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This comprehensive text is a major synthesis on ecological change in the Gulf of Alaska. It encompasses the structural and annual changes, forces of change, long-ecological changes in the atmosphere and ocean, plankton, fish, birds and mammals, and the effects of the 1989 Exxon Valdez Oil Spill. With 5 major sections, Long-term Ecological Change in the Northern Gulf of Alaska first describes the physical features, the atmosphere and physical oceanography, the annual production cycle, the forage base for higher animals and trophic transfer, and the adaptations for survival in th

Marine ecology --- Ecological disturbances --- Ecosystem health --- Aquatic habitats --- Fish communities --- Marine mammals --- Sea birds --- Oil spills --- Environmental aspects --- Oilspills --- Marine birds --- Ocean birds --- Seabirds --- Communities, Fish --- Ecological health --- Health, Ecological --- Health, Ecosystem --- Disturbance ecology --- Disturbances, Ecological --- Ecological perturbations --- Ecosystem disturbances --- Ecosystem perturbations --- Environmental disturbances --- Environmental perturbations --- Perturbations, Ecological --- Biological oceanography --- Marine ecosystems --- Ocean --- Ecology --- Environmental disasters --- Oil pollution of rivers, harbors, etc. --- Oil pollution of the sea --- Marine animals --- Water birds --- Aquatic mammals --- Animal communities --- Fishes --- Aquatic ecology --- Habitat (Ecology) --- Alaska, Gulf of (Alaska) --- Environmental conditions. --- Gulf of Alaska (Alaska)