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The Silent countdown : essays in European environmental history
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ISBN: 0387517901 Year: 1990 Publisher: Berlin New York Barcelona Springer

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L'environnement au temps de la préhistoire : méthodes et modèles
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ISBN: 2225823871 9782225823879 Year: 1991 Publisher: Paris: Masson,


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Le sourire de Prométhée : l'homme et la nature au Moyen Âge
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ISBN: 9782707190970 2707190977 Year: 2017 Publisher: Paris: La Découverte,

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"Pour qui s'intéresse à la société médiévale, la question écologique peut sembler secondaire au regard du rapport à Dieu, des formes de domination ou de l'organisation politique. Les sciences paléo-environnementales, l'archéologie moderne et les textes de l'époque suggèrent pourtant que leurs rapports à la nature sont bien l'une des grandes questions que se posent les hommes du Moyen Âge. Remettant en cause le cliché d'une période de stagnation, livrée aux calamités naturelles, l'auteur montre que ces rapports n'ont cessé d'évoluer. L'évêque mérovingien, le serf d'un domaine carolingien, l'hôte d'un village neuf du xii" siècle, le théologien du mile siècle, ou le maître de forge du xv" siècle ne partagent ni la même vision ni les mêmes attentes vis-à-vis de la nature. Après l'an mille cependant, la croissance démographique, l'amélioration des moyens techniques et la redécouverte de la science grecque ont peu à peu fait basculer l'Occident dans un nouveau paradigme. La maîtrise du monde sensible devient un but collectif légitime et réalisable. La nature est alors fortement mise à contribution. Ainsi, si l'ouvrage couvre le millénaire médiéval, le coeur de l'enquête reste le grand développement des XIe, XIIe et XIIIe siècles, moment crucial de l'"invention de la nature", gardienne de la Création et de ses lois, et d'une prise de conscience écologique qui n'en a pas encore le nom."

Civilisations et sociétés
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ISSN: 00694290 ISBN: 2713218195 9782713218194 Volume: 118 Publisher: Paris éd. de l'École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales


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Prestate societies of the north central European plains
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ISBN: 1461468140 1461468159 Year: 2013 Publisher: New York : Springer,

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                This volume offers a new perspective on social dynamics and culture change in the North Central European Plains (NCEP) from 600 to 900 CE. Using archaeological evidence, this volume follows and analyzes the rise of social complexity in this region. It discusses long-term causal processes leading to the formation of state at the fringes of the Merovingian and Frankish Kingdoms, the Carolingian and the Holy Roman Empire, the Scandinavian Kingdoms, the Czech Kingdom, and the Kingdom of Rus.                 The central problem addressed is accounting for and explaining the transition from noncomplex to supra-tribal polities between 600 and 900 CE. The examined evidence shows that a very basic community-level management of common pool resources seems a successful strategy to manage short term risk and may lead to sustainable higher level political organization. In conclusion it present a models of social dynamics of the NCEP, 600-900 CE that suggests that the state formation process was an outcome of spontaneous processes and deterministic factors occurring within a period of approximately 400 years, of which the last two hundred years (800-900 CE) were the most critical. In a broader context, the point discussed is that societal decisions with short-term goals have long-term consequences.


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Reading the natural world in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance : perceptions of the environment and ecology
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ISBN: 9782503590448 9782503590455 2503590454 2503590446 Year: 2020 Volume: 46 Publisher: Turnhout: Brepols,

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From the late 600s to the early 1600s, medieval and early modern people engaged with nature in ways that shaped their sense of place, religion, literature, art, and more. Contributors to this volume draw from recent trends in ecological thinking to reassess their chosen topics. The environment - together with ecology and other aspects of the way people see their world - has become a major focus of pre-modern studies. The thirteen contributions in this volume discuss topics across the millennium in Europe from the late 600s to the early 1600s. They introduce applications to older texts, art works, and ideas made possible by relatively new fields of discourse such as animal studies, ecotheology, and Material Engagement Theory. From studies of medieval land charters and epics to the canticles sung in churches, the encyclopedic natural histories compiled for the learned, the hunting parks described and illustrated for the aristocracy, chronicles from the New World, classical paintings from the Old World, and the plays of Shakespeare, the authors engage with the human responses to nature in times when it touched their lives more intimately than it does for people today, even though this contact raised concerns that are still very much alive today.

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