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Philosophy of nature --- Philosophical anthropology --- God --- Holbach, Paul Henri Thiry, - baron d', - 1723-1789

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Dialectical materialism --- Holbach, Paul Henri Thiry, - baron d', - 1723-1789 --- Helvétius, Claude Adrien, - 1715-1771 --- Marx, Karl, - 1818-1883

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Examining the birth and development of early modern atheism from Spinoza's Tractatus theologico-politicus (1670) to d'Holbach's Système de la nature (1770), this study considers Spinoza, Hobbes, Cudworth, Bayle, Meslier, Boulainviller, Du Marsais, Fréret, Toland, Collins, Hume, Diderot, Voltaire, and d'Holbach and positions them in a general interpretive scheme, based on the idea that early modern atheism is itself an unwanted fruit of early modern metaphysics and theology.Breaking with a long-standing tradition, Descartes claimed that it was possible to have a "clear and distinct" idea of God, indeed that the idea of God was the "clearest and most distinct" of all ideas accessible to the human mind. Humans could thus obtain a scientific knowledge of God's nature and attributes. But as soon as God became an object of science, He also became the object of a thoroughgoing scientific analysis and criticism.The effortlessness with which early modern atheists managed to turn round their adversaries' arguments to their own favour is a sign that the new doctrines of God which emerged in the seventeenth-century, each based in its own way on principles and dogmas related to the new science of nature, were plunging headfirst towards the precipice under their own steam.

Atheism --- Atheism. --- Voltaire --- irreligious thought --- Hume --- Spinoza --- Bayle --- enlightenment --- History --- Spinoza, Benedictus de, --- Holbach, Paul Henri Thiry, --- Système de la nature (Holbach, Paul Henri Thiry, baron d') --- Tractatus theologico-politicus (Spinoza, Benedictus de) --- 1600-1799

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Marx, Karl --- Holbach, d', Paul-Henri Thiry --- Holbach, Paul Henri Thiry --- Marx, Karl, --- Holbach, Paul Henri Thiry baron d' --- Marx, Karl. --- Holbach, Paul Henri Thiry, --- D'Holbach, Paul Henri Thiry, --- Holbach, Paul Henri Thiery, --- Holbach, Paul Heinrich Dietrich, --- Thiry, Paul Henri, --- Thiery, Paul Henri, --- Thierry, Paul Henri, --- Dietrich, Paul Henri, --- Thyry, Paul Henri, --- Holbach, Paul Thiry, --- Holbach, --- D'Holbach, --- M. D***, --- D***, --- Ancien magistrat, --- Bernier, --- Olbach, --- Orbach, --- Halbach, --- Holbah, Pol, --- Golʹbakh, Polʹ, --- Holbakh, Pol, --- von Holbach, Paul Heinrich Dietrich --- Makesi, --- Ma-kʻo-ssu, --- 马克思, --- 馬克思, --- Marukusu, --- マルクス, --- Marx, Heinrich Karl, --- Marks, Karl, --- Marx, Carlos, --- Marks, K. --- Marŭkʻŭsŭ, Kʻal, --- 마르크스, 칼, --- Marksŭ, --- 맑스, --- Marks, Karol, --- Mác, Các, --- Marx, Karel, --- Marksas, Karolis, --- Marx, Carlo, --- Mác, C., --- מארכס, --- מארכס, קארל, --- מארכס, קרל, --- מארכס, ק --- מארקס --- מארקס, קארל --- מארקס, קארל, --- מארקס, קרל, --- מארקס, ק. --- מרכס, קרל --- מרכס, קרל, --- ماركس، كارل --- ماركس، كارل، --- Markso, Karlo, --- d'Holbach, Paul Henri, baron --- Holbach, Paul Henri Thiry, - baron d', - 1723-1789 --- Marx, Karl, - 1818-1883

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Students of the Enlightenment have long assumed that the major movement towards atheism in the Ancien Régime was centered in the circle of intellectuals who met at the home of Baron d'Holbach during the last half of the eighteenth century. This major critical study shows, contrary to the accepted views, that in fact, atheism was not the common bond of a majority of the members and that, far from being alienated figures, most of the members were privileged and publicly successful citizens devoted to peaceful and gradual reform. Alan Charles Kors determines the coterie's membership and discovers it to have been a diverse assemblage of philosophes, men of letters, and scientists. Analyzing the thought and behavior of those members who lived past 1789, the author argues that the hostility to the Revolution expressed by the coterie's survivors was fully consistent with their world view.Originally published in 1976.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Holbach, Paul Henri Thiry, --- Holbach, Paul Henri Thiry baron d' --- -Holbach, Paul Henri Thiry baron d' --- Enlightenment --- Philosophy, French --- Siècle des lumières --- Philosophie française --- Paris (France) --- Intellectual life --- Vie intellectuelle --- D'Holbach, Paul Henri Thiry, --- Holbach, Paul Henri Thiery, --- Holbach, Paul Heinrich Dietrich, --- Thiry, Paul Henri, --- Thiery, Paul Henri, --- Thierry, Paul Henri, --- Dietrich, Paul Henri, --- Thyry, Paul Henri, --- Holbach, Paul Thiry, --- Holbach, --- D'Holbach, --- M. D***, --- D***, --- Ancien magistrat, --- Bernier, --- Olbach, --- Orbach, --- Halbach, --- Holbah, Pol, --- Golʹbakh, Polʹ, --- Holbakh, Pol, --- Parijs (France) --- Pařiž (France) --- Parizh (France) --- Parigi (France) --- Bārīs (France) --- Lutetia (France) --- Paryż (France) --- Lutèce (France) --- Párizs (France) --- Parisioi (France) --- Parisi (France) --- Parys (France) --- باريس (France) --- Parij (France) --- Parĩ (France) --- Pa-lí (France) --- Париж (France) --- Горад Парыж (France) --- Horad Paryz︠h︡ (France) --- Парыж (France) --- Paryz︠h︡ (France) --- Парис (France) --- Parighji (France) --- Pariggi (France) --- Pariis (France) --- Παρίσι (France) --- Париж ош (France) --- Parizh osh (France) --- Parizo (France) --- Páras (France) --- Paarys (France) --- Pâ-lì-sṳ (France) --- 파리 (France) --- Palika (France) --- פריז (France) --- Seine (France) --- Bali (France) --- 巴黎 (France) --- Paris --- City of Paris --- von Holbach, Paul Heinrich Dietrich