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This paper assesses the empirical relevance of "dynamic" factors in industrialization in developing countries. Using data from a sample of 91 firms, rates of growth of output per unit of input are calculated. It is shown that there is little basis, at least with regard to Turkish experience, to the notion that non-traditional industries are in some sense more "dynamic" than traditional industries.

Import substitution --- Industrial productivity

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Import substitution --- Industries --- Acuerdo de Cartagena.

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Economic development --- Import substitution --- Foreign trade promotion --- Underdeveloped areas

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Foreign trade promotion --- Import substitution --- Israel --- Commerce. --- Economic conditions.

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"Defenders of massive multinational chains like Wal-Mart and Fortune 500 big business argue that, like it or not, there is no alternative. But in The Small-Mart Revolution, Michael Shuman shows that the benefits these megastores and huge corporations supposedly deliver to communities are illusory. Crunch the numbers and you'll find that locally owned businesses turn out to be much more reliable generators of good jobs, economic growth, tax dollars, community wealth, charitable contributions, social stability, and political participation. Unlike their global competitors, they do this without massive tax breaks and subsidies that often put local economies in a permanent hole. Plus, contrary to popular belief, local businesses are competitive with the multinationals - and gaining ground every day. Shuman highlights numerous trends that are making the old "bigger is better" economies-of-scale argument obsolete, and he describes a variety of innovative strategies these businesses are using to successfully compete with their oversized competitors. He also shows how consumers, investors, and policymakers can support their own communities by "going local.""--Résumé de l'éditeur.

Business --- Small business --- Import substitution --- Globalization --- Small business. --- Business. --- Economic aspects