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This book presents the complete proof of the Bloch-Kato conjecture and several related conjectures of Beilinson and Lichtenbaum in algebraic geometry. Brought together here for the first time, these conjectures describe the structure of étale cohomology and its relation to motivic cohomology and Chow groups.Although the proof relies on the work of several people, it is credited primarily to Vladimir Voevodsky. The authors draw on a multitude of published and unpublished sources to explain the large-scale structure of Voevodsky's proof and introduce the key figures behind its development. They go on to describe the highly innovative geometric constructions of Markus Rost, including the construction of norm varieties, which play a crucial role in the proof. The book then addresses symmetric powers of motives and motivic cohomology operations.Comprehensive and self-contained, The Norm Residue Theorem in Motivic Cohomology unites various components of the proof that until now were scattered across many sources of varying accessibility, often with differing hypotheses, definitions, and language.

Homology theory. --- Cohomology theory --- Contrahomology theory --- Algebraic topology --- 5P. --- Abelian group. --- Addition. --- Additive category. --- Adjoint functors. --- Alexander Grothendieck. --- Algebraic closure. --- Algebraic cobordism. --- Algebraic cycle. --- Algebraic extension. --- Algebraic geometry. --- Algebraic topology. --- Andrei Suslin. --- Axiom. --- Characteristic class. --- Classifying space. --- Closed set. --- Codimension. --- Cofibration. --- Cohomology operation. --- Cohomology. --- Conjecture. --- Corollary. --- Diagram (category theory). --- Direct limit. --- Exact sequence. --- Factorization. --- Fibration. --- Functor. --- Galois cohomology. --- Galois extension. --- Group object. --- Homology (mathematics). --- Homotopy category. --- Homotopy. --- Hypersurface. --- Inverse function. --- Mathematical induction. --- Mathematics. --- Milnor K-theory. --- Model category. --- Module (mathematics). --- Monoid. --- Monomorphism. --- Morphism. --- Motivic cohomology. --- Natural number. --- Normal bundle. --- Open set. --- Presheaf (category theory). --- Pushout (category theory). --- Quantity. --- Quillen adjunction. --- Rational point. --- Regular representation. --- Remainder. --- Retract. --- Separable extension. --- Sheaf (mathematics). --- Smooth scheme. --- Special case. --- Subgroup. --- Summation. --- Tangent space. --- Theorem. --- Trivial representation. --- Vladimir Voevodsky. --- Weak equivalence (homotopy theory).

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The ∂̄ Neumann problem is probably the most important and natural example of a non-elliptic boundary value problem, arising as it does from the Cauchy-Riemann equations. It has been known for some time how to prove solvability and regularity by the use of L2 methods. In this monograph the authors apply recent methods involving the Heisenberg group to obtain parametricies and to give sharp estimates in various function spaces, leading to a better understanding of the ∂̄ Neumann problem. The authors have added substantial background material to make the monograph more accessible to students.Originally published in 1977.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Partial differential equations --- Neumann problem. --- Neumann problem --- Mathematics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Calculus --- Boundary value problems --- Differential equations, Partial --- A priori estimate. --- Abuse of notation. --- Analytic continuation. --- Analytic function. --- Approximation. --- Asymptotic expansion. --- Asymptotic formula. --- Basis (linear algebra). --- Besov space. --- Boundary (topology). --- Boundary value problem. --- Boundedness. --- Calculation. --- Cauchy's integral formula. --- Cauchy–Riemann equations. --- Change of variables. --- Characterization (mathematics). --- Combination. --- Commutative property. --- Commutator. --- Complex analysis. --- Complex manifold. --- Complex number. --- Computation. --- Convolution. --- Coordinate system. --- Corollary. --- Counterexample. --- Derivative. --- Determinant. --- Differential equation. --- Dimension (vector space). --- Dimension. --- Dimensional analysis. --- Dirichlet boundary condition. --- Eigenvalues and eigenvectors. --- Elliptic boundary value problem. --- Equation. --- Error term. --- Estimation. --- Even and odd functions. --- Existential quantification. --- Function space. --- Fundamental solution. --- Green's theorem. --- Half-space (geometry). --- Hardy's inequality. --- Heisenberg group. --- Holomorphic function. --- Infimum and supremum. --- Integer. --- Integral curve. --- Integral expression. --- Inverse function. --- Invertible matrix. --- Iteration. --- Laplace's equation. --- Left inverse. --- Lie algebra. --- Lie group. --- Linear combination. --- Logarithm. --- Lp space. --- Mathematical induction. --- Neumann boundary condition. --- Notation. --- Open problem. --- Orthogonal complement. --- Orthogonality. --- Parametrix. --- Partial derivative. --- Pointwise. --- Polynomial. --- Principal branch. --- Principal part. --- Projection (linear algebra). --- Pseudo-differential operator. --- Quantity. --- Recursive definition. --- Schwartz space. --- Scientific notation. --- Second derivative. --- Self-adjoint. --- Singular value. --- Sobolev space. --- Special case. --- Standard basis. --- Stein manifold. --- Subgroup. --- Subset. --- Summation. --- Support (mathematics). --- Tangent bundle. --- Theorem. --- Theory. --- Upper half-plane. --- Variable (mathematics). --- Vector field. --- Volume element. --- Weak solution. --- Neumann, Problème de --- Equations aux derivees partielles --- Problemes aux limites

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In 1970, Phillip Griffiths envisioned that points at infinity could be added to the classifying space D of polarized Hodge structures. In this book, Kazuya Kato and Sampei Usui realize this dream by creating a logarithmic Hodge theory. They use the logarithmic structures begun by Fontaine-Illusie to revive nilpotent orbits as a logarithmic Hodge structure. The book focuses on two principal topics. First, Kato and Usui construct the fine moduli space of polarized logarithmic Hodge structures with additional structures. Even for a Hermitian symmetric domain D, the present theory is a refinement of the toroidal compactifications by Mumford et al. For general D, fine moduli spaces may have slits caused by Griffiths transversality at the boundary and be no longer locally compact. Second, Kato and Usui construct eight enlargements of D and describe their relations by a fundamental diagram, where four of these enlargements live in the Hodge theoretic area and the other four live in the algebra-group theoretic area. These two areas are connected by a continuous map given by the SL(2)-orbit theorem of Cattani-Kaplan-Schmid. This diagram is used for the construction in the first topic.

Hodge theory. --- Logarithms. --- Logs (Logarithms) --- Algebra --- Complex manifolds --- Differentiable manifolds --- Geometry, Algebraic --- Homology theory --- Algebraic group. --- Algebraic variety. --- Analytic manifold. --- Analytic space. --- Annulus (mathematics). --- Arithmetic group. --- Atlas (topology). --- Canonical map. --- Classifying space. --- Coefficient. --- Cohomology. --- Compactification (mathematics). --- Complex manifold. --- Complex number. --- Congruence subgroup. --- Conjecture. --- Connected component (graph theory). --- Continuous function. --- Convex cone. --- Degeneracy (mathematics). --- Diagram (category theory). --- Differential form. --- Direct image functor. --- Divisor. --- Elliptic curve. --- Equivalence class. --- Existential quantification. --- Finite set. --- Functor. --- Geometry. --- Hodge structure. --- Homeomorphism. --- Homomorphism. --- Inverse function. --- Iwasawa decomposition. --- Local homeomorphism. --- Local ring. --- Local system. --- Logarithmic. --- Maximal compact subgroup. --- Modular curve. --- Modular form. --- Moduli space. --- Monodromy. --- Monoid. --- Morphism. --- Natural number. --- Nilpotent orbit. --- Nilpotent. --- Open problem. --- Open set. --- P-adic Hodge theory. --- P-adic number. --- Point at infinity. --- Proper morphism. --- Pullback (category theory). --- Quotient space (topology). --- Rational number. --- Relative interior. --- Ring (mathematics). --- Ring homomorphism. --- Scientific notation. --- Set (mathematics). --- Sheaf (mathematics). --- Smooth morphism. --- Special case. --- Strong topology. --- Subgroup. --- Subobject. --- Subset. --- Surjective function. --- Tangent bundle. --- Taylor series. --- Theorem. --- Topological space. --- Topology. --- Transversality (mathematics). --- Two-dimensional space. --- Vector bundle. --- Vector space. --- Weak topology.

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Outer billiards is a basic dynamical system defined relative to a convex shape in the plane. B. H. Neumann introduced this system in the 1950's, and J. Moser popularized it as a toy model for celestial mechanics. All along, the so-called Moser-Neumann question has been one of the central problems in the field. This question asks whether or not one can have an outer billiards system with an unbounded orbit. The Moser-Neumann question is an idealized version of the question of whether, because of small disturbances in its orbit, the Earth can break out of its orbit and fly away from the Sun. In Outer Billiards on Kites, Richard Schwartz presents his affirmative solution to the Moser-Neumann problem. He shows that an outer billiards system can have an unbounded orbit when defined relative to any irrational kite. A kite is a quadrilateral having a diagonal that is a line of bilateral symmetry. The kite is irrational if the other diagonal divides the quadrilateral into two triangles whose areas are not rationally related. In addition to solving the basic problem, Schwartz relates outer billiards on kites to such topics as Diophantine approximation, the modular group, self-similar sets, polytope exchange maps, profinite completions of the integers, and solenoids--connections that together allow for a fairly complete analysis of the dynamical system.

Hyperbolic spaces. --- Singularities (Mathematics) --- Transformations (Mathematics) --- Geometry, Plane. --- Plane geometry --- Algorithms --- Differential invariants --- Geometry, Differential --- Geometry, Algebraic --- Hyperbolic complex manifolds --- Manifolds, Hyperbolic complex --- Spaces, Hyperbolic --- Geometry, Non-Euclidean --- Abelian group. --- Automorphism. --- Big O notation. --- Bijection. --- Binary number. --- Bisection. --- Borel set. --- C0. --- Calculation. --- Cantor set. --- Cartesian coordinate system. --- Combination. --- Compass-and-straightedge construction. --- Congruence subgroup. --- Conjecture. --- Conjugacy class. --- Continuity equation. --- Convex lattice polytope. --- Convex polytope. --- Coprime integers. --- Counterexample. --- Cyclic group. --- Diameter. --- Diophantine approximation. --- Diophantine equation. --- Disjoint sets. --- Disjoint union. --- Division by zero. --- Embedding. --- Equation. --- Equivalence class. --- Ergodic theory. --- Ergodicity. --- Factorial. --- Fiber bundle. --- Fibonacci number. --- Fundamental domain. --- Gauss map. --- Geometry. --- Half-integer. --- Homeomorphism. --- Hyperbolic geometry. --- Hyperplane. --- Ideal triangle. --- Intersection (set theory). --- Interval exchange transformation. --- Inverse function. --- Inverse limit. --- Isometry group. --- Lattice (group). --- Limit set. --- Line segment. --- Linear algebra. --- Linear function. --- Line–line intersection. --- Main diagonal. --- Modular group. --- Monotonic function. --- Multiple (mathematics). --- Orthant. --- Outer billiard. --- Parallelogram. --- Parameter. --- Partial derivative. --- Penrose tiling. --- Permutation. --- Piecewise. --- Polygon. --- Polyhedron. --- Polytope. --- Product topology. --- Projective geometry. --- Rectangle. --- Renormalization. --- Rhombus. --- Right angle. --- Rotational symmetry. --- Sanity check. --- Scientific notation. --- Semicircle. --- Sign (mathematics). --- Special case. --- Square root of 2. --- Subsequence. --- Summation. --- Symbolic dynamics. --- Symmetry group. --- Tangent. --- Tetrahedron. --- Theorem. --- Toy model. --- Translational symmetry. --- Trapezoid. --- Triangle group. --- Triangle inequality. --- Two-dimensional space. --- Upper and lower bounds. --- Upper half-plane. --- Without loss of generality. --- Yair Minsky.

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The recent introduction of the Seiberg-Witten invariants of smooth four-manifolds has revolutionized the study of those manifolds. The invariants are gauge-theoretic in nature and are close cousins of the much-studied SU(2)-invariants defined over fifteen years ago by Donaldson. On a practical level, the new invariants have proved to be more powerful and have led to a vast generalization of earlier results. This book is an introduction to the Seiberg-Witten invariants. The work begins with a review of the classical material on Spin c structures and their associated Dirac operators. Next comes a discussion of the Seiberg-Witten equations, which is set in the context of nonlinear elliptic operators on an appropriate infinite dimensional space of configurations. It is demonstrated that the space of solutions to these equations, called the Seiberg-Witten moduli space, is finite dimensional, and its dimension is then computed. In contrast to the SU(2)-case, the Seiberg-Witten moduli spaces are shown to be compact. The Seiberg-Witten invariant is then essentially the homology class in the space of configurations represented by the Seiberg-Witten moduli space. The last chapter gives a flavor for the applications of these new invariants by computing the invariants for most Kahler surfaces and then deriving some basic toological consequences for these surfaces.

Four-manifolds (Topology) --- Seiberg-Witten invariants. --- Mathematical physics. --- Physical mathematics --- Physics --- Invariants --- 4-dimensional manifolds (Topology) --- 4-manifolds (Topology) --- Four dimensional manifolds (Topology) --- Manifolds, Four dimensional --- Low-dimensional topology --- Topological manifolds --- Mathematics --- Affine space. --- Affine transformation. --- Algebra bundle. --- Algebraic surface. --- Almost complex manifold. --- Automorphism. --- Banach space. --- Clifford algebra. --- Cohomology. --- Cokernel. --- Complex dimension. --- Complex manifold. --- Complex plane. --- Complex projective space. --- Complex vector bundle. --- Complexification (Lie group). --- Computation. --- Configuration space. --- Conjugate transpose. --- Covariant derivative. --- Curvature form. --- Curvature. --- Differentiable manifold. --- Differential topology. --- Dimension (vector space). --- Dirac equation. --- Dirac operator. --- Division algebra. --- Donaldson theory. --- Duality (mathematics). --- Eigenvalues and eigenvectors. --- Elliptic operator. --- Elliptic surface. --- Equation. --- Fiber bundle. --- Frenet–Serret formulas. --- Gauge fixing. --- Gauge theory. --- Gaussian curvature. --- Geometry. --- Group homomorphism. --- Hilbert space. --- Hodge index theorem. --- Homology (mathematics). --- Homotopy. --- Identity (mathematics). --- Implicit function theorem. --- Intersection form (4-manifold). --- Inverse function theorem. --- Isomorphism class. --- K3 surface. --- Kähler manifold. --- Levi-Civita connection. --- Lie algebra. --- Line bundle. --- Linear map. --- Linear space (geometry). --- Linearization. --- Manifold. --- Mathematical induction. --- Moduli space. --- Multiplication theorem. --- Neighbourhood (mathematics). --- One-form. --- Open set. --- Orientability. --- Orthonormal basis. --- Parameter space. --- Parametric equation. --- Parity (mathematics). --- Partial derivative. --- Principal bundle. --- Projection (linear algebra). --- Pullback (category theory). --- Quadratic form. --- Quaternion algebra. --- Quotient space (topology). --- Riemann surface. --- Riemannian manifold. --- Sard's theorem. --- Sign (mathematics). --- Sobolev space. --- Spin group. --- Spin representation. --- Spin structure. --- Spinor field. --- Subgroup. --- Submanifold. --- Surjective function. --- Symplectic geometry. --- Symplectic manifold. --- Tangent bundle. --- Tangent space. --- Tensor product. --- Theorem. --- Three-dimensional space (mathematics). --- Trace (linear algebra). --- Transversality (mathematics). --- Two-form. --- Zariski tangent space.