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Production and consumption activities have determined a weakness of the sustainable real estate economy. The main problems are the subordination of public decision making, which is subjected to pressure from big companies; inefficient appraisal procedures; excessive use of financial leverage in investment projects; the atypical nature of markets; income positions in urban transformations; and the financialization of real estate markets, with widespread negative effects. A delicate role in these complex problems is assigned to real estate appraisal activities, called to make value judgments on real estate goods and investment projects, the prices of which are often formed in atypical real estate markets, giving ever greater importance to sustainable development and transformation issues. This Special Issue is dedicated to developing and disseminating knowledge and innovations related to most recent real estate evaluation methodologies applied in the fields of architecture and civil, building, environmental, and territorial engineering. Suitable works include studies on econometric models, sustainable building management, building costs, risk management and real estate appraisal, mass appraisal methods applied to real estate properties, urban and land economics, transport economics, the application of economics and financial techniques to real estate markets, the economic valuation of real estate investment projects, the economic effects of building transformations or projects on the environment, and sustainable real estate.

Information technology industries --- big data --- decision-making --- feasibility study --- fuzzy theory --- high-rise building --- mixed-use development --- urban tree canopy (UTC) --- hedonic price model --- two-stage spatial model --- multi-level mixed model --- varying effect --- customer gender --- women --- tenure choice --- sustainable housing --- housing market --- mass appraisal techniques --- evaluation model --- hedonic price method --- geographically weighted regression --- evolutionary polynomial regression --- market value --- smart building --- smart energy system --- renewable energy resources --- energy storage --- reserve power system --- investor motives --- investment profitability --- smart readiness indicator --- discounted cash flow analysis --- natural landscape --- views --- visual perception --- housing price --- quantile regression --- marginal impact --- wealth inequality --- growth management --- sustainable development --- transit-oriented development --- contingent valuation method --- retirement --- housing downsizing --- housing consumption --- housing tenure choice --- consumption --- housing wealth effect --- financial wealth effect --- multi-step causality --- ESG --- real estate companies --- ratings --- sustainability --- energy efficiency --- sustainable decision-making --- sustainable social housing management --- multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) --- AHP --- WASPAS --- COPRAS --- social cohesion --- uncertainty --- U.S. housing markets --- local projection method --- impulse response functions --- n/a

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The book aims to explore the legal and administrative aspects of spatial governance and the challenges that their interaction entails. It does this through a number of chapters focusing on case studies located in different geographical areas of Europe and beyond. By doing this, the editors shed light on a set of challenges that emerge around the world at the intersection between the legal and administrative spheres during the governance and planning of territorial phenomena. The issues addressed in the various chapters highlight how spatial planning activities continue to face serious challenges that have not yet been satisfactorily addressed. In more detail, a correlation emerges between the legal regulations that allow and shape spatial-planning activities and the socio-economic and territorial challenges that those activities should tackle. This is often a consequence of the path-dependent influence of the traditional administrative and spatial planning configuration, which presents an inertial resistance to change that is hard to overcome. A similar situation arises concerning the mismatch between the boundaries of the existing administrative units and the extent of territorial phenomena, with a system of judicial–territorial administration that does not always coincide with the boundaries of the fundamental administrative division of a country, leading to an overall deterioration of the conditions in which all actors involved in spatial development operate.

landscape urbanization --- metropolises --- agglomeration in Poland --- urban landscape intensity index --- local development --- local law --- budgets of local units --- financial consequences of spatial chaos --- urban sprawl --- macroeconomics --- externalities --- budget --- spatial policy --- economic policy --- urban growth management --- land use planning --- zoning --- strategic spatial planning --- institutionalism --- discourse --- Antwerp --- Flanders --- land use transition --- innovation agglomeration --- industrial pollution --- environmental protection --- innovation-driven development --- sustainable land use --- urbanization --- spatial governance and planning --- Europe --- ESPON --- SECI expansion model --- local government --- green governance --- peer behavior --- green development --- rule by law --- law-based governance --- housing price --- sensitivity --- heterogeneity --- mediating mechanism --- land economic efficiency --- environmental pollution --- carbon emissions --- sustainable cities --- eastern China --- land policy --- planning system --- land-use planning --- land development --- urban development --- legal framework --- containment --- Poland --- Germany --- Spain --- green belt --- master plan --- planning history --- planning policy --- urban containment --- urban agriculture --- Kigali --- Singapore --- land-use policy --- spatial planning --- territorial governance --- land use --- law

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There is no denying the role of empirical research in finance and the remarkable progress of empirical techniques in this research field. This Special Issue focuses on the broad topic of “Empirical Finance” and includes novel empirical research associated with financial data. One example includes the application of novel empirical techniques, such as machine learning, data mining, wavelet transform, copula analysis, and TV-VAR, to financial data. The Special Issue includes contributions on empirical finance, such as algorithmic trading, market efficiency, market microstructure, portfolio theory and asset allocation, asset pricing models, liquidity risk premium, currency crisis, return predictability, and volatility modeling.

short-term forecasting --- wavelet transform --- IPO --- volatility --- US dollar --- institutional investors’ shareholdings --- neural network --- financial market stress --- market microstructure --- text similarity --- TVP-VAR model --- Japanese yen --- convolutional neural networks --- global financial crisis --- deep neural network --- cross-correlation function --- boosting --- causality-in-variance --- flight to quality --- bagging --- earnings quality --- algorithmic trading --- stop loss --- statistical arbitrage --- ensemble learning --- liquidity risk premium --- gold return --- futures market --- take profit --- currency crisis --- spark spread --- city banks --- piecewise regression model --- financial and non-financial variables --- exports --- data mining --- latency --- crude oil futures prices forecasting --- random forests --- wholesale electricity --- SVM --- random forest --- bank credit --- deep learning --- Vietnam --- inertia --- MACD --- initial public offering --- text mining --- bankruptcy prediction --- exchange rate --- asset pricing model --- LSTM --- panel data model --- structural break --- credit risk --- housing and stock markets --- copula --- ARDL --- earnings manipulation --- machine learning --- natural gas --- housing price --- asymmetric dependence --- real estate development loans --- earnings management --- cointegration --- predictive accuracy --- robust regression --- quantile regression --- dependence structure --- housing loans --- price discovery --- utility of international currency --- ATR

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The notion of smart and sustainable cities offers an integrated and holistic approach to urbanism by aiming to achieve the long-term goals of urban sustainability and resilience. In essence, a smart and sustainable city is an urban locality that functions as a robust system of systems with sustainable practices to generate desired outcomes and futures for all humans and non-humans. This book contributes to improving research and practice in smart and sustainable metropolitan as well as regional cities and urbanism by bringing together literature reviews and scholarly perspective pieces, forming an open access knowledge warehouse. It contains contributions that offer insights into research and practice in smart and sustainable metropolitan and regional cities by producing in-depth conceptual debates and perspectives, insights from the literature and best practice, and thoroughly identified research themes and development trends. This book serves as a repository of relevant information, material, and knowledge to support research, policymaking, practice, and the transferability of experiences to address challenges in establishing smart and sustainable metropolitan as well as regional cities and urbanism in the era of climate change, biodiversity collapse, natural disasters, pandemics, and socioeconomic inequalities.

regional towns --- regional cities --- regional Australia --- regional lifestyle location --- regional innovation system --- regional turnaround --- post-pandemic urban growth --- COVID-19 impact --- regional planning --- sustainable urban development --- smart cities --- blockchain --- building information management (BIM) --- city information management (CIM) --- sustainable building --- life cycle --- VOSviewer --- commuting --- employment --- housing price --- GDP --- income --- big data --- prediction --- urbanization --- sustainability --- corporate social responsibility --- ready-made garments --- framework for strategic sustainable development --- Bangladesh --- PCB shield --- HX711 --- amplifier chip --- Sim900A --- e-commerce --- virtual store --- firmware --- embedded system --- virtual reality and haptic sensing --- urban sustainability --- sustainable behavior --- sustainability understanding --- awareness --- perception --- attitude --- pro-environmental behavior --- influencing factors --- Turkey --- Istanbul --- sustainable city --- sustainable development --- environmental performance --- online platform --- municipalities --- artificial intelligence (AI) --- green AI --- sustainable AI --- responsible AI --- ethical AI --- explainable AI --- AI regulation --- green sensing --- sustainable development goals --- waste sorting --- supply chain redesigning --- function allocation --- path planning --- incinerable waste --- smart city --- smart city industry --- industrial ecosystem --- input–output analysis --- structural path analysis --- knowledge-based development --- knowledge-based urban development --- smart and sustainable city --- local development --- urban development --- knowledge cities world summit --- international events --- Bento Gonçalves --- Brazil --- technology --- governance --- knowledge workers --- knowledge precincts --- open data --- Gold Coast --- digital engineering --- information requirements --- infrastructure asset management --- technology integration matrix --- master-planned estate --- community --- community identity --- social connectedness --- social infrastructure: physical infrastructure --- housing developments --- longitudinal study --- social capital --- neighbourhoods --- sustainable social development --- ecological study --- ordinal logistic regression --- northern Sweden --- n/a --- input-output analysis --- Bento Gonçalves

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This collection that is based on the Special Issue contains 37 high-quality, rigorously peer-reviewed, cutting-edge pieces of original research applying a multi-disciplinary academic approach to study how to improve environment quality and healthy living in contemporary and future urban environments. This multidisciplinary collection helps to disseminate and communicate scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries of how to make healthy cities available to researchers, academics, and the general public globally.

Humanities --- Social interaction --- urban sprawl --- physical health --- mental health --- Smog Free Tower --- air purification --- housing price --- moderating effect --- traffic convenience --- urban resilience --- spatiotemporal differentiation --- ESDA --- geographical detector model --- YRB --- social capital --- social participation --- volunteering --- urban China --- urban governance --- Chinese national scenic areas --- tourism economy --- time-limited rectification --- pilot free trade zones --- green total factor productivity --- green development --- difference-in-differences --- quasi-natural experiment --- land use evolution --- land ecological security --- AHP-FCE model --- evaluation --- China --- business environment --- FDI --- BRI countries --- status elevation the global value chain --- pilot free trade zone --- port --- green TFP --- environmental constraints --- regional heterogeneity --- air pollution --- health shocks --- labor mobility --- mediating effect --- threshold effect --- production-living-ecology --- spatial transformation characteristics --- spatial conflicts --- urban agglomeration --- carbon emissions --- Tapio decoupling --- LMDI model --- provincial level --- low-carbon economy --- physical inactivity --- prolonged sitting --- unhealthy diet --- sports facilities --- street greenery --- spatial accessibility --- medical system --- multi-tiered two-step floating catchment area (MT2SFCA) method --- equity --- healthcare --- Hu Line of land --- “production-living-ecology” coordination --- spatial heterogeneity --- ESDA-GWR --- COVID-19 --- mask --- willingness to pay --- protection motivation theory --- contingent value method --- urban --- health impact assessment --- bibliometric analysis --- CiteSpace --- knowledge mapping --- disaster-preventive migration (DPM) --- social stability risk --- fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) --- ethnic minority area --- green finance --- ecological environment --- coupling coordination rate --- spatiotemporal evolution --- driving factor --- environmental equality --- guanxi network --- pig farming pollution --- cost and benefit sharing --- technological innovation --- coupling coordination --- green economy --- aging migration --- housing tenure --- social integration --- Beijing --- environmental pollution control investment efficiency --- three-stage DEA --- super-efficient SBM --- Global-Malmquist-Luenberger index --- regional differences --- digital financial inclusion --- green innovation --- financing constraints --- life cycle --- carbon emissions trading --- total factor productivity of agricultural enterprises --- double difference --- policy mix --- policy design --- pandemic management --- policy outcomes --- compound crisis --- urban sustainability --- healthy cities --- projects --- risks --- expert evaluation --- fuzzy sets --- European Green Deal --- Industry 5.0 --- decision-making --- transport --- medical infrastructure --- healing and therapeutic design --- blockchain --- building information modeling (BIM) --- landscape information modeling (LIM) --- city information modeling (CIM) --- art therapy --- sustainable development --- non-fungible token (NFT) --- Health Metaverse --- workplace --- avoidance behavior --- public health --- regression discontinuity design --- migration intention --- high human capital --- instrumental variable --- regional economic resilience --- influence mechanism --- Yellow River Basin --- quality of life --- healthy region --- healthy environment --- spatial --- synthetic measure --- voivodship --- national fitness policy --- national health --- human capital --- public finance health expenditures --- civil registration --- block chain --- digitization governance --- smart contract --- urban young returnees --- happiness --- healthy China --- HLM --- SEM --- rural-to-urban migrant --- performance analysis --- science mapping --- network analysis --- environmental policy uncertainty --- enterprise pollution emission --- enterprise innovation --- the foreign investment