisms underlying brain hypoxia and ischemia. Chapters focus on a panorama of issues including the role of ion channels/transporters, mitochondria and apoptotic mechanisms, the roles of glutamate/NMDA, mechanisms in penumbral cells and the importance of intermittent hypoxia and gene regulation under these stressful conditions. The volume explores findings from both mammalian and invertebrate model systems and their applicability to human systems and diseases. Careful consideration is also given to differences in hypoxia and ischemia across development. This volume aims to increase the understanding of these mechanisms and to stimulate research on better diagnosis and treatment of diseases that afflict the brain and potentially other organs when O2 levels are dysregulated. Brain Hypoxia and Ischemia is designed for neuroscientists, clinicians and medical/graduate students for use in both basic research and clinical practice. Gabriel G. Haddad, M.D. is Professor of Pediatrics and Neuroscience and Chair of the Department of Pediatrics at the University of California, San Diego. He is also Physician-in-Chief at Rady Children’s Hospital in San Diego. Shan Ping Yu, M.D., Ph.D. is Professor of Anesthesiology at Emory University in Atlanta, GA.
Cerebral anoxia. --- Cerebral ischemia. --- Cerebral anoxia --- Cerebral ischemia --- Brain Diseases --- Cerebrovascular Disorders --- Brain Ischemia --- Hypoxia, Brain --- Central Nervous System Diseases --- Vascular Diseases --- Nervous System Diseases --- Cardiovascular Diseases --- Diseases --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Medicine --- Neuroscience --- Neurology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Ischemia. --- Ischaemia --- Anoxia, Cerebral --- Brain anoxia --- Brain hypoxia --- Hypoxia cerebral --- Medicine. --- Human physiology. --- Neurosciences. --- Neurology. --- Neurobiology. --- Biomedicine. --- Human Physiology. --- Blood circulation disorders --- Anoxemia --- Cerebrovascular disease --- Neurosciences --- Nervous system --- Neuropsychiatry --- Human biology --- Medical sciences --- Physiology --- Human body --- Neural sciences --- Neurological sciences --- Neurology .
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Much has been written about myocardial reperfusion injury and the controversies surrounding its existence and clinical relevance in the past 20 to 30 years. Unfortunately, however, there is little published information that integrates research findings with the practical aspects of its management and this has hindered the analysis of the clinical impact of the condition and its management. The pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms of myocardial reperfusion injury are complex, while individual diagnostic techniques have been proposed but without a proper assessment of the relative values of these methods. The management of this condition has also been problematic, as therapeutic strategies that demonstrate prevention of myocardial reperfusion injury in experimental models have not translated into beneficial treatment strategies for patients. Management of Myocardial Reperfusion Injury brings together leading cardiovascular researchers and cardiologists to provide a comprehensive and critical review of the issues. Existing and novel therapeutic strategies for preventing myocardial reperfusion injury are discussed in depth, which will result in this being a vital reference for cardiologists and all healthcare professionals with an interest in the pathogenesis and management of myocardial damage. Cardiologists in training will find this monographic work to be an invaluable formative tool. This book will hopefully assist in further reducing the morbidity and mortality resulting from acute myocardial infarction.
Heart -- Surgery. --- Myocardial Ischemia -- prevention & control. --- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury -- prevention & control. --- Myocardial reperfusion. --- Reperfusion injury. --- Reperfusion injury --- Myocardial reperfusion --- Vascular Diseases --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Reperfusion Injury --- Heart Diseases --- Cardiomyopathies --- Cardiovascular Diseases --- Postoperative Complications --- Pathologic Processes --- Diseases --- Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms --- Myocardial Ischemia --- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury --- Myocardial Infarction --- Diagnosis --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Pathology --- Pathophysiology --- Complications --- Prevention --- Ischemia. --- Ischaemia --- Medicine. --- Cardiology. --- Cardiac surgery. --- Medicine & Public Health. --- Cardiac Surgery. --- Reperfusion (Physiology) --- Blood circulation disorders --- Heart --- Surgery. --- Cardiac surgery --- Open-heart surgery --- Internal medicine --- Surgery
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Ischemia and Loss of Vascular Autoregulation in Ocular and Cerebral Diseases: A New Perspective presents evidence that ischemia and loss of autoregulation of blood flow are associated with the onset of the major ocular and cerebral diseases including macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, low and normal tension open angle glaucoma, stroke and Alzheimer’s disease. Recognition of these vascular changes underline the critical need for clinicians to monitor blood flow and autoregulation to improve early diagnosis and to optimize therapies of ocular and cerebral vascular diseases. The text brings to clinicians in Ophthalmology, Neurology, Medicine, Optometry and Geriatrics decisive guidance on the practical aspects for early diagnosis and treatment of ocular and cerebral diseases. The author brings together in a concise form the progress made over the span of his career and provides new perspectives and understanding of the fluid circulations of the eye and the brain. In addition, he explains the new analytical technologies that made the new concepts possible. The physiological and functional importance of blood flow autoregulation in the eye and in the brain in minimizing the progression of pathology, including the ischemia resulting from stenosis of the internal carotid artery and stroke, are also presented . ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Dr. Langham was born in London, England. In 1947, he joined the Ophthalmological Research Unit, newly formed by the Medical Research Council of the United Kingdom under the direction of Sir Stewart Duke-Elder. In 1956, the author enjoyed a research fellowship at Harvard University. After returning to England for a time, he accepted a position of Associate Professor of Ophthalmology and Director of Research at the Wilmer Ophthalmological Institute of the Johns Hopkins Hospital and Medical school in 1959. There he initiated a program in which all residents spent time engaged in research. This productive interaction between the disciplines led to many important clinical diagnostic and therapeutic advances.
Bifurcation theory. --- Differential equations, Partial --Numerical solutions. --- Representations of groups. --- Differential equations, Partial --- Bifurcation theory --- Representations of groups --- Ischemia --- Homeostasis --- Eye --- Regional Blood Flow --- Peripheral Vascular Diseases --- Intraocular Pressure --- Face --- Blood Circulation --- Pathologic Processes --- Vascular Diseases --- Sense Organs --- Physiological Processes --- Ocular Physiological Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Cardiovascular Diseases --- Anatomy --- Head --- Physiological Phenomena --- Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms --- Cardiovascular Physiological Processes --- Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena --- Body Regions --- Diseases --- Circulatory and Respiratory Physiological Phenomena --- Calculus --- Ophthalmology & Optometry --- Mathematical Theory --- Pathology --- Medicine --- Mathematics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Numerical solutions --- Ischemia. --- Peripheral vascular diseases --- Cerebral ischemia. --- Blood-vessels --- Diseases. --- Diagnosis. --- Ischaemia --- Brain ischemia --- Chevalley groups. --- Medicine. --- Angiology. --- Neurology. --- Ophthalmology. --- Medicine & Public Health. --- Biomedicine general. --- Group theory --- Differential geometry. Global analysis --- Cerebrovascular disease --- Blood circulation disorders --- Numerical solutions. --- Finite groups. --- Angiography. --- Diagnosis, Radioscopic --- Radiography, Medical --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Physicians --- Nervous system --- Neuropsychiatry --- Radiography --- Neurology . --- Biomedicine, general. --- Health Workforce --- Groupes algébriques linéaires --- Groupes algébriques linéaires --- Représentations de groupes --- Equations aux derivees partielles --- Bifurcations --- Colloque
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