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Haiti -- Description and travel --- Haiti -- Economic conditions

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HAITI--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT --- HAITI--RACE RELATIONS --- HAITI--HISTORY --- HAITI--ECONOMIC CONDITIONS --- HAITI--ETHNIC RELATIONS

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Haiti’s 2006 and 2010 Fund-supported programs started under very different circumstances but shared the main objectives of preserving macroeconomic stability and creating the conditions for a sustained growth takeoff through structural reform. The 2006 program started as Haiti was making progress toward macroeconomic stabilization. Reducing inflation and avoiding fiscal dominance of monetary policy were top priorities. The 2010 program started in the aftermath of a devastating earthquake. It faced the challenges of dealing with a huge inflow of aid and scaling up public investment. Both programs aimed to foster reforms to address long-standing governance and transparency concerns, as well as improving revenue mobilization to increase fiscal space and reduce fiscal vulnerabilities. Growth was to rise to 4-6 percent, an ambitious objective given Haiti’s long history of serious fragility with near zero or negative growth. There were notable successes during the two programs. Despite a series of shocks, inflation remained in single digits and international reserves increased by more than expected, which helped to limit exchange rate volatility in the context of the large aid inflow. Program performance criteria effectively eliminated central bank credit to the government, thus reducing risks of fiscal dominance. Structural reforms also advanced, particularly during the 2006 program which coincided with the HIPC process. Revenue administration improved, with tax revenue rising steadily over the two programs. These achievements were not negligible given Haiti’s history.

Economic assistance -- Haiti. --- Haiti -- Economic conditions. --- Haiti -- Economic policy. --- International monetary fund -- Haiti. --- Haiti

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908 <729.4> --- 882.1 Caraïben --- Haiti --- Social conditions --- Economic conditions --- 830 Economie --- 843 Middenveld --- 844.6 Samenlevingsproblemen --- Economic conditions. --- Social conditions. --- Haiti - Social conditions --- Haiti - Economic conditions

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Haïti, 12 janvier 2010. En moins d'une minute, un tremblement de terre détruit une partie de la capitale Port-au-Prince et plusieurs villes voisines. Plus de 230 000 morts, 300 000 blessés et plus d'un million de sans-abri. Un formidable élan de générosité international mais aussi une multitude d'interventions humanitaires non exemptes de critiques. Une nouvelle fois, Haïti est blessée. Affaiblie par un demi-siècle de gestion politique, économique et sociale désastreuse ainsi que par une succession de catastrophes naturelles (cyclones, inondations, sécheresses, épidémies), la « perle des Antilles » se relèvera-t-elle ? Beaucoup sont ceux qui aujourd'hui répondent par l'affirmative malgré l'importance des obstacles à surmonter. Comme si le 12 janvier 2010 marquait la fin d'une époque et donc le début d'une autre. Conçu comme un « trialogue » entre la société civile haïtienne, la diaspora et le monde de la solidarité internationale, cet ouvrage est né à l'occasion du colloque « Haïti : des lendemains qui tremblent » qui s'est tenu à Genève en janvier 2011. Il réunit des contributions d'experts qui considèrent que le tremblement de terre et ses conséquences créent les conditions d'un grand débat national et international sur l'avenir d'Haïti. Il analyse sans complaisance les faiblesses de la société haïtienne, les ambiguïtés de la diaspora et les jeux souvent contestables de l'aide internationale. Il propose des pistes de réflexion et des priorités pour reconstruire une société aspirant à plus de liberté, de justice et d'égalité. Le séisme sera-t-il l'événement qui permettra à Haïti d'entrer enfin dans le xxie siècle ?

Earthquake relief --- Haiti Earthquake, Haiti, 2010 --- Democratization --- Haiti --- Politics and government --- Social conditions --- Economic conditions --- Relief, Earthquake --- Disaster relief --- Earthquake relief - Haiti - Congresses --- Haiti Earthquake, Haiti, 2010 - Congresses --- Democratization - Haiti - Congresses --- Haiti - Politics and government - 21st century - Congresses --- Haiti - Social conditions - 21st century - Congresses --- Haiti - Economic conditions - 21st century - Congresses --- 2010 --- séisme --- conditions économiques --- conditions sociales --- Haïti