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Chiefdoms --- Political anthropology --- Ethnoarchaeology --- Landscape archaeology --- History. --- Imerina (Madagascar) --- Antiquities.
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Chiefdoms --- Political anthropology --- Ethnoarchaeology --- Landscape archaeology --- History. --- Imerina (Madagascar) --- Antiquities. --- History --- Antiquities --- Anthropology, Political --- Government, Primitive --- Ethnology --- Political science --- Archaeology --- Cultural landscapes --- Ethnic archaeology --- Ethnicity in archaeology --- Ethnology in archaeology --- Social archaeology --- Chieftaincies --- Chieftainships --- Anthropological aspects --- Methodology --- Imerina, Madagascar --- Emyrne (Madagascar) --- Imaïrne (Madagascar) --- Chiefdoms - Madagascar - Imerina - History --- Political anthropology - Madagascar - Imerina --- Ethnoarchaeology - Madagascar - Imerina --- Landscape archaeology - Madagascar - Imerina --- Imerina (Madagascar) - History --- Imerina (Madagascar) - Antiquities
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Mérina (Peuple de Madagascar) --- Merina (Malagasy people). --- Succession. --- 1810-1885. --- Madagascar. --- Imerina (Madagascar), Royaume. --- Madagascar, 19e s. --- Mérina (Peuple de Madagascar). --- Rois et souverains --- Kings and rulers --- Madagascar --- History --- Histoire
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Paysages et paysans merina sont au cœur d'une géographie intimiste des campagnes malgaches. Le paysage de ces hautes terres tropicales s'articule sur deux unités : la colline à fine pellicule de sols (la « chair de la terre ») et le bas-fond organisé autour de l'eau (« l'œil de l'eau »). Collines et bas-fonds sont perçus et interprétés par les paysans qui les valorisent et n'hésitent pas à les remodeler. La mosaïque rurale de l'Imerina est illustrée par les exemples de trois petits pays situés à faible distance de la capitale Tananarive. Leur personnalité résulte de combinaisons entre héritages historiques et permanences écologiques. Leur ruralité s'enrichit également de liaisons avec la grande ville qui suscitent de nouvelles activités. Chaque petit pays s'inscrit dans une dynamique sociale qui s'enracine dans le passé. À partir de ces histoires particulières, la crise des années quatre-vingt a joué un rôle d'accélérateur pour l'invention de solutions locales (eucalyptus, ananas, élevage laitier). La quête quotidienne de numéraire entame la production rizicole, fondement de l'alimentation. Contexte naturel, histoire des lieux et ruralité des sociétés construisent une identité merina que des initiatives paysannes ne cessent de recomposer. Le développement rural ne réussira pas en dehors de ces dynamiques locales, atout et gage d'espoir.
Peasants --- Agriculture --- Economic aspects --- Tropics. --- Imerina (Madagascar) --- Rural conditions. --- Tropical agriculture --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Peasantry --- Agricultural laborers --- Rural population --- Marks (Medieval land tenure) --- Villeinage --- Imerina, Madagascar --- Emyrne (Madagascar) --- Imaïrne (Madagascar) --- innovation --- système agraire --- colline --- perception de l'espace --- développement rural --- reforestation --- Madagascar --- riziculture --- paysannerie --- risque agricole --- économie rurale --- unité de paysage --- région --- changement social --- stratégie paysanne --- agriculture traditionnelle --- budget familial --- pratique culturale --- crise économique --- foncier rural
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Nineteenth-century highland Madagascar was a place inhabited by the dead as much as the living. Ghosts, ancestors and the possessed were important historical actors alongside local kings and queens, soldiers, traders and missionaries. This book considers the challenges that such actors pose for historical accounts of the past and for thinking about questions of presence and representation. How were the dead made present, and how were they recognized or not? In attending to these multifarious encounters of the nineteenth century, how might we reflect on the ways in which our own history-writing makes the dead present? To tackle these questions, Zoë Crossland tells an anthropological history of highland Madagascar from a perspective rooted in archaeology and Peircean semiotics, as well as in landscape study, oral history and textual sources.
Ethnology --- Semiotics --- Dead --- Landscapes --- Merina (Malagasy people) --- Missions --- Ethnology. --- Missions. --- Religion. --- Semiotics. --- Religious aspects. --- Symbolic aspects --- Symbolic aspects. --- 1800-1899. --- Madagascar --- Imerina (Madagascar) --- Madagascar. --- History --- Religion --- Antimerina (Malagasy people) --- Hova (Malagasy people) --- Hovas --- Imerina (Malagasy people) --- Ovah (Malagasy people) --- Countryside --- Landscape --- Natural scenery --- Scenery --- Scenic landscapes --- Nature --- Dead (in religion, folk-lore, etc.) --- Semeiotics --- Semiology (Linguistics) --- Semantics --- Signs and symbols --- Structuralism (Literary analysis) --- Imerina, Madagascar --- Emyrne (Madagascar) --- Imaïrne (Madagascar) --- Madagaskar --- Democratic Republic of Madagascar --- Repoblika Demokratika n'i Madagaskar --- Repoblika Demokratika Malagasy --- République démocratique de Madagascar --- RDM --- Repoblikan'i Madagasikara --- République de Madagascar --- Repoblikan'i Madakasikara --- Madagasikara --- Republic of Madagascar --- マダガスカル --- Madagasukaru --- מדגסקר --- Malagasy Republic
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