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Two groups were persecuted over the course of four hundred years in what is now the southwestern United States, each dissimulating and disguising who they truly were. Both now declare their true identities, yet raise hostility. The Penitentes are a lay Catholic brotherhood that practices bloody rites of self-flagellation and crucifixion, but claim this is a misrepresentation and that they are a community and a charitable organization. Marranos, an ambiguous and complicated population of Sephardic descendants, claim to be anousim. Both peoples have a complex, shared history. This book disentangles the web, redefines the terms, and creates new contexts in which these groups are viewed with respect and sympathy without idealizing or slandering them. Simms uses rabbinics, literary analyses, psychohistory, and cultural anthropology to consolidate a history of mentalities.

Marranos --- Jews --- Conversos --- Maranos --- New Christians (Marranos) --- Crypto-Jews --- Jewish Christians --- Hebrews --- Israelites --- Jewish people --- Jewry --- Judaic people --- Judaists --- Ethnology --- Religious adherents --- Semites --- Judaism --- History. --- Religious life --- Social life and customs. --- Hermanos Penitentes --- Penitent Brothers --- Penitentes --- Hermanos de la Luz --- Holy Brotherhood of Nuestro Padre Jesús Nazareno --- Fraternidad Piadosa de Nuestro Padre Jesús Nazareno --- Cofradía de Nuestro Padre Jesús Nazareno --- Hermanos de Nuestro Padre Jesús --- Religion. --- Southwest, New --- Sunbelt States --- Religious life and customs. --- Conversos (Marranos) --- Anusim --- Converts