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Preterm birth and hypotrophic birth is a major issue of the 21st century. It is responsible for 14.1% of deaths of children younger than five years. Therefore, it is important to further investigate different pathologies, which could lead to preterm birth. Periodontal disease has been linked to preterm birth since Offenbacher first published his study Periodontal infection as a possible risk factor for preterm and low birth weight in 1996. Many studies about the same subject have been published since then but none of them tried to see if the rate of preterm and hypotrophic birth rise as the periodontal status worsens. We propose a study, where the DPSI is used to classify the subjects in four different groups according to their periodontal status to be able to compare if the percentage of preterm and hypotrophic children rises as the periodontal status worsens.Material and Methods: Ethical approval has been granted by the Comité d'Ethique Hospitalo-Facultaire from Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc. Eligible subjects were asked to sign a consent form. Then a DPSI was scored on the eligible subjects between their 9th and 2llh week of pregnancy. Approximately at the expected date of labour, the medical record was checked to see if there was preterm birth or if the child was born small for gestational age (SGA).
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Since 1990, the number of deaths or children under the age of 5 years has almost halved but it still remains important. In 2015, it was estimated at 5,9 million per year. The neonatal mortality represents nearly one million deaths a year. The latter is mainly due to brain damage including hypoxicischemic encephalopathy for which no treatment has yet been found for the premature babies. Erythropoietin is a molecule that as an effect on erythropoiesis and is administered to premature to prevent or treat anemia for many years. It was recently discovered that she had a direct effect on nerve cells which makes it interesting as a neuroprotective agent. It could avoid the complications that can occur in premature infants. Many studies have been made and are ongoing to evaluate its safety, its efficacy and the dose to administer. The dissertation together different informations obtained up to now and discusses the possible future of this compound as a neuroprotector. Depuis 1990, le nombre de décès des enfants de moins de 5 ans a diminué de près de moitié mais il reste néanmoins toujours important. En 2015, il a été évalué à 5,9 millions par an. La mortalité néonatale quant à elle représente un million de décès annuels. Cette dernière est principalement due aux lésions cérébrales dont l'encéphalopathie hypoxique-ischémique pour laquelle aucun traitement n'a encore été trouvé en ce qui concerne les prématurés.L'érythropoïétine est une molécule qui a une action sur l'érythropoïèse et elle est administrée depuis de nombreuses années aux prématurés afin de prévenir ou de traiter l'anémie. Il a été récemment découvert qu'elle avait des effets directs sur les cellules nerveuses ce qui la rend intéressante en tant que neuroprotecteur. Elle pourrait ainsi éviter les nombreuses complications qui peuvent survenir suite à une naissance avant terme. De nombreuses études ont été faites et sont actuellement en cours afin d'évaluer sa sécurité, son efficacité ainsi que les doses à administrer. Ce mémoire rassemble différentes informations obtenues jusqu'à maintenant et discute d'un avenir possible de cette molécule dans cette indication.
Erythropoietin --- Infant, Premature, Diseases --- Neuroprotection
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Cerebral Hemorrhage --- Infant, Premature, Diseases --- congenital
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Infant --- Nephrocalcinosis --- Infant, Premature, Diseases --- Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena --- ultrasonography
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Neonatal intensive care. --- Critical Care --- Infant, Newborn, Diseases. --- Infant, Premature, Diseases. --- In infancy & childhood.
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Frühgeburt. --- Infant, Premature. --- Infant, premature, diseases --- Prématuré. --- Toxoplasmose. --- Toxoplasmosis, congenital --- Toxoplasmosis. --- Etiology. --- Diagnosis.
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Infant, Newborn, Diseases --- Infant, Premature, Diseases --- Intensive Care Units --- Pregnancy Complications --- therapy
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Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding --- Infant, Newborn --- Cerebral Hemorrhage --- Infant, Premature, Diseases --- blood
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