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The book gives a detailed theoretical background of the constructional principles of instruments necessary for the most general tasks of surveying. Undergraduate and graduate students will find it very useful in surveying studies to get acquainted with the broad variety of instruments, both classical and new ones. At the same time, specialists in surveying will also find the book full of new material. The book contains about 600 pictures, including photographs and detailed descriptions of the most representative types of instrumentation. Older types of instruments already out of use, or us

Geodesy --- Surveying --- Optical instruments. --- Optics --- Physical instruments --- Instruments, Surveying --- Surveying instruments --- Engineering instruments --- Scientific apparatus and instruments --- Degrees of latitude and longitude --- Geodetics --- Geophysics --- Geomatics --- Mathematical geography --- Instruments. --- Instruments