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A hallmark of inflammation is the accumulation of leukocytes, which can serve to remove pathogens and necrotic tissue, but may also damage healthy tissue and exacerbate the inflammatory response. Our understanding of leukocyte recruitment in inflammation was revolutionized in the late 1980s by the discovery of chemokines (chemotactic cytokines), a family of small, secreted proteins that induce migration of selective subsets of leukocytes. Shortly afterwards, chemokines were found to exert their functions through the now familiar chemokine receptors, members of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily. As their physiological and pathological functions were elucidated, chemokine receptors have become popular targets for drug development in inflammatory diseases as well as cancer metastasis and HIV infection. Extensive research has revealed that the functions of chemokines and their receptors are regulated at numerous levels, including: genetic mutations/polymorphisms; control of expression levels; ligand internalization via functional or decoy receptors; intrinsic selectivity of chemokine-receptor binding; hetero- or homo-oligomerization of chemokines or of receptors; alternative signalling pathways; interaction of chemokines with glycosaminoglycans; post-translational modifications; and binding to pathogen-derived inhibitors. This Special Issue of IJMS focused on the natural and pharmacological mechanisms by which the activities of chemokines and their receptors can be regulated.
Chemokines. --- Chemotactic cytokines --- Inflammatory peptides --- Intercrines --- Cytokines --- Inflammation --- Peptides --- Mediators
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How do you keep track of basic information on the proteins you work with? Where do you find details of their physicochemical properties, amino acid sequences, gene organization? Are you tired of scanning review articles, primary papers and databases to locate that elusive fact? The Academic Press FactsBook series will satisfy scientists and clinical researchers suffering from information overload. Each volume provides a catalog of the essential properties of families of molecules. Gene organization, amino acid sequences, physicochemical properties, and biological activity are presen
Chemokines --- Cytokines. --- Chemotactic cytokines --- Inflammatory peptides --- Intercrines --- Cellular immunity --- Immune response --- Cytokines --- Inflammation --- Peptides --- Regulation --- Mediators
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The understanding of chemokines, the proteins that control the migration of cells, and their receptors, is critical to the study of causes and therapies for a wide range of human diseases and infections, including certain types of cancer, inflammatory diseases, HIV, and malaria. This volume, focusing on chemokine structure and function, as well as signaling, and its companion volume (Methods in Enzymology volume 461, focusing on chemokines as potential targets for disease intervention) provide a comprehensive overview and time-tested protocols in this field, making it an essential refer
Chemokines. --- Immune system. --- Immunological system --- Chemotactic cytokines --- Inflammatory peptides --- Intercrines --- Anatomy --- Immunology --- Cytokines --- Inflammation --- Peptides --- Mediators
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The fourth edition of The Cytokine Handbook provides an encyclopedic coverage of the molecules that induce and regulate immune responses. Now expanded to two volumes, co-edited by Michael T Lotze, and written by over 120 international experts, the scope of the book has been broadened to include a major emphasis on the clinical applications of cytokines. The early chapters discuss individual cytokines, chemokines and receptors. Additional chapters discuss the clinical implications and applications of cytokines, including cytokine gene transfer, antisense therapy and assay systems. Th
Cytokines --- Chemokines --- Chemotactic cytokines --- Inflammatory peptides --- Intercrines --- Inflammation --- Peptides --- Cellular immunity --- Immune response --- Mediators --- Regulation
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Chemokines. --- Chemokines --- Chemotactic cytokines --- Inflammatory peptides --- Intercrines --- Cytokines --- Inflammation --- Peptides --- Physiological effect. --- Mediators
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Chemokines. --- Immunology. --- Immunobiology --- Life sciences --- Serology --- Chemotactic cytokines --- Inflammatory peptides --- Intercrines --- Cytokines --- Inflammation --- Peptides --- Mediators
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It is commonly acknowledged that the nervous system and the immune system, those most complex of networks, share attributes beyond their intricacy. Elements common to the two systems include memory, connectivity, flexibility and developmental selection of cellular composition by a rigorous process involving widespread programmed cell death. There is one salient difference: the cells of the immune system are predominantly in constant motion, while post-mitotic neurons and glia are largely fixed in place. Therefore, chemokines, initially characterized as leukocyte chemoattractants, have for t
Neuropathology --- Neuroimmunology. --- Chemokines. --- Chemotactic cytokines --- Inflammatory peptides --- Intercrines --- Cytokines --- Inflammation --- Peptides --- Neuroimmunomodulation --- Immunology --- Neurosciences --- Mediators
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To date, there are over twenty different chemokine receptors, binding nearly fifty unique ligands that have been identified. In Chemokine Receptors, leading investigators attempt to distill the large body of literature ranging from basic molecular and cellular mechanism of chemokine receptors, to physiological and pathological roles of chemokines. Chemokines exhibit a tremendous functional diversity and participate in a wide variety of processes that include inflammation, innate and adaptive immunity, immune cell differentiation, angiogenesis, tumorigenesis, development, neurobiology and viral pathogenesis. Chemokine Receptors targets the pharmaceutical industry, provides an authoritative perspective on the future direction of this field, and insights into areas of active development of novel therapeutics.
Chemokines. --- Cell receptors. --- Cell membrane receptors --- Cell surface receptors --- Receptors, Cell --- Binding sites (Biochemistry) --- Cell membranes --- Proteins --- Chemotactic cytokines --- Inflammatory peptides --- Intercrines --- Cytokines --- Inflammation --- Peptides --- Mediators
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The understanding of chemokines, the proteins that control the migration of cells, and their receptors, is critical to the study of causes and therapies for a wide range of human diseases and infections, including certain types of cancer, inflammatory diseases, HIV, and malaria. This volume, focusing on chemokines as potential targets for disease intervention, and its companion volume (Methods in Enzymology volume 462, focusing on chemokine structure and function, as well as signaling) provide a comprehensive overview and time-tested protocols in this field, making it an essential refe
Chemokines. --- Microbiology & Immunology --- Animal Biochemistry --- Biology --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Immune system. --- Immunological system --- Chemotactic cytokines --- Inflammatory peptides --- Intercrines --- Anatomy --- Immunology --- Cytokines --- Inflammation --- Peptides --- Mediators
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This edition of Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology examines the role of chemokines and chemokine receptors in host defense and disease development following viral infection. Chemokines represent a family of over 40 small proteins that, for the most part, are secreted into the environment and function by binding to G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that are expressed on numerous different cell types. When initially identified close to 30 years ago, these molecules were associated with various human inflammatory diseases and it was recognized that expression may be integral in leukocyte recruitment to inflamed tissue. There are now four sub-families of chemokines identified based on defined structural criteria relating to the positional location of conserved cysteine residues within the amino-terminus of the protein. Chemokines are now recognized as important in numerous biological processes ranging from maintaining the organizational integrity of secondary lymphoid tissue to participating in various aspects of both innate and adaptive immune responses following microbial infection. With this in mind, this book highlights the functional roles of chemokines and their receptors in participating in various aspects of the immune response against well-known viral pathogens.
Chemokines --- Virus diseases --- Pathophysiology. --- Pathogenesis. --- Chemotactic cytokines --- Inflammatory peptides --- Intercrines --- Cytokines --- Inflammation --- Peptides --- Viral diseases --- Viral infections --- Virus infections --- Communicable diseases --- Medical virology --- Pathogenic viruses --- Mediators --- Microbiology. --- Medical Microbiology. --- Microbial biology --- Biology --- Microorganisms --- Medical microbiology.
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