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Traité théorique et pratique de la contrainte par corps en matière criminelle correctionnelle et de simple police ; : suivi d'Un appendice contenant les règlements, circulaires et instructions en vigueur sur l'application de la contrainte par corps, de formules diverses, d'une table des lois, décrets, règlements, etc., commentés ou cités, d'une table alphabétique et analytique des matières
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Year: 1880 Publisher: Paris : A. Durand et Pedone-Lauriel,

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Oppressed by debt : government and the justice system as a creditor of the poor
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ISBN: 1000511774 0367816210 9780367816216 9780367417734 9781032162553 Year: 2022 Publisher: New York, N.Y. Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group

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"This edited collection brings together essays that explore personal debts to government. Intensive collection efforts by governments in need of revenue often cause hardship, whether it is the poor in the US going to jail because of unpaid fines, low-income English people being evicted because they paid their council taxes but could then not pay their rent, or poor former students having tax refunds or social benefits taken by the government when they have defaulted on their student loans. Student loans, fines and fee arising from the justice system, benefit overpayments and unpaid taxes have all ballooned in the past decade, but no other volume comprehensively addresses the various ways in which governments have become privileged creditors, using their power to collect debts owed to them by their citizens. With each essay emphasizing a particular kind of debt to government, the book focuses on what happens when citizens cannot pay the debts they owe to their governments. Contributors offer pragmatic options to facilitate a movement to soften the stance of governments toward those who owe them money. The insights in this collection will be of relevance to students and academics in criminology, sociology, public policy, and economics, as well as policymakers and government officials interested in effecting change in this area"--


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Credit and debt in eighteenth century England : an economic history of debtors' prisons
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ISBN: 0429028210 9780429028212 9780429650567 0429650566 9780429647925 0429647921 9780429645280 0429645287 9780367137113 0367137119 Year: 2021 Volume: n° 61 Publisher: London ; New York : Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group,

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"Throughout the eighteenth-century hundreds of thousands of men and women were cast into prison for failing to pay their debts. This apparently illogical system where debtors were kept away from their places of work remained popular with creditors into the nineteenth century even as Britain witnessed industrialisation, market growth, and the increasing sophistication of commerce, as the debtors' prisons proved surprisingly effective. Due to insufficient early modern currency, almost every exchange was reliant upon the use of credit based upon personal reputation rather than defined collateral, making the lives of traders inherently precarious as they struggled to extract payments based on little more than promises. This book shows how traders turned to debtors' prisons to give those promises defined consequences, the system functioning as a tool of coercive contract enforcement rather than oppression of the poor. Credit and Debt demonstrates for the first time the fundamental contribution of debt imprisonment to the early modern economy and reveals how traders made use of existing institutions to alleviate the instabilities of commerce in the context of unprecedented market growth. This book will be of interest to scholars and researchers in economic history and early modern British history"--


Book
Dangerous politics : risk, political vulnerability and penal policy
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ISBN: 0191795429 0191044296 019104430X Year: 2015 Publisher: New York : Oxford University Press,

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This volume draws on over 60 in-depth interviews with key policymakers to tease out the beliefs, traditions, and political processes that propelled the creation, contestation, and ultimate demise of the Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP) sentence.

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