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Menschen, die infolge von Gewaltkonflikten oder Naturkatastrophen in eine humanitäre Notlage geraten sind, benötigen Hilfe. Diese ethische Selbstverständlichkeit hat mit der Gründung des Roten Kreuzes vor mehr als 150 Jahren einen institutionellen Rahmen bekommen.  Seitdem ist die humanitäre Hilfe, also das organisierte und professionelle Helfen in humanitären Krisen und Katastrophen, stark gewachsen. Humanitäre Organisationen sind fast weltweit aktiv. In der Praxis erweist sich die humanitäre Hilfe als eine große Herausforderung. Hilfsorganisationen stehen unter einem hohen Erwartungs- und Zeitdruck: Sie sollen schnell, effektiv und reibungslos Hilfe zum Überleben leisten. Die Hilfe soll unparteiisch, neutral und nachhaltig sein und sich allein an den Bedürfnissen der betroffenen Menschen orientieren. Staatliche Geber, private Spender und auch die Hilfeempfänger verlangen Rechenschaft über den sinnvollen Einsatz der Hilfsgelder.  Seit Jahren nehmen Naturkatastrophen in Zahl und Umfang zu. Gewaltkonflikte entwickeln sich zu chronischen Krisen mit einer Kriegswirtschaft, die es schwieriger macht, die Betroffenen zu unterstützen. Die Helferinnen und Helfer sehen sich konfrontiert mit zunehmend komplexeren Notlagen, divergierenden Geberinteressen, politischer Einflussnahme und konkurrierenden Hilfsangeboten. Sie geraten zwischen die Fronten und werden Opfer von gewaltsamen Übergriffen. Auch Missbrauch und politische Instrumentalisierung kommen vor.  Dieses Buch trägt zu einem besseren Verständnis von humanitären Krisen und ihren Folgen bei. Es zeigt, wie sich die humanitäre Hilfe in einem internationalen System entwickelt hat und wie die verschiedenen Akteure ihre Rolle definieren und ausfüllen. Es zeigt auch, wie schwierig es ist, dem hohen ethischen Anspruch an unparteiische und von politischen Interessen unabhängige Hilfe gerecht zu werden.  Die Autorinnen und Autoren – Vertreter von Hilfsorganisationen und Wissenschaft – zeigen aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven auf, wie humanitäre Hilfe zwischen Anspruch und Wirklichkeit versucht, dem weltweit wachsenden Hilfebedarf gerecht zu werden.

International humanitarian law. --- International relations. --- Natural disasters. --- International Humanitarian Law, Law of Armed Conflict. --- International Relations. --- Natural Hazards. --- Humanitarian assistance.

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This book offers the first comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the provisions of the ‘Malabo Protocol’—the amendment protocol to the Statute of the African Court of Justice and Human and Peoples’ Rights—adopted by the African Union at its 2014 Summit in Malabo, Equatorial Guinea. The Annex to the protocol, once it has received the required number of ratifications, will create a new Section in the African Court of Justice and Human and Peoples’ Rights with jurisdiction over international and transnational crimes, hence an ‘African Criminal Court’. In this book, leading experts in the field of international criminal law analyze the main provisions of the Annex to the Malabo Protocol. The book provides an essential and topical source of information for scholars, practitioners and students in the field of international criminal law, and for all readers with an interest in political science and African studies. Gerhard Werle is Professor of German and Internationa l Crimina l Law, Criminal Procedure and Modern Legal History at Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Director of the South African-German Centre for Transnational Criminal Justice. In addition, he is an Extraordinary Professor at the University of the Western Cape and Honorary Professor at North-West University of Political Science and Law (Xi’an, China). Moritz Vormbaum received his doctoral degree in criminal law from the University of Münster (Germany) and his postdoctoral degree from Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. He is a Senior Researcher at Humboldt-Universität, as well as a coordinator and lecturer at the South African-German Centre for Transnational Criminal Justice.

International criminal law. --- International humanitarian law. --- Human rights. --- International Criminal Law . --- International Humanitarian Law, Law of Armed Conflict. --- Human Rights.

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This edited volume critically examines the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) as a guiding norm in international politics. After NATO’s intervention in Libya, against the backdrop of civil wars in Syria and Yemen, and because of the cynical support for R2P by states such as Saudi Arabia, this norm is the subject of heavy criticism. It seems that the R2P is just political rhetoric, an instrument exploited by the powerful states. Hence, the R2P is being challenged. At the same time, however, institutional settings, normative discourses and contestation practices are making it more robust. New understandings of responsibility and the politics of protection are creating new normative spaces, patterns of legitimacy, and norm entrepreneurs, thereby reinforcing the R2P. This book’s goals are to discuss the R2P’s roots, institutional framework, and evolution; to reveal its shortcomings and pitfalls; and to explore how it is exploited by certain states. Further, it elaborates on the R2P’s strength as a norm. Accordingly, the contributions presented here discuss various ways in which the R2P is being challenged or confirmed, or both at once. As the authors demonstrate, these developments concern not only diplomatic communication and political practices within international institutions, but also to normative discourses. Furthermore, the book includes chapters that reevaluate the R2P from a normative standpoint, e.g. by proposing cosmopolitan standards as a guide for states’ external behavior. Other contributors reassess the historical evidence from U.N. negotiations on the R2P principle, and the productive or restrictive role of institutions. Discussing new issues relating to the R2P such as global and regional power shifts or foreign policy, as well as the phenomenon of authoritarian interventionism under the R2P umbrella, this book will appeal to all IR scholars and students interested in humanitarianism, norms, and power. By analyzing the status quo of the R2P, it enriches and broadens the debate on what the R2P currently is, and what it ought to be.

International organization. --- Humanitarian law. --- International relations. --- International Organization. --- International Humanitarian Law, Law of Armed Conflict. --- International Relations Theory. --- International Law --- Law

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This book explores the meaning and implementation of international children’s rights law, as laid down in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child and related international and regional human rights instruments. It considers the application of international children’s rights at the national level and addresses key procedural and institutional matters concerning children’s rights implementation, including monitoring, complaints mechanisms, effective remedies, advocacy and international agenda-setting. The book breaks new ground by analysing a wide range of international children’s rights issues from a legal perspective. It incorporates a comparative perspective on children’s rights law at the international, regional and domestic level and contains information on evidence-based strategies towards the implementation and enforcement of international children’s rights law. The book is targeted at academics, legal and other professionals, and advanced students. It analyses children’s rights law in the following areas: implementation and enforcement; advocacy and standard setting; complaints and remedies; the child and the family; adoption; alternative care; protection from violence; civil rights of the child; economic, social and cultural rights; education; health; migration and refugees; children and the justice system; children with disabilities; deprivation of liberty; children’s rights and digital technologies; war and disaster; sustainable development goals and further contemporary issues.

Human rights. --- Social justice. --- International humanitarian law. --- Human Rights. --- Social Justice, Equality and Human Rights. --- International Humanitarian Law, Law of Armed Conflict.

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The starting point of this book is the generally shared observation that in violence-torn areas of limited statehood, the civilian population is often subject to deliberate attacks. This violence often escalates to core crimes such as war crimes, crimes against humanity and even genocide. The International Criminal Court (ICC) could potentially deter such crimes. In order to do so, it largely depends on the cooperation of the states on the territory of which alleged core criminals operate. Since such states are often unwilling or unable to cooperate, the book explores whether the ICC could instead seek assistance from international forces such as UN peace support operations, UN-mandated missions, and belligerent occupants. The book covers, on the one hand, the law and practice of the UN Security Council with regard to mandating international forces to arrest and transfer alleged offenders to the ICC or to other international courts. On the other, it addresses to what extent international forces may or must hand alleged offenders over to the ICC, regardless of such mandates. More precisely, the book examines whether the duties to prosecute genocide, torture, enforced disappearance, grave breaches and other war crimes apply extraterritorially and – if so – whether international forces can discharge these duties by transferring suspects to the ICC. At the same time, the book addresses the limitations to such extraterritorial action: firstly, to what extent the prohibition of the use of force and the principle of territorial sovereignty restrict extraterritorial deprivations of liberty and transfer to the ICC. Secondly, it explores the restrictions and permissions that the law of occupation and other norms of international humanitarian law impose on such apprehensions and transfers. Finally, it discusses how international forces can uphold the right to liberty and security as well as the principle of non-refoulement when they extraterritorially apprehend ICC suspects. This also reflects the book’s relevance with regard to the more general debate on the extraterritorial application of human rights.

Criminal procedure (International law) --- International criminal law. --- Humanitarian law. --- Politics and war. --- International Criminal Law. --- International Humanitarian Law, Law of Armed Conflict. --- Military and Defence Studies.