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Thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is an autoimmune disorder associated to Graves’disease. In chronic phase, it is characterised by fibrosis and novo adipogenesis, but the mechanism is not yet clear. In this work, we have observed an extended infiltration of mast cells in TAO extraocular muscles and they certainly play a key role in the development of fibrotic and adipose tissues.
Muscular cells themselves have been poorly analysed up to now and are generally considered as intact, although TAO, as all autoimmune disorders, certainly involves oxidative stress. Indeed, we have observed an increased number of cells whose nuclei were labelled with caspase-6, a marker of cell apoptosis. Concomitantly, in TAO cases, the cytoplasmic expression of peroxiredoxines (PRDX5, PRDX3), known as antioxidant proteins was increased. As shown by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR, adiponectin level was also increased in TAO, adiponectin being located in the cytoplasm of the muscular cells and of endothelial cells. PPARγ known to stimulate adiponectin expression is also detected at high level in the nuclei of muscular cells in cases of TAO. The upregulation of adiponectin and PPARγ could be linked to the antioxidant properties of both proteins.
In conclusion, extraocular muscular cells do possess a protective system against oxidative stress in autoimmune TAO

Antioxidants --- Oxidative Stress --- Adiponectin --- PPAR gamma --- Graves Ophthalmopathy --- Muscle Cells --- Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle --- Mice, Obese

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This text presents cutting-edge topics on and the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for tear film abnormities, including dry eye disease and Meibomian gland dysfunction. A new management algorithm for Meibomian gland dysfunction, therapeutic eye drops and intense pulsed lasers for dry eye disease, and topical and systemic agents for neuropathic ocular pain are proposed in this issue.

Medicine --- cross-sectional study --- dry eye disease --- systemic comorbidity --- graves’ ophthalmopathy --- inflammation --- meibomian glands --- morphological changes --- meibomian gland dysfunction --- ocular surface disease --- dry eye symptoms --- questionnaire --- Bangladesh --- global health --- epidemiology --- aqueous-deficient dry eye --- meibomian gland --- intense pulsed light --- severe keratitis --- hyaluronan --- hylan A --- multicenter --- randomized trial --- gabapentin --- dry eye --- neuropathic pain --- diabetes --- neuropathic keratopathy --- neuropathy --- nerve growth --- neurotrophic --- Houttuynia --- ultrasonic atomization --- meibography --- meiboscore --- TRPM8 agonist --- cryosim-3 --- fatty acids --- vitamin D --- brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire --- Japanese --- cross-sectional study --- dry eye disease --- systemic comorbidity --- graves’ ophthalmopathy --- inflammation --- meibomian glands --- morphological changes --- meibomian gland dysfunction --- ocular surface disease --- dry eye symptoms --- questionnaire --- Bangladesh --- global health --- epidemiology --- aqueous-deficient dry eye --- meibomian gland --- intense pulsed light --- severe keratitis --- hyaluronan --- hylan A --- multicenter --- randomized trial --- gabapentin --- dry eye --- neuropathic pain --- diabetes --- neuropathic keratopathy --- neuropathy --- nerve growth --- neurotrophic --- Houttuynia --- ultrasonic atomization --- meibography --- meiboscore --- TRPM8 agonist --- cryosim-3 --- fatty acids --- vitamin D --- brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire --- Japanese

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This text presents cutting-edge topics on and the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for tear film abnormities, including dry eye disease and Meibomian gland dysfunction. A new management algorithm for Meibomian gland dysfunction, therapeutic eye drops and intense pulsed lasers for dry eye disease, and topical and systemic agents for neuropathic ocular pain are proposed in this issue.

cross-sectional study --- dry eye disease --- systemic comorbidity --- graves’ ophthalmopathy --- inflammation --- meibomian glands --- morphological changes --- meibomian gland dysfunction --- ocular surface disease --- dry eye symptoms --- questionnaire --- Bangladesh --- global health --- epidemiology --- aqueous-deficient dry eye --- meibomian gland --- intense pulsed light --- severe keratitis --- hyaluronan --- hylan A --- multicenter --- randomized trial --- gabapentin --- dry eye --- neuropathic pain --- diabetes --- neuropathic keratopathy --- neuropathy --- nerve growth --- neurotrophic --- Houttuynia --- ultrasonic atomization --- meibography --- meiboscore --- TRPM8 agonist --- cryosim-3 --- fatty acids --- vitamin D --- brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire --- Japanese