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"Walks on the Ground is a record of Ponca elder Louis V. Headman's personal study of the Southern Ponca people, spanning seven decades"--

HISTORY / Native American --- SOCIAL SCIENCE / Ethnic Studies / Native American Studies --- Ponca Indians --- Ponka Indians --- Dhegiha Indians --- Indians of North America --- History.

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This history of the Mahicans begins with the appearance of Europeans on the Hudson River in 1609 and ends with the removal of these Native people to Wisconsin in the 1830s. Marshaling the methods of history, ethnology, and archaeology, William A. Starna describes as comprehensively as the sources allow the Mahicans while in their Hudson and Housatonic Valley homeland; after their consolidation at the praying town of Stockbridge, Massachusetts; and following their move to Oneida country in central New York at the end of the Revolution and their migration west.The emphasis throughout this book is on describing and placing into historical context Mahican relations with surrounding Native groups: the Munsees of the lower Hudson, eastern Iroquoians, and the St. Lawrence and New England Algonquians. Starna also examines the Mahicans'interactions with Dutch, English, and French interlopers. The first and most transformative of these encounters was with the Dutch and the trade in furs, which ushered in culture change and the loss of Mahican lands. The Dutch presence, along with the new economy, worked to unsettle political alliances in the region that, while leading to new alignments, often engendered rivalries and war. The result is an outstanding examination of the historical record that will become the definitive work on the Mahican people from the colonial period to the Removal Era. "The definitive ethnohistory of the Mahicans of New York State from the colonial period to the Removal Era"--

HISTORY / United States / State & Local / Middle Atlantic (DC, DE, MD, NJ, NY, PA). --- HISTORY / Native American. --- SOCIAL SCIENCE / Ethnic Studies / Native American Studies. --- Ethnohistory --- Mahican Indians --- Mohican Indians (N.Y.) --- River Indians (N.Y.) --- Algonquian Indians --- Indians of North America --- Moravian Indians --- Ethnohistorical method --- Historical anthropology --- Historical ethnology --- Anthropology --- Ethnology --- History. --- Methodology --- Muhhekaneew Indians

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"At dawn on September 22, 1711, more than 500 Tuscarora, Core, Neuse, Pamlico, Weetock, Machapunga, and Bear River Indian warriors swept down on the unsuspecting European settlers living along the Neuse and Pamlico Rivers of North Carolina. Over the following days, they destroyed hundreds of farms, killed at least 140 men, women, and children, and took about 40 captives. So began the Tuscarora War, North Carolina's bloodiest colonial war and surely one of its most brutal. In his gripping account, David La Vere examines the war through the lens of key players in the conflict, reveals the events that led to it, and traces its far-reaching consequences. La Vere details the innovative fortifications produced by the Tuscaroras, chronicles the colony's new practice of enslaving all captives and selling them out of country, and shows how both sides drew support from forces far outside the colony's borders. In these ways and others, La Vere concludes, this merciless war pointed a new direction in the development of the future state of North Carolina"--

HISTORY / United States / State & Local / Middle Atlantic (DC, DE, MD, NJ, NY, PA). --- HISTORY / Native American. --- HISTORY / United States / State & Local / South (AL, AR, FL, GA, KY, LA, MS, NC, SC, TN, VA, WV). --- Indians of North America --- Indian slaves --- Tuscarora Indians --- Slaves --- History. --- Wars, 1711-1713. --- Wars --- North Carolina --- History --- Enslaved persons --- Enslaved Indians

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"In this first book devoted to the genesis, failure, and lasting legacy of Ulysses S. Grant's comprehensive American Indian policy, Mary Stockwell shows Grant as an essential bridge between Andrew Jackson's pushing Indians out of the American experience and Franklin D. Roosevelt's welcoming them back in. Situating Grant at the center of Indian policy development after the Civil War, Interrupted Odyssey: Ulysses S. Grant and the American Indians reveals the bravery and foresight of the eighteenth president in saying that Indians must be saved and woven into the fabric of American life. In the late 1860s, before becoming president, Grant collaborated with Ely Parker, a Seneca Indian who became his first commissioner of Indian affairs, on a plan to rescue the tribes from certain destruction. Grant hoped to save the Indians from extermination by moving them to reservations, where they would be guarded by the U.S. Army, and welcoming them into the nation as American citizens. By so doing, he would restore the executive branch's traditional authority over Indian policy that had been upended by Jackson. In Interrupted Odyssey, Stockwell rejects the common claim in previous Grant scholarship that he handed the reservations over to Christian missionaries as part of his original policy. In part because Grant's plan ended political patronage, Congress overturned his policy by disallowing Army officers from serving in civil posts, abandoning the treaty system, and making the new Board of Indian Commissioners the supervisors of the Indian service. Only after Congress banned Army officers from the Indian service did Grant place missionaries in charge of the reservations, and only after the board falsely accused Parker of fraud before Congress did Grant lose faith in his original policy.

Stockwell explores in depth the ousting of Parker, revealing the deep-seated prejudices that fueled opposition to him, and details Grant's stunned disappointment when the Modoc murdered his peace commissioners and several tribes--the Comanche, Kiowa, Cheyenne, and Sioux--rose up against his plans for them.

Though his dreams were interrupted through the opposition of Congress, reformers, and the tribes themselves, Grant set his country firmly toward making Indians full participants in the national experience. In setting Grant's contributions against the wider story of the American Indians, Stockwell's bold, thoughtful reappraisal reverses the general dismissal of Grant's approach to the Indians as a complete failure and highlights the courage of his policies during a time of great prejudice"-- "Stockwell shows how Grant was the one key figure between President Andrew Jackson, who pushed the tribes out of the American experience, and President Franklin D. Roosevelt, who welcomed them back in, who was the brave enough to say the Indians must be saved, not exterminated, and made citizens of the United States"--

Indians of North America --- HISTORY / United States / 19th Century. --- HISTORY / Native American. --- BIOGRAPHY & AUTOBIOGRAPHY / Presidents & Heads of State. --- Indian inspectors --- Government relations. --- Government policy --- Grant, Ulysses S. --- Grant, Sam, --- Grant, Hiram Ulysses, --- Grant, Ulysses Simpson, --- Grant, U. S. --- 格蘭氏, --- Relations with Indians.

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In Calvinists and Indians in the Northeastern Woodlands, Stephen T. Staggs analyzes the impact of the Dutch Reformation upon the cross-cultural relations between those living in and around New Netherland. Staggs shows that Native Americans and New Netherlanders hunted, smoked, ate, and drank together, shared their faith while traveling in a canoe, and slept in each other's bedrooms. Such details emerge in documents written by New Netherlanders like Megapolensis. Author of the most accurate account of the Kanien'kehá:ka (Mohawks) by a Dutch Reformed minister, Megapolensis provides a window into the influence and limits of the Dutch Reformation upon the dynamic, multifaceted relationships that developed in the early modern Northeastern Woodlands.

Megapolensis came of age when Dutch Reformed theologians looked to the Bible to incorporate Indians into a Reformed worldview. In so doing, they characterized Indians as 'blind Gentiles' to whom the Dutch were being called, by God, to present the gospel through the preaching of the Bible and the Christian conduct of colonists, which necessitated social interaction. This characterization ultimately informed the instructions given to those heading to New Netherland, raised expectations among the clergy and lay chaplains who served in the colony, and prefigured the reciprocal, intimate relationships that developed between Indians and New Netherlanders during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.

Indians of North America --- Reformation --- HISTORY / Native American. --- Protestant Reformation --- Church history --- Counter-Reformation --- Protestantism --- Missions. --- Influence. --- History --- Empire and Colonialism, Native American and Indigenous History, Atlantic History, Dutch Republic, Dutch Calvinism. --- Missions --- History of North America --- anno 1500-1599 --- anno 1600-1699 --- anno 1700-1799 --- Calvinists --- Dutch --- Government relations. --- New Netherland --- History.