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During South Vietnam's brief life as a nation, it exhibited glimmers of democracy through citizen activism and a dynamic press. South Vietnamese activists, intellectuals, students, and professionals had multiple visions for Vietnam's future as an independent nation. Some were anticommunists, while others supported the National Liberation Front and Hanoi. In the midst of war, South Vietnam represented the hope and chaos of decolonization and nation building during the Cold War. U.S. Embassy officers, State Department observers, and military advisers sought to cultivate a base of support for the Saigon government among local intellectuals and youth, but government arrests and imprisonment of political dissidents, along with continued war, made it difficult for some South Vietnamese activists to trust the Saigon regime. Meanwhile, South Vietnamese diplomats, including anticommunist students and young people who defected from North Vietnam, travelled throughout the world in efforts to drum up international support for South Vietnam. Drawing largely on Vietnamese language sources, Heather Stur demonstrates that the conflict in Vietnam was really three wars: the political war in Saigon,

Postcolonialism --- History --- Ho Chi Minh City (Vietnam) --- Vietnam --- Vietnam (Republic) --- Politics and government --- Politics and government. --- Post-colonialism --- Postcolonial theory --- Political science --- Decolonization --- HCM (Vietnam) --- HCMC (Vietnam) --- Ho-Tschi-Minh-Stadt (Vietnam) --- Hočiminovo Město (Vietnam) --- Hu Chih-ming shih (Vietnam) --- Hu Zhiming Shi (Vietnam) --- Sài Gòn (Vietnam : 1976- ) --- Saigon (Vietnam : 1976- ) --- Thành phó̂ Hò̂ Chí Minh (Vietnam) --- Saigon (Vietnam) --- Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh (Vietnam) --- TP. Hồ Chí Minh (Vietnam)

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This book presents the research findings of four Vietnamese institutions that, in 1992, designed a joint research project on urban poverty with the financial support of Canada's International Development Research Centre (IDRC). The first objective was to identify and qualify urban poverty in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh-Ville. This found that poverty in Hanoi is widespread and not well accepted or acknowledged. On the contrary, poverty in Ho Chi Minh-Ville is concentrated on the city's canals where a ""poverty culture"" developed long ago. The researchers' most significant contribution has been their

Urban poor --- Housing policy --- Urbanization --- Cities and towns, Movement to --- Urban development --- Urban systems --- Cities and towns --- Social history --- Sociology, Rural --- Sociology, Urban --- Urban policy --- Rural-urban migration --- Housing --- Housing and state --- State and housing --- City planning --- Social policy --- City dwellers --- Poor --- Government policy --- Hanoi (Vietnam) --- Ho Chi Minh City (Vietnam) --- HCM (Vietnam) --- HCMC (Vietnam) --- Ho-Tschi-Minh-Stadt (Vietnam) --- Hočiminovo Město (Vietnam) --- Hu Chih-ming shih (Vietnam) --- Hu Zhiming Shi (Vietnam) --- Sài Gòn (Vietnam : 1976- ) --- Saigon (Vietnam : 1976- ) --- Thành phó̂ Hò̂ Chí Minh (Vietnam) --- Saigon (Vietnam) --- Hà Nội (Vietnam) --- Hanoi --- Hanoj (Vietnam) --- Ho-nei (Vietnam) --- Ke-chö (Vietnam) --- Keicho (Vietnam) --- Kesho (Vietnam) --- Khanoi (Vietnam) --- Hanoi (Tonkin) --- Hanoi (French Indochina) --- Social conditions. --- Urbanisme --- Services for --- Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh (Vietnam) --- TP. Hồ Chí Minh (Vietnam) --- Urban poor - Housing - Vietnam - Hanoi. --- Urban poor - Housing - Vietnam - Ho Chi Minh City. --- Housing policy - Vietnam - Hanoi. --- Housing policy - Vietnam - Ho Chi Minh City. --- Urbanization - Vietnam - Hanoi. --- Urbanization - Vietnam - Ho Chi Minh City.

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As climate change and urban development are closely interlinked and often interact negatively, this edited volume takes Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Vietnam’s first mega-urban region as a case study to analyse its vulnerability to climate change and to suggest measures towards a more sustainable urban development. The book offers an overview on land use planning regarding the aspects of urban flooding, urban climate, urban energy and urban mobility as well as spatial views from the angle of urban planning such as the metropolitan level, the city, the neighbourhood and building level. It shows that to a significant degree, measures dealing with climate change can be taken from the toolbox of sustainable urban development and reflects how institutional structures need to change to enhance chances for implementation given socio-cultural and economic constraints. This is merged and integrated into a holistic perspective of planning recommendations, supporting the municipal government to increase its adaptive capacity. The authors are members of a German government funded research project on how to support HCMC’s municipal government to adapt to risks related to climate change.

Law. --- Urban planning. --- City planning. --- International environmental law. --- Climate change. --- Environmental law. --- Environmental policy. --- International Environmental Law. --- Environmental Law/Policy/Ecojustice. --- Environmental Monitoring/Analysis. --- Urbanism. --- Climate Change. --- Urban ecology (Sociology) --- Sustainable development. --- Environmental degradation. --- Ho Chi Minh City (Vietnam) --- Growth --- Environmental aspects. --- Degradation, Environmental --- Destruction, Environmental --- Deterioration, Environmental --- Environmental destruction --- Environmental deterioration --- Development, Sustainable --- Ecologically sustainable development --- Economic development, Sustainable --- Economic sustainability --- ESD (Ecologically sustainable development) --- Smart growth --- Sustainable development --- Sustainable economic development --- Cities and towns --- Urban ecology --- Urban environment --- Environmental aspects --- Hu Zhiming Shi (Vietnam) --- Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh (Vietnam) --- Ho-Tschi-Minh-Stadt (Vietnam) --- Hočiminovo Město (Vietnam) --- HCMC (Vietnam) --- Hu Chih-ming shih (Vietnam) --- Saigon (Vietnam : 1976- ) --- Sài Gòn (Vietnam : 1976- ) --- HCM (Vietnam) --- Social ecology --- Sociology, Urban --- Economic development --- Natural disasters --- Environmental quality --- Saigon (Vietnam) --- Architecture. --- Climatic changes. --- Monitoring/Environmental Analysis. --- Changes, Climatic --- Changes in climate --- Climate change --- Climate change science --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic changes --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- Climatology --- Climate change mitigation --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Architecture, Western (Western countries) --- Building design --- Buildings --- Construction --- Western architecture (Western countries) --- Art --- Building --- Environment law --- Environmental control --- Environmental protection --- Environmental policy --- Law --- Design and construction --- Law and legislation --- Environmental monitoring. --- International environmental law --- International law --- Common heritage of mankind (International law) --- Biomonitoring (Ecology) --- Ecological monitoring --- Monitoring, Environmental --- Applied ecology --- Environmental engineering --- Pollution --- Environment and state --- Environmental management --- State and environment --- Environmental auditing --- City planning --- Civic planning --- Land use, Urban --- Model cities --- Redevelopment, Urban --- Slum clearance --- Town planning --- Urban design --- Urban development --- Urban planning --- Land use --- Planning --- Art, Municipal --- Civic improvement --- Regional planning --- Urban policy --- Urban renewal --- Measurement --- Monitoring --- Government policy --- Management --- Global environmental change