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Rival Enlightenments, first published in 2001, is a major reinterpretation of early modern German intellectual history. Ian Hunter approaches philosophical doctrines as ways of fashioning personae for envisaged historical circumstances, here of confessional conflict and political desacralization. He treats the civil philosophy of Pufendorf and Thomasius and the metaphysical philosophy of Leibniz and Kant as rival intellectual cultures or paideiai, thereby challenging all histories premised on Kant's supposed reconciliation and transcendence of the field. This study reveals the extraordinary historical self-consciousness of the civil philosophers, who repudiated university metaphysics as inimical to the intellectual formation of those administering desacralized territorial states. The book argues that the marginalization of civil philosophy in post-Kantian philosophical history may itself be seen as a continuation of the struggle between the rival enlightenments. Combining careful and well-documented scholarship with vivid polemic, Hunter presents penetrating insights for philosophers and historians alike.

Philosophy, German --- History. --- Pufendorf, Samuel, --- Thomasius, Christian, --- Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, --- Kant, Immanuel, --- Kant, Immanuel --- Kant, I. --- Kānt, ʻAmmānūʼīl, --- Kant, Immanouel, --- Kant, Immanuil, --- Kʻantʻŭ, --- Kant, --- Kant, Emmanuel, --- Ḳanṭ, ʻImanuʼel, --- Kant, E., --- Kant, Emanuel, --- Cantơ, I., --- Kant, Emanuele, --- Kant, Im. --- קאנט --- קאנט, א. --- קאנט, עמנואל --- קאנט, עמנואל, --- קאנט, ע. --- קנט --- קנט, עמנואל --- קנט, עמנואל, --- كانت ، ايمانوئل --- كنت، إمانويل، --- カントイマニユエル, --- Kangde, --- 康德, --- Kanṭ, Īmānwīl, --- كانط، إيمانويل --- Kant, Manuel, --- Leibnitz, Gottfried Wilhelm --- Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm --- Thomas, Christian, --- Tomásio, Cristiano, --- Thomasius, Christ. --- Thomasius, Thomas Christian, --- Thomasius, Christianus, --- Andersohn, Jacob, --- Anderson, Jacob, --- Ander Sohn, Jacob, --- Ander Sohn Holsatus, Jacob, --- Andersohn Holsatus, Jacob, --- Holsatus, Jacob Andersohn, --- Dunaeus, Petrus, --- Monzambano, Severinus de, --- Person of quality, --- Pufendorf, --- Pufendorf, Samuel à, --- Pufendorffius, Samuel, --- Pufendorfius, Samuel, --- Puffendorf, Samuel, --- Puffendorf, Samuil, --- Puffendorfius, Samuel, --- Rolletus, Johannes, --- Rondinus, Julius, --- Von Pufendorf, Samuel, --- 141.132 --- -German philosophy --- Rationalisme. Intellectualisme. Universalisme. Aufklärung. Verlichting --- History --- Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm Freiherr von --- Pufendorf, Samuel Freiherr von --- Thomasius, Christian --- -141.132 Rationalisme. Intellectualisme. Universalisme. Aufklärung. Verlichting --- German philosophy --- Philosophie. --- Geschichte 1650-1800. --- Arts and Humanities --- 141.132 Rationalisme. Intellectualisme. Universalisme. Aufklärung. Verlichting --- -History