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A new history of globalization and empire at the crossroads of the Pacific. Located halfway between Hawai‘i and Australia, the islands of Samoa have long been a center of Oceanian cultural and economic exchange. Accustomed to exercising agency in trade and diplomacy, Samoans found themselves enmeshed in a new form of globalization after missionaries and traders arrived in the middle of the nineteenth century. As the great powers of Europe and America competed to bring Samoa into their orbits, Germany and the United States eventually agreed to divide the islands for their burgeoning colonial holdings. In Coconut Colonialism, Holger Droessler examines the Samoan response through the lives of its workers. Ordinary Samoans—some on large plantations, others on their own small holdings—picked and processed coconuts and cocoa, tapped rubber trees, and built roads and ports that brought cash crops to Europe and North America. At the same time, Samoans redefined their own way of being in the world—what Droessler terms “Oceanian globality”—to challenge German and American visions of a global economy that in fact served only the needs of Western capitalism. Through cooperative farming, Samoans contested the exploitative wage-labor system introduced by colonial powers. The islanders also participated in ethnographic shows around the world, turning them into diplomatic missions and making friends with fellow colonized peoples. Samoans thereby found ways to press their own agendas and regain a degree of independence. Based on research in multiple languages and countries, Coconut Colonialism offers new insights into the global history of labor and empire at the dawn of the twentieth century.

Globalization --- Cultural fusion --- Coconut industry --- History. --- Samoan Islands --- Colonization --- Relations --- Coconut trade --- Fruit trade --- Culture fusion --- Fusion, Cultural --- Hybridism (Social sciences) --- Hybridity (Social sciences) --- Cultural relations --- Acculturation --- Assimilation (Sociology) --- Ethnicity --- Multiculturalism --- Cultural pluralism --- Global cities --- Globalisation --- Internationalization --- International relations --- Anti-globalization movement --- Navigators Islands --- Samoa Islands --- Samoan Archipelago --- Islands of the Pacific --- Polynesia --- Coconut. --- Cultural fusion. --- Samoa. --- Cocoanut --- Coconut palm --- Fruit --- Palm products --- Independent State of Samoa --- Malo Saʻoloto Tutoʻatasi o Samoa --- Government of Samoa --- Malo o Samoa --- Western Samoa --- Cultural hybridity --- Transculturalism --- Transculturation --- American Samoa. --- Apia. --- German Samoa. --- Germany. --- Oceania. --- agriculture. --- copra. --- ethnography. --- globality. --- globalization. --- labor. --- malaga. --- plantation. --- race. --- trade. --- trader.

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Samoa was hit hard by a strong tropical cyclone, and the authorities are to be commended for their swift response to the resulting disaster. Economic growth this fiscal year is expected to be significantly lower than projected prior to the cyclone, but there are encouraging signs of early recovery. The need is to aim the fiscal strategy at securing sufficient resources while minimizing borrowing. With subdued inflationary pressures and the need to support the recovery, monetary policy should remain accommodative.

AA / International- internationaal --- 333.825 --- 333.454.1 --- Deviezenpolitiek. Interventies --- Techniek, wetgeving en organismen voor de wisselcontrole. BLIW --- Monetary policy --- Monetary management --- Economic policy --- Currency boards --- Money supply --- Samoa --- Independent State of Samoa --- Malo Saʻoloto Tutoʻatasi o Samoa --- Government of Samoa --- Malo o Samoa --- Western Samoa --- Economic conditions. --- Banks and Banking --- Budgeting --- Exports and Imports --- Public Finance --- Natural Disasters --- Macroeconomics --- International Lending and Debt Problems --- Debt --- Debt Management --- Sovereign Debt --- Climate --- Natural Disasters and Their Management --- Global Warming --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Current Account Adjustment --- Short-term Capital Movements --- International economics --- Public finance & taxation --- Natural disasters --- Banking --- Budgeting & financial management --- Public debt --- External debt --- Expenditure --- Debt burden --- Environment --- Debts, External --- Debts, Public --- Expenditures, Public --- Balance of payments

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This paper presents an assessment of the supervision and regulation of Samoa’s financial sector. The size of the offshore business remains very small compared with major offshore centers. The registration of International Business Companies represents the largest offshore business for Samoa. For offshore banks, the Samoan authorities have tightened regulatory controls following the amendment to the Offshore Banking Act in 1998, and as a result, the number of offshore banks has been reduced significantly.

Financial institutions --- Financial statements --- Finance --- Fiscal policy --- Tax policy --- Taxation --- Economic policy --- Finance, Public --- Funding --- Funds --- Economics --- Currency question --- Balance sheets --- Corporate financial statements --- Earnings statements --- Financial reports --- Income statements --- Operating statements --- Profit and loss statements --- Statements, Financial --- Accounting --- Bookkeeping --- Business records --- Corporation reports --- Financial intermediaries --- Lending institutions --- Associations, institutions, etc. --- State supervision --- Government policy --- Samoa --- Independent State of Samoa --- Malo Saʻoloto Tutoʻatasi o Samoa --- Government of Samoa --- Malo o Samoa --- Western Samoa --- Economic conditions. --- Economic policy. --- Banks and Banking --- Industries: Financial Services --- Criminology --- International Lending and Debt Problems --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Pension Funds --- Non-bank Financial Institutions --- Financial Instruments --- Institutional Investors --- Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law --- Financial Institutions and Services: Government Policy and Regulation --- Banking --- Corporate crime --- white-collar crime --- Offshore financial centers --- Insurance companies --- Money laundering --- Financial services --- Crime --- Commercial banks --- International finance --- Banks and banking --- Financial services industry --- White-collar crime

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This 2017 Article IV Consultation highlights Samoa’s continued good economic performance. Economic activity picked up during 2015/16 driven by tourism arrivals, lower fuel prices, and new fish processing facilities, further boosted by two major sporting events and infrastructure projects. Although the pace will moderate in 2017/18 and in 2018/19 with the closure of a large manufacturing plant, growth is expected to remain buoyant. The outlook is moderately positive though subject to downside risks related to Samoa’s vulnerability to natural disasters, elevated contingent liabilities, and withdrawal of correspondent banking relationships. Given Samoa’s reliance on workers’ remittances, the closure of bank accounts of money transfer operators heightens the risk of a disruption to remittance payments.

Samoa --- Independent State of Samoa --- Malo Saʻoloto Tutoʻatasi o Samoa --- Government of Samoa --- Malo o Samoa --- Western Samoa --- Economic conditions. --- Banks and Banking --- Exports and Imports --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Natural Disasters --- Criminology --- Statistics --- Climate --- Natural Disasters and Their Management --- Global Warming --- Debt --- Debt Management --- Sovereign Debt --- International Lending and Debt Problems --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law --- Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology --- Computer Programs: Other --- Natural disasters --- Public finance & taxation --- International economics --- Banking --- Corporate crime --- white-collar crime --- Econometrics & economic statistics --- Public debt --- Anti-money laundering and combating the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT) --- External debt --- Correspondent banking --- Environment --- Crime --- Credit --- Money --- Debts, Public --- Debts, External --- Money laundering --- Correspondent banks --- White-collar crime

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Government bureaucracies across the globe have become increasingly attuned in recent years to cultural diversity within their populations. Using culture as a category to process people and dispense services, however, can create its own problems and unintended consequences. In No Family Is an Island, a comparative ethnography of Samoan migrants living in the United States and New Zealand, Ilana Gershon investigates how and when the categories "cultural" and "acultural" become relevant for Samoans as they encounter cultural differences in churches, ritual exchanges, welfare offices, and community-based organizations.In both New Zealand and the United States, Samoan migrants are minor minorities in an ethnic constellation dominated by other minority groups. As a result, they often find themselves in contexts where the challenge is not to establish the terms of the debate but to rewrite them. To navigate complicated and often unyielding bureaucracies, they must become skilled in what Gershon calls "reflexive engagement" with the multiple social orders they inhabit. Those who are successful are able to parlay their own cultural expertise (their "Samoanness") into an ability to subtly alter the institutions with which they interact in their everyday lives. Just as the "cultural" is sometimes constrained by the forces exerted by acultural institutions, so too can migrant culture reshape the bureaucracies of their new countries. Theoretically sophisticated yet highly readable, No Family Is an Island contributes significantly to our understanding of the modern immigrant experience of making homes abroad.

Samoans --- Samoan Americans --- Ethnology --- Polynesians --- Social conditions. --- New Zealand --- California --- Samoa --- Alta California (Province) --- CA --- Cal. --- Cali. --- Calif. --- Californias (Province) --- CF --- Chia-chou --- Departamento de Californias --- Kʻaellipʻonia --- Kʻaellipʻonia-ju --- Kʻaellipʻoniaju --- Kalifornii --- Kalifornii︠a︡ --- Kalifornija --- Ḳalifornyah --- Ḳalifornye --- Kālīfūrniyā --- Kaliphornia --- Karapōnia --- Kariforunia --- Kariforunia-shū --- Medinat Ḳalifornyah --- Politeia tēs Kaliphornias --- Provincia de Californias --- Shtat Kalifornii︠a︡ --- State of California --- Upper California --- Πολιτεία της Καλιφόρνιας --- Καλιφόρνια --- Штат Каліфорнія --- Калифорния --- Калифорнија --- Калифорнии --- Каліфорнія --- קאליפארניע --- קליפורניה --- מדינת קליפורניה --- كاليفورنيا --- カリフォルニア --- カリフォルニア州 --- 캘리포니아 --- 캘리포니아 주 --- 캘리포니아주 --- Aotearoa --- N.Z. (New Zealand) --- Nea Zēlandia --- Neu-Seeland --- Neuseeland --- Nieu-Seeland --- Niu-hsi-lan --- Nouvelle-Zélande --- Nov-Zelando --- Nova Zelanda --- Nova Zelandii︠a︡ --- Novai︠a︡ Zelandii︠a︡ --- Novai︠a︡ Zelandyi︠a︡ --- Novi Zeland --- Nový Zéland --- Novzelando --- Nowa Zelandia --- Nu Ziland --- Nueva Zelanda --- Nueva Zelandia --- Nuova Zelanda --- Nya Zeeland --- Nýja-Sjáland --- Nýsæland --- Nyū Jīrando --- Nyu Ziland --- Nyūjīrando --- NZ --- Seland Newydd --- Uus-Meremaa --- Zeelanda Berria --- Νέα Ζηλανδία --- Нова Зеландия --- Новая Зеландыя --- ניו זילנד --- ニュージーランド --- Independent State of Samoa --- Malo Saʻoloto Tutoʻatasi o Samoa --- Government of Samoa --- Malo o Samoa --- Western Samoa --- Emigration and immigration --- Social aspects. --- Social conditions --- lemac