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Access to antiretroviral treatment has expanded rapidly in South Africa, making it the country in the world with the largest treatment program. As antiretroviral treatment coverage continues to rise in resource-constrained settings, effective community-based adherence support interventions are of central importance in ensuring the long-term sustainability of treatment. This paper reports the findings from a randomized control trial of a peer adherence and nutritional support program implemented in a public health care setting in South Africa's antiretroviral treatment program. The analysis assesses the impact of these peer adherence and nutritional support interventions on self-reported adherence, timeliness of clinic and hospital visits, and immunologic response to antiretroviral treatment. Peer adherence and nutritional support improved the timeliness of adults' clinic and hospital visits for routine follow-up while on antiretroviral treatment. Peer adherence support impacted positively on immunologic response to antiretroviral treatment. Scale-up of effective and sustainable community-based, peer-driven adherence and nutritional support interventions should form part of the United Nations AIDS Treatment 2.0 strategy's community mobilization and health system strengthening pillar.
Health --- HIV and AIDS --- Nutritional Programs
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Evidence is crucial in strategic planning for HIV response as well as the monitoring of results. This paper presents a simple tool that can be used to analyze the methodological quality of HIV data, its scope and limitations, and whether it can be accurately compared with other evidence. The tool, utilized as a questionnaire or checklist, first identifies the type of document containing the data; the status and means of its publication; the epidemiological design used; and the priority population. Next, the document is analyzed against a verification list based on eight methodological criteria: 1) objective; 2) inclusion and exclusion criteria; 3) sample size; 4) sampling technique; 5) error-reduction strategies; 6) data analysis technique; 7) limitations; and 8) confidence intervals and/or statistical significance. The paper also presents the results of implementing the tool in three Latin American countries.
Data Quality --- Health Monitoring & Evaluation --- Health, Nutrition and Population --- HIV AIDS --- Hiv and Aids --- Information Security & Privacy --- Population Policies --- Poverty Monitoring & Analysis --- Andean Region
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This paper presents a framework for analyzing the community response to HIV and AIDS. On the basis of a review of the literature, six criteria are proposed for characterizing such community responses: (1) the types of organizations and structures implementing the response, (2) the types of activities or services implemented and the beneficiaries of these, (3) the actors involved in and driving community responses, (4) the contextual factors that influence community responses, (5) the extent of community involvement in the response, and (6) the extent to which community responses involve wider partnerships and collaboration.
Civil Society --- Community characterization --- Community Development and Empowerment --- Community response --- Community typology --- Disability --- Health Monitoring & Evaluation --- Health, Nutrition and Population --- HIV AIDS --- HIV and AIDS --- Operational framework
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Evidence is crucial in strategic planning for HIV response as well as the monitoring of results. This paper presents a simple tool that can be used to analyze the methodological quality of HIV data, its scope and limitations, and whether it can be accurately compared with other evidence. The tool, utilized as a questionnaire or checklist, first identifies the type of document containing the data; the status and means of its publication; the epidemiological design used; and the priority population. Next, the document is analyzed against a verification list based on eight methodological criteria: 1) objective; 2) inclusion and exclusion criteria; 3) sample size; 4) sampling technique; 5) error-reduction strategies; 6) data analysis technique; 7) limitations; and 8) confidence intervals and/or statistical significance. The paper also presents the results of implementing the tool in three Latin American countries.
Data Quality --- Health Monitoring & Evaluation --- Health, Nutrition and Population --- HIV AIDS --- Hiv and Aids --- Information Security & Privacy --- Population Policies --- Poverty Monitoring & Analysis --- Andean Region
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This paper presents a framework for analyzing the community response to HIV and AIDS. On the basis of a review of the literature, six criteria are proposed for characterizing such community responses: (1) the types of organizations and structures implementing the response, (2) the types of activities or services implemented and the beneficiaries of these, (3) the actors involved in and driving community responses, (4) the contextual factors that influence community responses, (5) the extent of community involvement in the response, and (6) the extent to which community responses involve wider partnerships and collaboration.
Civil Society --- Community characterization --- Community Development and Empowerment --- Community response --- Community typology --- Disability --- Health Monitoring & Evaluation --- Health, Nutrition and Population --- HIV AIDS --- HIV and AIDS --- Operational framework
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This Annual Progress Report reviews the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper and Economic and Social Plan for 2007 for Mozambique. The report presents the new simplified structure adopted in the Review of the First Half of 2007. In the international context, the evolution of the international economy is presented, which allows a visualization of the international economic conditions in which the country has implemented its economic and social policy. The activities of the environment and the science and technology sectors are also described.
Macroeconomics --- Diseases: AIDS and HIV --- Demography --- Education: General --- Labor Economics: General --- Health: General --- Health Behavior --- Demographic Economics: General --- Education --- Labour --- income economics --- Health economics --- HIV/AIDS --- Population & demography --- Labor --- Health --- HIV and AIDS --- Population and demographics --- Labor economics --- HIV --- Viruses --- Population --- Mozambique, Republic of --- Hiv and AIDS --- Hiv --- Hiv/AIDS --- Income economics
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This report highlights the growth and macroeconomic policies in Malawi, and also analyzes the interaction between aid flows and macroeconomic stabilization policy. The paper reviews the country's recent trade reform program and summarizes other associated reforms and changes in the pattern of trade. It provides a survey of selected studies on the direct impact of HIV/AIDS on mortality and morbidity, measures of their possible effects on output, growth, and the fiscal position, and also a statistical appendix is provided for the country.
Exports and Imports --- Taxation --- Diseases: AIDS and HIV --- Trade: General --- Trade Policy --- International Trade Organizations --- Health Behavior --- Foreign Aid --- International economics --- Public finance & taxation --- HIV/AIDS --- Tariffs --- Exports --- HIV and AIDS --- Aid flows --- Imports --- Taxes --- International trade --- Health --- Foreign aid --- Tariff --- HIV --- Viruses --- Economic assistance --- Malawi --- Hiv and AIDS --- Hiv --- Hiv/AIDS
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This Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper for the Kingdom of Lesotho presents a determined plan in pursuance of high and sustainable equity-based economic growth. It contains medium-term objectives and strategies to address the major challenges facing the country. These challenges include employment creation and income generation, and improving quality of and access to education and health services. Lesotho plans to deal boldly with its trading and investment partners by exploiting the opportunities inherent in the process of globalization under such mechanisms as the Africa Growth and Opportunities Act.
Lesotho --- Economic conditions. --- Environmental Economics --- Diseases: AIDS and HIV --- Poverty and Homelessness --- Education: General --- Health Behavior --- Health: General --- Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty: General --- Environmental Economics: General --- Education --- HIV/AIDS --- Health economics --- Poverty & precarity --- Environmental economics --- HIV and AIDS --- Health --- Poverty --- Environment --- HIV --- Viruses --- Environmental sciences --- Lesotho, Kingdom of --- Hiv and AIDS --- Hiv --- Hiv/AIDS
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This Selected Issues paper analyzes unemployment and education in Namibia. Using the Afrobarometer Project survey data, the paper develops some stylized facts about the Namibian labor market, focusing on the link between education, earnings, and unemployment. The paper finds that unemployment probabilities depend on the level of education. The paper also describes the main features of poverty in Namibia and assesses the appropriateness of current as well as potential policies to alleviate poverty and reduce income inequality over time.
Exports and Imports --- Labor --- Diseases: AIDS and HIV --- Demography --- Education: General --- Financial Aspects of Economic Integration --- Nonwage Labor Costs and Benefits --- Private Pensions --- Health Behavior --- Demographic Economics: General --- Pensions --- Education --- Population & demography --- International economics --- HIV/AIDS --- Monetary unions --- HIV and AIDS --- Population and demographics --- Economic integration --- Health --- HIV --- Viruses --- Population --- Namibia --- Hiv and AIDS --- Hiv --- Hiv/AIDS
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The Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) prepared by the Burkinabè government forms the principal benchmark for all development actors, and reaffirms the urgency of attacking poverty from a structural perspective. It is the primary tool for coordination of all interventions and of public aid to development. The partnership existing between the government and the various actors under the PRSP makes the latter a powerful tool for resource mobilization. Further more, the PRSP will help in a stable macroeconomic framework by strengthening budget management and public investments.
Investments: Commodities --- Macroeconomics --- Diseases: AIDS and HIV --- Health: General --- Education: General --- Labor Economics: General --- Agriculture: General --- Health Behavior --- Health economics --- Education --- Labour --- income economics --- Investment & securities --- HIV/AIDS --- Health --- Labor --- Agricultural commodities --- HIV and AIDS --- Commodities --- Labor economics --- Farm produce --- HIV --- Viruses --- Burkina Faso --- Hiv and AIDS --- Hiv --- Hiv/AIDS --- Income economics
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