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Ecological heterogeneity --- Ecologische heterogeniteit --- Heterogeneity [Ecological ] --- Heterogeniteit [Ecologische ] --- Hétérogénéité écologique --- Sex role --- Philosophy --- Sex differences --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Irigaray, Luce

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Understanding and predicting species diversity in ecological communities is one of the great challenges in community ecology. Popular recent theory contends that the traits of species are "neutral" or unimportant to coexistence, yet abundant experimental evidence suggests that multiple species are able to coexist on the same limiting resource precisely because they differ in key traits, such as body size, diet, and resource demand. This book presents a new theory of coexistence that incorporates two important aspects of biodiversity in nature--scale and spatial variation in the supply of limiting resources. Introducing an innovative model that uses fractal geometry to describe the complex physical structure of nature, Mark Ritchie shows how species traits, particularly body size, lead to spatial patterns of resource use that allow species to coexist. He explains how this criterion for coexistence can be converted into a "rule" for how many species can be "packed" into an environment given the supply of resources and their spatial variability. He then demonstrates how this rule can be used to predict a range of patterns in ecological communities, such as body-size distributions, species-abundance distributions, and species-area relations. Ritchie illustrates how the predictions closely match data from many real communities, including those of mammalian herbivores, grasshoppers, dung beetles, and birds. This book offers a compelling alternative to "neutral" theory in community ecology, one that helps us better understand patterns of biodiversity across the Earth.

Animal population density. --- Biotic communities. --- Biodiversity. --- Ecological heterogeneity. --- Animal populations --- Density, Animal population --- Population density, Animal --- Population biology --- Zoogeography --- Allee effect --- Biocenoses --- Biocoenoses --- Biogeoecology --- Biological communities --- Biomes --- Biotic community ecology --- Communities, Biotic --- Community ecology, Biotic --- Ecological communities --- Ecosystems --- Natural communities --- Ecology --- Biological diversification --- Biological diversity --- Biotic diversity --- Diversification, Biological --- Diversity, Biological --- Biology --- Biocomplexity --- Ecological heterogeneity --- Numbers of species --- Heterogeneity, Ecological --- Biodiversity --- Fragmented landscapes --- Density

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"Source-sink theories provide a simple yet powerful framework for understanding how the patterns, processes and dynamics of ecological systems vary and interact over space and time. Integrating multiple research fields, including population biology and landscape ecology, this book presents the latest advances in source-sink theories, methods and applications in the conservation and management of natural resources and biodiversity. The interdisciplinary team of authors uses detailed case studies, innovative field experiments and modeling, and comprehensive syntheses to incorporate source-sink ideas into research and management, and explores how sustainability can be achieved in today's increasingly fragile human-dominated ecosystems. Providing a comprehensive picture of source-sink research as well as tangible applications to real world conservation issues, this book is ideal for graduate students, researchers, natural-resource managers and policy makers"--

ecology --- Landscape conservation --- Natural resources management --- Source sink relations --- Biodiversity --- comminution --- Sustainable development --- Animal populations --- Habitat selection. --- Animals --- Ecological heterogeneity. --- Ecosystem management. --- Research. --- Dispersal. --- Biotic communities --- Ecosystems management --- Applied ecology --- Environmental management --- Nature conservation --- Biodiversity conservation --- Heterogeneity, Ecological --- Ecology --- Fragmented landscapes --- Animal dispersal --- Dispersal of animals --- Selection of habitat --- Animal ecology --- Habitat (Ecology) --- Resource partitioning (Ecology) --- Demography, Wildlife --- Populations, Animal --- Wildlife demography --- Wildlife populations --- Population biology --- Management --- Habitat selection

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Precision farming is an agricultural management system using global navigation satellite systems, geographic information systems, remote sensing, and data management systems for optimizing the use of nutrients, water, seed, pesticides and energy in heterogeneous field situations. This book, generated by scientists from a broad range of scientific disciplines, provides extensive information on the state-of-the-art of research on precision crop protection and recent developments in site-specific application technologies for the management of weeds, arthropod pests, pathogens and nematodes. It gives the reader an up-to-date and in-depth review of both basic and applied research developments. The chapters discuss I) biology and epidemiology of pests, II) new sensor technologies, III) applications of multi-scale sensor systems, IV) sensor detection of pests in growing crops, V) spatial and non-spatial data management, VI) impact of pest heterogeneity and VII) precise mechanical and chemical pest control. Examples for the use of technologies are given for the management of pests which enable growers to vary application timing and dosage, and to optimize pesticide mixtures or intensity of mechanical weeding according to the spatial and temporal variability of pests.

Crop protection. --- Precision farming. --- Plants, Protection of --- Phytopathogenic microorganisms --- Precision farming --- Agriculture --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Agriculture - General --- Plant Sciences --- Remote sensing --- Control --- Plants, Protection of. --- Agricultural innovations. --- Ecological heterogeneity. --- Heterogeneity, Ecological --- Innovations, Agricultural --- Technological change in agriculture --- Crop protection --- Plant protection --- Protection of plants --- Innovations --- Technological innovations --- Life sciences. --- Geotechnical engineering. --- Remote sensing. --- Agriculture. --- Entomology. --- Life Sciences. --- Remote Sensing/Photogrammetry. --- Geotechnical Engineering & Applied Earth Sciences. --- Forest protection --- Herbicide safeners --- Ecology --- Biodiversity --- Fragmented landscapes --- Technology transfer --- Insects --- Zoology --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Engineering, Geotechnical --- Geotechnics --- Geotechnology --- Engineering geology --- Remote-sensing imagery --- Remote sensing systems --- Remote terrain sensing --- Sensing, Remote --- Terrain sensing, Remote --- Aerial photogrammetry --- Aerospace telemetry --- Detectors --- Space optics