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French zoologist Georges Cuvier (1769-1832) helped form and bring credibility to geology and paleontology. Here Martin J. S. Rudwick provides the first modern translation of Cuvier's essential writings on fossils and catastrophes and links these translated texts together with his own insightful narrative and interpretive commentary. "Martin Rudwick has done English-speaking science a considerable service by translating and commenting on Cuvier's work. . . . He guides us through Cuvier's most important writings, especially those which demonstrate his new technique of comparative anatomy."-Douglas Palmer, New Scientist

Mammals, Fossil. --- Catastrophes (Geology) --- Geology --- Geognosy --- Geoscience --- Earth sciences --- Natural history --- Historical geology --- Amniotes, Fossil --- Vertebrates, Fossil --- History --- Catastrophes (Geology). --- translation, primary, source, text, interpretation, analysis, translated, zoologist, zoology, geology, geologist, paleontology, interdisciplinary, science, scientific, anatomy, history, historical, mammals, 18th century, theory, theoretical, paris, marsupial, deer, cattle, global, international, regional, research, academic, scholarly.

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Web site designed especially for children. The site is geared to help users learn from Smithsonian experts about starting and caring for collections. Explore treasures that the Smithsonian has collected-from the Hope Diamond to Franklin D. Roosevelt's stamp sketches and watch online videos of other kids sharing their passions for collecting.

Collectibles. --- Child collectors. --- Hobbies. --- Hobbyists. --- Collectors and collecting. --- Smithsonian Institution --- Smithsonian Institution --- education --- learning --- kids --- children --- collecting --- collect --- collects --- collection --- collections --- collector --- hobby --- hobbies --- indoor activities --- rocks --- minerals --- coins --- stamps --- treasures --- rock --- mineral --- stamp --- philately --- numismatics --- fossil --- gem --- fossils --- gems --- National Museum of Natural History --- curators --- scientist --- geologist --- displaying --- postage stamps --- postal history --- postcard --- commemorative --- pen pal --- pen pals

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By developing the scale that bears his name, Charles Richter not only invented the concept of magnitude as a measure of earthquake size, he turned himself into nothing less than a household word. He remains the only seismologist whose name anyone outside of narrow scientific circles would likely recognize. Yet few understand the Richter scale itself, and even fewer have ever understood the man. Drawing on the wealth of papers Richter left behind, as well as dozens of interviews with his family and colleagues, Susan Hough takes the reader deep into Richter's complex life story, setting it in the context of his family and interpersonal attachments, his academic career, and the history of seismology. Among his colleagues Richter was known as intensely private, passionately interested in earthquakes, and iconoclastic. He was an avid nudist, seismologists tell each other with a grin; he dabbled in poetry. He was a publicity hound, some suggest, and more famous than he deserved to be. But even his closest associates were unaware that he struggled to reconcile an intense and abiding need for artistic expression with his scientific interests, or that his apparently strained relationship with his wife was more unconventional but also stronger than they knew. Moreover, they never realized that his well-known foibles might even have been the consequence of a profound neurological disorder. In this biography, Susan Hough artfully interweaves the stories of Richter's life with the history of earthquake exploration and seismology. In doing so, she illuminates the world of earth science for the lay reader, much as Sylvia Nasar brought the world of mathematics alive in A Beautiful Mind.

Richter scale. --- Seismologists --- Earthquakes. --- Richter, Charles, --- Quakes (Earthquakes) --- Scale, Richter --- Richter, Charles F. --- Richter, C. F. --- Richter, Charles Francis, --- Earth movements --- Natural disasters --- Seismology --- Earthquake magnitude --- Geophysicists --- Measurement --- 1811–12 New Madrid earthquakes. --- 1952 Kern County earthquake. --- Active fault. --- Allen Say. --- American Association of Variable Star Observers. --- Another Woman. --- Asperger syndrome. --- Autism. --- Barbara McClintock. --- Benioff. --- Beno Gutenberg. --- Book. --- Boris Podolsky. --- Calculation. --- Career. --- Charles Francis Richter. --- Child abuse. --- Clarence Allen (geologist). --- Classic book. --- Disaster. --- Distrust. --- Dr. Seuss. --- Dysfunctional family. --- Earthquake insurance. --- Earthquake prediction. --- Electra complex. --- Emerging technologies. --- Emotional baggage. --- Ernest Rutherford. --- Female hysteria. --- Field Act. --- Foreshock. --- Freaks. --- Geologist. --- Graduate school. --- Grandparent. --- Hanks. --- Harold Jeffreys. --- Headline. --- Hiking. --- Hiroo Kanamori. --- His Family. --- Hugo Benioff. --- Hypothyroidism. --- I Wish (manhwa). --- IBM Selectric typewriter. --- In Death. --- Inception. --- Incest. --- Indication (medicine). --- Industrial Workers of the World. --- Inge Lehmann. --- Joan Baez. --- Keiiti Aki. --- Lord Byron. --- Luke Jackson (author). --- Margaret Atwood. --- Mark Storey. --- Meanness. --- Modern physics. --- Mount Wilson Observatory. --- Mrs. --- National security. --- Neurosis. --- Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. --- Nobel Prize. --- Nuclear family. --- Nuclear winter. --- Obsessive–compulsive disorder. --- Plate tectonics. --- Political correctness. --- Popular Science. --- Prediction. --- Procrastination. --- Quantum mechanics. --- Racism. --- Rain Man. --- Ramapo Fault. --- Richter magnitude scale. --- San Andreas Fault. --- Scientist. --- Seismological Society of America. --- Seismology. --- Seismometer. --- Southern California. --- Supervisor. --- Sylvia Nasar. --- Symptom. --- T. S. Eliot. --- Testimonial. --- The Parliament of Man. --- The Tumor. --- Thomas Wolfe. --- To This Day. --- Total loss. --- Treasure trove. --- Tsunami. --- V. --- Virginia Woolf. --- Writing.

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From ski towns to national parks, fresh fruit to environmental lawsuits, the Sierra Nevada has changed the way Americans live. Whether and where there was gold to be mined redefined land, mineral, and water laws. Where rain falls (and where it doesn't) determines whose fruit grows on trees and whose appears on slot machines. All this emerges from the geology of the range and how it changed history, and in so doing, changed the country. The Mountains That Remade America combines geology with history to show how the particular forces and conditions that created the Sierra Nevada have effected broad outcomes and influenced daily life in the United States in the past and how they continue to do so today. Drawing connections between events in historical geology and contemporary society, Craig H. Jones makes geological science accessible and shows the vast impact this mountain range has had on the American West.

Geology --- Human geography --- Mountains --- Gold mines and mining --- Gold discoveries --- Gold extraction (Mining) --- Gold fields --- Gold mining --- Gold rush --- Gold rushes --- Goldfields --- Goldmining --- Goldrush --- Goldrushes --- Sites, Gold mining --- Mines and mineral resources --- Hills --- Mountain peaks --- Mountain ranges --- Mountain ridges --- Mounts (Mountains) --- Orography --- Orology --- Peaks --- Pinnacles --- Ranges, Mountain --- Ridges, Mountain --- Summits (Mountains) --- Uplands --- Anthropo-geography --- Anthropogeography --- Geographical distribution of humans --- Social geography --- Anthropology --- Geography --- Human ecology --- Geognosy --- Geoscience --- Earth sciences --- Natural history --- History. --- Sierra Nevada (Calif. and Nev.) --- Sierra Nevada Mountains (Calif. and Nev.) --- Sierra Nevada Range (Calif. and Nev.) --- Sierras (Calif. and Nev.) --- american landscape. --- american west. --- backpacker. --- cartographer. --- contemporary society. --- geographer. --- geography. --- geological science. --- geologist. --- geology. --- hiker. --- historical geology. --- mountain range. --- natural science. --- outdoorsman. --- sierra nevada mountains. --- travel guide.

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One of the greatest mysteries in reconstructing the history of life on Earth has been the apparent absence of fossils dating back more than 550 million years. We have long known that fossils of sophisticated marine life-forms existed at the dawn of the Cambrian Period, but until recently scientists had found no traces of Precambrian fossils. The quest to find such traces began in earnest in the mid-1960s and culminated in one dramatic moment in 1993 when William Schopf identified fossilized microorganisms three and a half billion years old. This startling find opened up a vast period of time--some eighty-five percent of Earth's history--to new research and new ideas about life's beginnings. In this book, William Schopf, a pioneer of modern paleobiology, tells for the first time the exciting and fascinating story of the origins and earliest evolution of life and how that story has been unearthed. Gracefully blending his personal story of discovery with the basics needed to understand the astonishing science he describes, Schopf has produced an introduction to paleobiology for the interested reader as well as a primer for beginning students in the field. He considers such questions as how did primitive bacteria, pond scum, evolve into the complex life-forms found at the beginning of the Cambrian Period? How do scientists identify ancient microbes and what do these tiny creatures tell us about the environment of the early Earth? (And, in a related chapter, Schopf discusses his role in the controversy that swirls around recent claims of fossils in the famed meteorite from Mars.) Like all great teachers, Schopf teaches the non-specialist enough about his subject along the way that we can easily follow his descriptions of the geology, biology, and chemistry behind these discoveries. Anyone interested in the intriguing questions of the origins of life on Earth and how those origins have been discovered will find this story the best place to start.

Evolutionary paleobiology. --- Micropaleontology. --- Life --- Paleontology --- Origin. --- Abiogenesis. --- Acritarch. --- Addition. --- Aerobic organism. --- Amino acid. --- Archaea. --- Archean. --- Autotroph. --- Bacteria. --- Beijing Zoo. --- Burgess Shale. --- Carbon dioxide. --- Cell wall. --- Charles Darwin. --- Charles Doolittle Walcott. --- Chert. --- Chloroplast. --- Chromosome. --- Coelom. --- Coffin. --- Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event. --- Crust (geology). --- Cyanobacteria. --- Darwin's Dilemma. --- Determination. --- Deuterium. --- Electricity. --- Enzyme. --- Eukaryote. --- Evolution. --- Evolutionary biology. --- Fermentation. --- Foraminifera. --- Fungus. --- Gene. --- Genetic engineering. --- Geologist. --- Geology. --- Giant salamander. --- Glucose. --- Glycine. --- Glycolysis. --- Greenhouse effect. --- Hallucigenia. --- Heterocyst. --- Heterotroph. --- Hydrocarbon. --- Interstellar cloud. --- Law of superposition. --- Layperson. --- Lipid. --- Marine biology. --- Metabolism. --- Meteorite. --- Microorganism. --- Microwave. --- Mitochondrion. --- Mitosis. --- Molecule. --- Monomer. --- Mycoplasma. --- Natural gas. --- Nitrate. --- Nitrogen. --- Nucleic acid. --- Nucleotide. --- Organic acid. --- Organic compound. --- Organism. --- Ottoia. --- Paleobiology. --- Paleontology. --- Paleozoic. --- Phanerozoic. --- Photosynthesis. --- Phototroph. --- Plant. --- Plate tectonics. --- Polymer. --- Precambrian. --- Prokaryote. --- Properties of water. --- Protein. --- Proterozoic. --- Protozoa. --- Purple bacteria. --- Pyruvic acid. --- Ribosome. --- Richard Feynman. --- Sedimentary rock. --- Smithsonian Institution. --- Stromatolite. --- Sulfate minerals. --- Taxon. --- Tempo and Mode in Evolution. --- Thioformaldehyde. --- Thomas Kuhn. --- Trilobite. --- Zygote.