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When violence occurs in democracies it is often characterized as an aberration. The state that saw human rights violations and failure of law and order in Gujarat in 2002 emerged, even if by its own admission, as a model for good governance. Communal Violence, Forced Migration and the State, through an account of displaced Muslims, challenges this notion. Through the unlikely yet probing lens of displacement, it offers fresh insight into communal violence and is an important resource for the emerging domain of forced migration and the changing nature of the state in a globalized world.

Gujarat Riots, India, 2002. --- Muslims --- Forced migration --- Citizenship --- Cleansing, Ethnic --- Compulsory resettlement --- Ethnic cleansing --- Ethnic purification --- Involuntary resettlement --- Migration, Forced --- Purification, Ethnic --- Relocation, Forced --- Resettlement, Involuntary --- Migration, Internal --- Birthright citizenship --- Citizenship (International law) --- National citizenship --- Nationality (Citizenship) --- Political science --- Public law --- Allegiance --- Civics --- Domicile --- Political rights --- Riots --- Godhra Train Fire, Godhra, India, 2002 --- Law and legislation --- Gujarat (India) --- Ethnic relations. --- Politics and government.

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In 2002, after an altercation between Muslim vendors and Hindu travelers at a railway station in the Indian state of Gujarat, fifty-nine Hindu pilgrims were burned to death. The ruling nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party blamed Gujarat's entire Muslim minority for the tragedy and incited fellow Hindus to exact revenge. The resulting violence left more than one thousand people dead--most of them Muslims--and tens of thousands more displaced from their homes. Parvis Ghassem-Fachandi witnessed the bloodshed up close. In Pogrom in Gujarat, he provides a riveting ethnographic account of collective violence in which the doctrine of ahimsa--or nonviolence--and the closely associated practices of vegetarianism became implicated by legitimating what they formally disavow. Ghassem-Fachandi looks at how newspapers, movies, and other media helped to fuel the pogrom. He shows how the vegetarian sensibilities of Hindus and the language of sacrifice were manipulated to provoke disgust against Muslims and mobilize the aspiring middle classes across caste and class differences in the name of Hindu nationalism. Drawing on his intimate knowledge of Gujarat's culture and politics and the close ties he shared with some of the pogrom's sympathizers, Ghassem-Fachandi offers a strikingly original interpretation of the different ways in which Hindu proponents of ahimsa became complicit in the very violence they claimed to renounce.

Muslims --- Ethnic conflict --- Pogroms --- Gujarat Riots, India, 2002. --- Mohammedans --- Moors (People) --- Moslems --- Muhammadans --- Musalmans --- Mussalmans --- Mussulmans --- Mussulmen --- Religious adherents --- Islam --- Conflict, Ethnic --- Ethnic violence --- Inter-ethnic conflict --- Interethnic conflict --- Ethnic relations --- Social conflict --- Genocide --- Jews --- Massacres --- Riots --- Godhra Train Fire, Godhra, India, 2002 --- Violence against --- Persecutions --- 2002 pogrom. --- Ahmedabad. --- Ahmedabadis. --- Bharatiya Janata Party. --- Dalit. --- Gandhi. --- Godhra incident. --- Gujarat. --- Gulbarg Society. --- Hindu nationalism. --- Hindu pilgrim. --- HinduЍuslim divide. --- ISI. --- Indian national integration. --- Jain. --- Jainism. --- Muslim communities. --- Muslim. --- Muslims. --- Naroda Patiya. --- Pakistani intelligence services. --- Rajput. --- Sandesh. --- The Times of India. --- Vaishnava traditions. --- accumulated suggestion. --- ahimsa. --- anti-Gujarati plots. --- anti-Hindu. --- anti-Muslim pogrom. --- bandh. --- butcher. --- civic order. --- collective violence. --- communal aggregation. --- cosmopolitan freedom. --- cultural processes. --- cultural unity. --- dietary habits. --- economic discipline. --- ethnic cultivation. --- heterogeneity. --- identification. --- insinuation. --- krodh. --- low-intensity tension. --- meat eater. --- meat eating. --- middle class. --- modern decadence. --- news coverage. --- nonviolence. --- phantasmagoria. --- pogrom. --- political movement. --- potency. --- power. --- pratikriya. --- psychological processes. --- relief. --- sacrifice. --- separation. --- sexual fantasies. --- state police. --- stereotypes. --- terrorism. --- tofan. --- urban experience. --- urban spaces. --- vegetarianism. --- violence. --- wage earners. --- women. --- word imagery.