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Dans le but de rétablir une locomotion quadrupédique aux animaux amputés, diverses 
prothèses ont été imaginées. Les appareils prothétiques amovibles existants ont plusieurs 
avantages mais également des inconvénients, tels qu’une douleur par le frottement ou encore 
des escarres. Ainsi, les prothèses ITAP (« Intraosseous transcutaneous amputation 
prosthesis ») ou PerFiTS (« Percutaneous fixation to skeleton ») ont été élaborées pour 
contrecarrer ces désavantages. Ce type de prothèse intraosseuse transcutanée consiste en une 
endoprothèse – c’est-à-dire une prothèse en titane qui se fixe directement dans la cavité 
médullaire de l’os et qui traverse la peau – et une exoprothèse amovible, qui s’attache à la 
cheville externe de l’endoprothèse et qui permet à la patte de s’appuyer sur le sol. Le principal 
défi est le risque d’infection. En effet, la prothèse pénètre à travers la peau, barrière 
indispensable pour empêcher toute invasion d’agents pathogènes. Ainsi, au cours de la 
recherche pour créer une interface implant-peau et implant-os antiseptique, l’anatomie 
analogue du bois des cervidés a inspiré la conception de l’ITAP. Des matériaux 
spécifiquement étudiés revêtent les endroits clés de l’implant pour permettre à la fois une 
ostéointégration de l’implant à l’os, ainsi que pour favoriser la croissance de la peau sur 
l’implant – et in fine, créer une barrière aseptique qui empêcherait les infections. In order to restore a quadrupedic locomotion to amputated animals, various prostheses have 
been devised. The existing removable prosthetic devices have several advantages but also 
disadvantages, such as pain due to friction or pressure sores. The ITAP (« Intraosseous 
transcutaneous amputation prostheses ») or PerFiTS (« Percutaneous fixation to skeleton ») 
prostheses were developed to counteract these disadvantages. This type of transcutaneous 
intraosseous prosthesis consists of an endroprosthesis – i.e. a titanium prosthesis that attaches
directly into the medullary cavity of the bone and passes through the skin – and a removable 
exoprosthetis which attaches to the outer ankle and allows the leg to rest on the ground. The 
main challenge is the risk of infection. Indeed, the prosthesis penetrates through the skin, 
which is an essential barrier to prevent the invasion of pathogens. So, in the course of the 
research to create an antiseptic skin-implant and implant-bone interface, the analogous 
anatomy of deer antlers inspired the design of the ITAP. Specifically studied materials coat 
key areas of the implant to allow both osseointegration of the implant to the bone, as well as 
to promote skin growth over the implant – and ultimately create an aseptic barrier that would 
prevent infections.

ITAP --- Prothèse --- Implant --- amputation --- Chien --- Ostéointégration --- Sciences du vivant > Médecine vétérinaire & santé animale

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Micro- and nanomanufacturing technologies have been researched and developed in the industrial environment with the goal of supporting product miniaturization and the integration of new functionalities. The technological development of new materials and processing methods needs to be supported by predictive models which can simulate the interactions between materials, process states, and product properties. In comparison with the conventional manufacturing scale, micro- and nanoscale technologies require the study of different mechanical, thermal, and fluid dynamics, phenomena which need to be assessed and modeled.This Special Issue is dedicated to advances in the modeling of micro- and nanomanufacturing processes. The development of new models, validation of state-of-the-art modeling strategies, and approaches to material model calibration are presented. The goal is to provide state-of-the-art examples of the use of modeling and simulation in micro- and nanomanufacturing processes, promoting the diffusion and development of these technologies.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- modular microfluidic system --- 3D printing --- gel microspheres --- laser-induced periodical surface structures --- micro-injection molding --- replication --- surface wettability --- micro-groove --- electrochemical machining --- porous cathode --- conductive mask --- machining localization --- dimensional uniformity --- nanogrinding --- abrasive grains --- rake angle --- spacing --- grinding forces --- grinding temperature --- chip formation --- subsurface damage --- micro injection molding --- additive manufacturing --- stereolithography --- K9 glass --- mathematical model --- grinding force --- brittle fracture --- ductile–brittle transition --- active grains number --- lithography simulation --- microelectromechanical system --- waveguide method --- microstructure --- radial ultrasonic rolling electrochemical micromachining (RUR-EMM) --- material removal amount --- surface roughness --- response surface methodology (RSM) --- turning --- minimum chip thickness --- micromachining --- femtosecond micromachining --- burst processing --- intraocular lens --- hydrophilic acrylic --- polishing --- laser assisted turning --- tungsten carbide --- diamond turning --- finite element analysis --- prostheses --- ITAP --- micro topology --- ANSYS --- MATLAB --- additive manufacture --- n/a --- ductile-brittle transition

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
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Micro- and nanomanufacturing technologies have been researched and developed in the industrial environment with the goal of supporting product miniaturization and the integration of new functionalities. The technological development of new materials and processing methods needs to be supported by predictive models which can simulate the interactions between materials, process states, and product properties. In comparison with the conventional manufacturing scale, micro- and nanoscale technologies require the study of different mechanical, thermal, and fluid dynamics, phenomena which need to be assessed and modeled.This Special Issue is dedicated to advances in the modeling of micro- and nanomanufacturing processes. The development of new models, validation of state-of-the-art modeling strategies, and approaches to material model calibration are presented. The goal is to provide state-of-the-art examples of the use of modeling and simulation in micro- and nanomanufacturing processes, promoting the diffusion and development of these technologies.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- modular microfluidic system --- 3D printing --- gel microspheres --- laser-induced periodical surface structures --- micro-injection molding --- replication --- surface wettability --- micro-groove --- electrochemical machining --- porous cathode --- conductive mask --- machining localization --- dimensional uniformity --- nanogrinding --- abrasive grains --- rake angle --- spacing --- grinding forces --- grinding temperature --- chip formation --- subsurface damage --- micro injection molding --- additive manufacturing --- stereolithography --- K9 glass --- mathematical model --- grinding force --- brittle fracture --- ductile-brittle transition --- active grains number --- lithography simulation --- microelectromechanical system --- waveguide method --- microstructure --- radial ultrasonic rolling electrochemical micromachining (RUR-EMM) --- material removal amount --- surface roughness --- response surface methodology (RSM) --- turning --- minimum chip thickness --- micromachining --- femtosecond micromachining --- burst processing --- intraocular lens --- hydrophilic acrylic --- polishing --- laser assisted turning --- tungsten carbide --- diamond turning --- finite element analysis --- prostheses --- ITAP --- micro topology --- ANSYS --- MATLAB --- additive manufacture