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A topic that is often debated nowadays is that of influenza. Influenza is complex because of the virus that causes this decrease and its great capacity for adaptation. The virus and its capacity for adaptation will be starting point of the analysis. A review of serve epidemics will be made and the different steps leading to vaccination will then be considered. Next, the available treatments at the moment as well as a few preventive gestures will be focused on. I will also offer an explanation on the mechanism of action of vaccine against influenza as well as on the galenic formulation of one of the six vaccines against seasonal influenza and finally on Pandemrix®, the much debated vaccine against Mexican influenza H1N1. This will bring to the question of the reaction of World Health Organization on presence of squalene in the vaccine. Squalene is actually used as adjuvant in vaccines (for instance MF 59). Its mechanism will also be described. Finally, the manufacturing process will be considered including the strain(s) search, the marketing and regulations La grippe, un sujet qui a largement fait l’actualité de ces derniers mois, sera au centre de cet exposé. La grippe est complexe de par le virus qui cause cette maladie et sa grande capacité d’adaptation. Ce virus et sa faculté d’adaptation seront el point de départ de la réflexion. Un historique rappelant les grandes épidémies de grippe ainsi que les étapes menant à la vaccination proprement dite sera décrit. Seront ensuite abordés les traitements actuellement disponibles ainsi que quelques gestes utiles à la prévention. Après, le mode d’action d’un vaccin sera expliqué tout comme la galénique des six vaccins contre la grippe saisonnière et le Pandemrix®, un vaccin controversé contre la grippe mexicaine H1N1. Cette controverse fera l’objet d’une réflexion notamment sur la relation entre l’Organisation Mondiale de la Santé et la présence de squalène dans les vaccins. Le squalène est la base des adjuvants (exemple du MF59) dont le mécanisme sera décrit ici. Enfin, tout le processus de fabrication avec la recherche de la ou des souches à mettre en œuvre jusqu’à la commercialisation et les réglementations sera expliqué

Influenza Vaccines --- Influenza A Virus H1N1 Subtype

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Avian influenza. --- Avian influenza A virus.

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Influenza A virus, HINI subtype --- immunology --- Influenza A virus, HINI subtype --- immunology

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Influenza A virus --- Emergency management --- Epidemics --- Children --- Prevention.

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Influenza A virus --- Swine influenza --- Swine --- Prevention. --- Diseases