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Nowadays, more and more people suffer from intestinal diseases. Sorne of them are due to the microorganism C.difficile. lt causes an illness called pseudomembranous colitis (PMC). We observed a real emergence of relapses. The problem is that there is no real treatment against recurrent C.difficile infection because new resistances against classic pharmacological treatment appear. Vancomycin n or metronidazole aren't sufficient anymore. That's why doctors try new ideas to treat these patients. They decided to use an old method called fecal microbiota transplantation. This technique is simple. They reintroduce normal flora in the colon via donor feces. The normal bowel function can be reestablished thanks to this method because it reintroduces healthy microbiota. This technique has shown interest in many practical cases because it is simple and effective. This dissertation is a global review of the literature. lt will highlight the technical aspect of the method. lt will show important points and questions about fecalotherapy. Depuis quelques années, une relative émergence des infections à C.diffici/e a lieu. Le nombre de colites pseudo-membraneuses est de plus en plus élevé et plus particulièrement en milieu hospitalier où de nombreuses épidémies se produisent. Les traitements médicamenteux classiques : vancomycine, métronidazole ne suffisent plus car de nombreuses résistances apparaissent à ces antibiotiques et entraînent de nombreux cas de rechutes chez les patients. C'est pourquoi une nouvelle technique est de plus en plus mise en pratique : la fécalothérapie. Cette méthode consiste en une transplantation du microbiote d'un donneur sain via le don de ses fèces vers le receveur. Le but sera de restaurer le microbiote âbimé suite à la pathologie intestinale. Cette technique a montré son intérêt dans de nombreux cas, car elle s'est révélée simple et efficace. Le mémoire consistera en une revue générale de la littérature. Il mettra en évidence les aspects techniques et pratiques de la méthode, soulignera les points importants et mettra en évidence certaines questions reliées à une telle pratique.

Clostridium --- Fecal Impaction --- Fecal Microbiota Transplantation

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The orthodontic and surgical modality has largely been adopted for the treatment of impacted teeth, but there is considerable difference of opinion between the two specialties as to which procedures should be carried out first and to what lengths each should be pursued. There are further controversies about good and bad practice. This new edition of a bestselling text discusses all aspects of the problem, from prevalence, through aetiology, to clinical treatment, long term prognosis and the reasons for failure. The material is meticulously documented and provides a wealth of sound, evidence-based advice for the Orthodontist and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon.

Teeth --- Orthodontics, Corrective --- Tooth, Impacted --- Tooth Movement Techniques. --- Cleidocranial Dysplasia. --- Orthodontie. --- Inclusion dentaire --- Orthopédie dento-faciale. --- Impaction --- methods. --- surgery. --- diagnosis. --- surgery --- Chirurgie.