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Dieser Band, der auf die Tagung "Kompetenzmodellierung und -messung in den Fachdidaktiken" vom März 2013 an der Universität Siegen zurückgeht, zieht eine Zwischenbilanz zur Kompetenzforschung in den Fachdidaktiken. Dabei wird aufgezeigt, wie Kompetenz in den unterschiedlichen Domänen modelliert wird und mit welchen Mitteln und Ansätzen diese Kompetenzmodelle empirisch erfasst werden. Diese Zwischenbilanz erstreckt sich über die gesamte Breite der Fachdidaktiken. Neben den gut ausgestatteten Didaktiken der Mathematik, der Sprachen und der Naturwissenschaften erhalten auch die Didaktiken der sogenannten kleinen Fächer eine Plattform für ihre einschlägige Forschung, um den interdisziplinären Austausch zu ermöglichen. Zudem bietet der Band Nachwuchsforscherinnen und -forschern ein Forum, ihre Projekte vorzustellen und zu diskutieren. Diese Publikation stellt damit eine repräsentative Zwischenbilanz zum aktuellen Stand kompetenzorientierter Forschung in den verschiedenen Fachdidaktiken dar. Beachtenswert [...] ist einerseits die Berücksichtigung quantitativer und qualitativer Modellierungskonzepte, andererseits lässt sich feststellen, dass einige Projekte deutlich von der oben skizzierten Ausrichtung abweichen. [...] dem Band [gelingt es] allemal und überzeugend, Einblick in die Fachdidaktische Kompetenzmodellierung und -messung zu geben. - Armin Rempfler, Zeitschrift für Didaktik der Gesellschaftswissenschaften, 1/2016

Fachdidaktik --- Lesekompetenz --- Kompetenzstrukturmodell --- Didaktik Englisch --- Nationales Bildungspanel --- NEPS --- Religionsunterricht --- Religionsdidaktik --- Sportdidaktik --- software engineering --- überfachliche Kompetenzen --- Kompetenzforschung --- Grounded Theory --- IRT-Modelle --- Lernaufgaben --- Politikunterricht --- Systematische Theologie --- Unterrichtsplanung --- Textkompetenz --- Schulpädagogik

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From early answer sheets filled in with number 2 pencils, to tests administered by mainframe computers, to assessments wholly constructed by computers, it is clear that technology is changing the field of educational and psychological measurement. The numerous and rapid advances have immediate impact on test creators, assessment professionals, and those who implement and analyze assessments. This comprehensive new volume brings together leading experts on the issues posed by technological applications in testing, with chapters on game-based assessment, testing with simulations, video assessment, computerized test development, large-scale test delivery, model choice, validity, and error issues. Including an overview of existing literature and ground-breaking research, each chapter considers the technological, practical, and ethical considerations of this rapidly-changing area. Ideal for researchers and professionals in testing and assessment, Technology and Testing provides a critical and in-depth look at one of the most pressing topics in educational testing today.

Educational tests and measurements. --- Educational technology. --- Instructional technology --- Technology in education --- Technology --- Educational innovations --- Instructional systems --- Teaching --- Educational assessment --- Educational measurements --- Mental tests --- Tests and measurements in education --- Psychological tests for children --- Psychometrics --- Students --- Examinations --- Psychological tests --- Aids and devices --- Rating of --- AIG --- assessment --- automated scoring --- automatic item generation --- CBT --- Diagnostic Assessment --- educational technology --- Fritz Drasgow --- IRT --- Item Response Models --- measurement --- NCME --- national council on measurement in education --- technology --- testing --- testing on mobile devices

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In this issue, psychometrics researchers were invited to make reanalyses or extensions of a previously published dataset from a recent paper by Myszkowski and Storme (2018). The dataset analyzed consisted of responses to a multiple-choice logical reasoning nonverbal test, comprising the last series of Raven’s (1941) Standard Progressive Matrices. Although the original paper already proposed several modeling strategies, this issue presents new or improved procedures to study the psychometrics properties of tests of this type.

Raven matrices --- Standard Progressive Matrices test --- dimensionality --- bi-factor --- parallel analysis --- target rotation --- exploratory graph analysis --- E-assessment --- general mental ability --- nested logit models --- item-response theory --- ability-based guessing --- Standard Progressive Matrices --- Item Response Theory --- Bayesian statistics --- brms --- Stan --- R --- Raven’s progressive matrices --- intelligence --- distractors --- item analysis --- intelligence tests --- classical test theory --- IRT --- interaction model --- test-item regression --- Mokken scale analysis --- non-parametric item response theory --- psychometrics --- invariant item ordering --- regularized latent class analysis --- regularization --- fused regularization --- fused grouped regularization --- distractor analysis --- n/a --- Raven's progressive matrices

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The importance of evapotranspiration is well-established in different disciplines such as hydrology, agronomy, climatology, and other geosciences. Reliable estimates of evapotranspiration are also vital to develop criteria for in-season irrigation management, water resource allocation, long-term estimates of water supply, demand and use, design and management of water resources infrastructure, and evaluation of the effect of land use and management changes on the water balance. The objective of this Special Issue is to define and discuss several ET terms, including potential, reference, and actual (crop) ET, and present a wide spectrum of innovative research papers and case studies.

Research & information: general --- evapotranspiration --- machine learning --- local --- spatial --- subhumid climate --- agricultural drought --- drought characteristics --- evapotranspiration deficit index --- parameter sensitivity --- temporal scale sensitivity --- water stress anomaly --- interception --- linear storage model --- evaporation --- cover crop --- water balance --- faba bean --- GK2A/AMI --- artificial neural network --- Korean Peninsula --- CWSI --- UAV --- remote sensing --- micrometeorological data --- spatial IRT measurements --- crop irrigation scheduling and management --- infrared radiometer sensors --- real-time data analysis --- water reservoir --- regression --- observed data --- ERA5-Land data --- R language --- precipitation --- drought --- Mann-Kendall --- trend analysis --- actual evapotranspiration --- potential evapotranspiration --- reference evapotranspiration --- evaporation paradox --- global dimming --- wind stilling --- forest fires --- groundwater --- stochastic simulation --- marginal structure --- long-range dependence --- Hurst-Kolmogorov dynamics --- RASPOTION --- parametric model --- hydrological calibration --- evapotranspiration estimation --- urban rain gardens --- lysimeters --- evapotranspiration models --- evapotranspiration --- machine learning --- local --- spatial --- subhumid climate --- agricultural drought --- drought characteristics --- evapotranspiration deficit index --- parameter sensitivity --- temporal scale sensitivity --- water stress anomaly --- interception --- linear storage model --- evaporation --- cover crop --- water balance --- faba bean --- GK2A/AMI --- artificial neural network --- Korean Peninsula --- CWSI --- UAV --- remote sensing --- micrometeorological data --- spatial IRT measurements --- crop irrigation scheduling and management --- infrared radiometer sensors --- real-time data analysis --- water reservoir --- regression --- observed data --- ERA5-Land data --- R language --- precipitation --- drought --- Mann-Kendall --- trend analysis --- actual evapotranspiration --- potential evapotranspiration --- reference evapotranspiration --- evaporation paradox --- global dimming --- wind stilling --- forest fires --- groundwater --- stochastic simulation --- marginal structure --- long-range dependence --- Hurst-Kolmogorov dynamics --- RASPOTION --- parametric model --- hydrological calibration --- evapotranspiration estimation --- urban rain gardens --- lysimeters --- evapotranspiration models

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Novel technologies are playing an important role in the development of crop and livestock farming and have the potential to be the key drivers of sustainable intensification of agricultural systems. In particular, new sensors are now available with reduced dimensions, reduced costs, and increased performances, which can be implemented and integrated in production systems, providing more data and eventually an increase in information. It is of great importance to support the digital transformation, precision agriculture, and smart farming, and to eventually allow a revolution in the way food is produced. In order to exploit these results, authoritative studies from the research world are still needed to support the development and implementation of new solutions and best practices. This Special Issue is aimed at bringing together recent developments related to novel sensors and their proved or potential applications in agriculture.

precision farming --- sensor fusion --- remote sensing --- fluorescence --- reflectance --- spectrometry --- nitrogen fertilisation --- wheat --- yield --- Drainage Pipe Mapping --- Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) --- Real-Time Kinematic Global Navigation Satellite System (RTK/GNSS) --- dynamic vapor sorption --- high-precision dryer --- modeling --- water vapor pressure deficit --- autonomous robot --- agriculture --- viticulture --- electric weeder --- sonar --- intra-row --- under-vine --- row following --- date palms --- precision agriculture --- plantation management --- thermal --- hyperspectral --- Data-driven agriculture --- ISOBUS --- Rear hitch position --- Wheel-based machine speed --- IR imaging --- canopy temperature --- maximum temperature difference --- fungal infection --- wheat genotypes --- calibration function --- capacitive soil moisture sensor --- internet-based data acquisition --- soil moisture content --- infrared thermography --- IRT --- tree inspection --- inspection techniques --- tree monitoring --- food security --- food system --- digitalization --- human security --- Internet of things --- sustainable --- Barents region --- trees inspection --- trees monitoring --- VTA --- sustainability --- drift risk assessment tool --- sedimenting spray drift --- airborne spray drift --- weather conditions --- spray drift reduction --- rotary harrow --- secondary tillage --- soil erosion --- RFID --- CRNS --- neutron --- cosmic-ray --- soil moisture --- water --- agricultural sensors --- agricultural engineering --- digital farming --- embedded sensors --- ISO 11783